Physical and Chemical Studies of Smelting Products of Calcinated Composite Pellets Produced from Chromium Production Waste

Abstract

This study presents the results of the enlarged laboratory research on the melting of calcined composite pellets for ferrochrome obtained from fine-dispersed conditioned chrome concentrate containing 50.3% Cr2O3. This is a product of the gravitational beneficiation of waste sludge tailings from the Dubersay tailings dump at the Donskoy Mining and Processing Plant (DMPP) of JSC “TNC Kazchrome”. The composition of the charge for obtaining composite pellets consisted of 88.5% of chrome concentrate, 3% of mineral part of refined ferrochrome slag (RFC), 4% of ferruginous diatomite, 3% of coke and 1.5% of liquid glass. The initial charge was pelletized on a laboratory pelletizer to a size of 6–10 mm, dried at room temperature for 24 h and fired at 1200 °C for 60 min at a heating rate of 15 deg/min. On the basis of the developed composite annealed pellets, studies on the production of high-carbon ferrochrome at different melting temperatures were carried out. The results showed that with an increase in temperature from 1750 to 1850 °C, the iron–chromium phase in the composition of the alloy increases from 45.2 to 50.1%, the chromium carbide phase decreases from 23.7 to 11.3% and the chromium–iron phase increases from 7 to 11.2%. The carbon content in the alloys at temperatures from 1750 to 1850 °C varies from 7.2 to 8.94%, respectively. The maximum chromium content of the alloy is 64.82% with a melting point of 1850 °C; this alloy can be classified as FeCr60C90LP grade ferrochrome according to the international Chinese standard, which has no more than 0.03% phosphorus and no more than 0.1% sulfur.

Experimental Manufacturing of Ferromanganese Alloy from Man-Made Manganese-Containing Wastes

“…It was established that the increased content of acid oxides increases the rate of reduction processes during the melting process. Based on beneficiated chromium-containing sludge, composite pellets suitable for smelting into ferroalloys were obtained [19].…”