Physical and chemical properties of biochars co-composted with biowastes and incubated with a chicken litter compost

Khan, N.; Clark, Ian; Sánchez-Monedero, Miguel Á.; Shea, Syd; Meier, Sebastián; Qi, Fang; Kookana, Rai S.; Bolan, Nanthi

doi:10.1016/j.chemosphere.2015.05.065

Cited by 99 publications

(44 citation statements)

References 34 publications

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“…The binding effect of these functional groups with hydrogen ion in soil led to the increase in soil pH. It has been found that compost could promote the formation of oxygen-containing functional groups in biochar surface on account of the complicated interaction of oxidation and sorption (Khan et al, 2016;Wiedner et al, 2015). Therefore, the specific change of soil pH resulting from the proportion changes between biochar and compost in this study might be explained as follow: when the biochar percentage is low, the interaction between biochar and compost is weak and less due to low biochar amount and high compost content and the weak acidity of compost (pH ¼ 6.23) ( Table 2), so the soil pH increases slightly; as the biochar percentage rises gradually and reaches to 20% and 40%, the higher soil pH is obtained, which might be attribute to the fact that 20% and 40% biochar addition could effectively promote the interaction between biochar and compost.…”

Section: Effects Of Amendments On Soil Chemical Characteristicsmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…Previous research found that the physicochemical properties and surface functional groups of biochar surface could be changed by oxidation of humus and microorganism in compost, and biochar was able to improve compost humification process and quality, since biochar could provide favorable environment for microbial growth and promote microbial proliferation from selective adsorption of organic matter in biochar surface and pore (Jindo et al, 2012;Wu et al, 2016a;Khan et al, 2016). The biochar alkalinity was associated with surface organic functional groups, soluble organic compounds, carbonates and other inorganic alkali in the biochar, among which the functional groups such as phenolic, hydroxyl and carboxyl groups might contribute to the alkalinity of biochar (Yuan et al, 2011;Fidel et al, 2017).…”

Section: Effects Of Amendments On Soil Chemical Characteristicsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Changes in heavy metal mobility and availability from contaminated wetland soil remediated with combined biochar-compost

et al. 2017

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Section: Effects Of Amendments On Soil Chemical Characteristicsmentioning

confidence: 98%

Section: Effects Of Amendments On Soil Chemical Characteristicsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Changes in heavy metal mobility and availability from contaminated wetland soil remediated with combined biochar-compost

et al. 2017

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“…Application of BC to soil has been considered as to having great potential to enhance long-term carbon stabilization because most carbon in BC has an aromatic structure and is very recalcitrant in the environment (Khan et al 2015). Typically BC has a high pH value and cation exchange capacity (CEC) (Belyaeva and Haynes 2012).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of biochar on copper immobilization and soil microbial communities in a metal-contaminated soil

et al. 2015

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Purpose Copper (Cu) contamination has been increasing in land ecosystems. Biochars (BCs) and arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) are known to bind metals, and metallophyte can remove metals from soils. Will BC in combination with AMF contain the Cu uptake by a metallophyte growing in a metalcontaminated soil? The objective of this study was to investigate the effects of BCs on the Cu immobilization and over soil microbial communities in a metal-contaminated soil in the presence of AMF and metallophyte. Materials and methods Two BCs were produced from chicken manure (CMB) and oat hull (OHB). A Cucontaminated sandy soil (338 mg kg −1 ) was incubated with CMB and OHB (0, 1, and 5 % w/w) for 2 weeks. Metallophyte Oenothera picensis was grown in pots (500 mL) containing the incubated soils in a controlled greenhouse for 6 months. A number of analyses were conducted after the harvest. These include plant biomass weight, microbial basal respiration, and dehydrogenase activity (DHA), AMF root colonization, spore number, and glomalin production; changes in fungal and bacterial communities, Cu fractions in soil phases, and Cu uptake in plant tissues. Results and discussion The BCs increased the soil pH, decreased easily exchangeable fraction of Cu, and increased organic matter and residual fraction of Cu. The BCs provided favorable habitat for microorganisms, thereby increasing basal respiration. The CMB increased DHA by ∼62 and ∼574 %, respectively, for the low and high doses. Similarly, the OHB increased soil microbial activity by ∼68 and ∼72 %, respectively, for the low and high doses. AMF root colonization, spore number, and total glomalinrelated soil protein (GRSP) production increased by ∼3, ∼2, and ∼3 times, respectively, in soils treated with 1 % OHB. Despite being a metalophyte, O. picensis could not uptake Cu efficiently. Root and shoot Cu concentrations decreased or changed insignificantly in most BC treatments.Conclusions The results show that the BCs decreased bioavailable Cu, decreased Cu uptake by O. picensis, improved habitat for microorganisms, and enhanced plant growth in Cucontaminated soil. This suggests that biochars may be utilized to remediate Cu-contaminated soils.

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“…The increase may have been due to microbial mineralization of organic matter into simple proteins and production of ammonia, as well as the decomposition of organic acids [22]. The following decrease was probably caused by two mechanisms: (1) an increase in nitrogen loss, (e.g., volatilization of ammonia), and (2) an enhancement in nitrifying bacteria activity to produce organic acids and carbon dioxide [23-24]. The initial pH in pile A was within the 7.0–8.0 pH range, which benefitted microbial activity [25].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of a novel thermophilic cellulose-degrading agent on the quality of compost and change in microbial community of garden waste

Fan

Jia

et al. 2019

Preprint

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12Knowledge about the microbial communities in composting has advanced, but definitive 13 knowledge concerning the application of actinomycetal communities in garden waste 14 composting is still lacking. In this study, we compared the effects of amending compost with 15 mixed agent M1 (five high-degradability strains) and other agents on the physicochemical 16 indices and microbial community succession. The results showed that Pile A (only applying 17 M1), exhibited a pH closer to neutral, the complete degradation of organic matter, and the 18 highest remaining levels of nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium. The seed germination rate, 19 root length, and seed germination index values were significantly higher in piles amended 20 with M1 and/or commercially available agents than in piles without exogenous microbial 21 agents. Analyzing the microbial communities, these treatments were dominated by 22 Proteobacteria, Firmicutes, Actinobacteria, and Bacteroidetes during composting. The amount 23 of Streptomyces was negatively correlated with the carbon/nitrogen ratio and positively 24 correlated with total phosphorus and total potassium. Adding M1 increased microbial 25 diversity, and the dominant microbial communities at the end of composting were similar to 26 those found in the commercial microbial inoculum. Overall, agent M1 can shorten the 27 composting process and increase the extent of degradation. This research provides additional 28 insights into the potential function of Actinomycetes in compost ecology. 29 30 31 thermophilic cellulose-degrading bacteria 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 45 Waste management is one of the main issues affecting all developing nations [1]. In 46 China, with the acceleration of urbanization, the amount of green area coverage is increasing, 47 but tons of organic solid waste are produced with no means for effective decomposition, 48 representing added stress to the environment [2]. The main components of garden waste, 49 lignin and cellulose, are recalcitrant to degradation, leaving only landfilling and direct 50 burning as traditional disposal methods. Traditional landfilling and incineration methods not 51 only use land resources, but also cause other problems, such as dust particle production, soil 52 and groundwater contamination, pathogenic bacteria growth, and air pollution [3]. To lessen 53 the effects of garden waste disposal on the environment and mitigate environmental pollution, 54 biological composting employs microbial action in waste piles to transform organic solid 55 waste into stable humus and organic fertilizer. Biological composting can directly transform 56 large amounts of organic waste for compost production; however, the unreliability of the 57 quantity and biodegradability of the indigenous functional microbial community in compost 58 often leads to low composting efficiency and undesirable compost quality [4]. 59 Many studies have shown that inoculation with exogenous microorganisms is an 60 effective method for the biodegradation of organic matter a...

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Physical and chemical properties of biochars co-composted with biowastes and incubated with a chicken litter compost

Cited by 99 publications

References 34 publications

Changes in heavy metal mobility and availability from contaminated wetland soil remediated with combined biochar-compost

Changes in heavy metal mobility and availability from contaminated wetland soil remediated with combined biochar-compost

Effects of biochar on copper immobilization and soil microbial communities in a metal-contaminated soil

Effects of a novel thermophilic cellulose-degrading agent on the quality of compost and change in microbial community of garden waste

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