Physical and psychological correlates of appearance orientation

Davis, Caroline; Dionne, Michelle; Shuster, Barbara

doi:10.1016/s0191-8869(00)00006-4

Cited by 76 publications

(44 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…Davis et al (2001) found that individuals who scored high on emotional instability were more appearance-focused. In addition, Davis and Vernon (2002) found that individuals scoring high on neuroticism (i.e., emotional instability) were more likely to get cosmetic surgery.…”

Section: Elemental Trait Predictionsmentioning

confidence: 98%

Burning and cutting: Identifying the traits of individuals with an enduring propensity to tan and to undergo cosmetic surgery

Mowen

Longoria

Sallee

2009

J of Consumer Behaviour

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The research investigated the trait predictors of the propensity to use two beautification procedures that have the potential to harm health -the propensities to tan and to obtain cosmetic surgery. The results of a survey of 231 adult consumers revealed that a different combination of hierarchically arranged traits was predictive of the two procedures. These results suggest that different strategies are required in order to market or demarket tanning and plastic surgery. The research also made methodological contributions by revealing that two forms of vanity identified in the literature -physical view vanity and physical concern vanity -represent two different constructs rather than two dimensions of an underlying construct.

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Section: Elemental Trait Predictionsmentioning

confidence: 98%

Burning and cutting: Identifying the traits of individuals with an enduring propensity to tan and to undergo cosmetic surgery

Mowen

Longoria

Sallee

2009

J of Consumer Behaviour

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“…Davis, Dionne and Shuster (2001) demonstrated that healthy females with higher facial-attractiveness ratings were more appearance focused. It could be argued that physically attractive individuals are more likely to be complimented on their appearance than less attractive individuals.…”

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confidence: 98%

The role of aesthetic sensitivity in body dysmorphic disorder.

Lambrou¹,

Veale²,

Wilson³

2011

Journal of Abnormal Psychology

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Individuals with body dysmorphic disorder (BDD) are excessively preoccupied with an imagined or slight defect in appearance. Higher aesthetic sensitivity in facial proportions may explain why BDD patients are severely disturbed by a small defect in their appearance.Aesthetic sensitivity can be defined as an awareness and appreciation of beauty and harmony, with three components: i) perceptual (ability to differentiate variations in aesthetic proportions); ii) emotional (degree of emotion experienced when viewing beauty or ugliness); iii) evaluative (aesthetic standards, values and identity).Fifty BDD patients were compared with two non-clinical control groups; 50 art & design controls and 50 non-art controls. A facial photograph of the participant was manipulated using computer graphic techniques, to create a 9-image symmetry continuum. Presented with the continuum on a computer, participants selected and rated images representing their self-actual, self-ideal, idea of a perfect, most physically attractive, most pleasure and most disgust. Control symmetry continua examined the specificity of the disturbance.As predicted, BDD patients displayed increased accuracy in their self-actual estimation and greater sensitivity to aesthetic proportions. BDD patients were not distorted in their perceptual processing but appeared exclusively disturbed in their negative emotional/evaluative processing of their own face. However, BDD patients did not express a higher aesthetic standard of beauty compared to controls. A significant discrepancy between BDD patients' self-actual and self-ideal, resulting from an absent self-serving bias in their self-actual estimation, a bias notably exhibited by controls, may be the crucial determining factor and potential source of their disturbance. BDD patients also overvalued the importance of appearance and self-objectified. These aesthetic evaluations may interact with aesthetic perceptions and emotions to predispose them to and/or maintain the disorder.Investigating the role of personality/psychological factors, path analyses suggested that body shame mediates the relationship between aesthetic sensitivity and BDD symptomatology. Clinical implications are discussed.3

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“…Emmons (1984) reported that narcissists had a greater motivation to attain a perfect body and had a higher awareness of their appearance. A regression analysis by Davis et al (2001) demonstrated that narcissism was a unique predictor of greater preoccupation with appearance, even controlling for the effects of perfectionism, neuroticism, and facial attractiveness.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Another study reported that exercising prevents the emergence of negative feelings (Zmijewski and Howard 2003). Reasons behind why women exercise excessively may be related to how they perceive their body image and potential appearance issues (Davis et al 2001). This finding relates back to Miller and Mesagno's (2014) self-worth theory because those high in narcissism are more likely to display behaviors related to their appearance in order to improve their self-worth.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Personality Factors in Exercise Addiction: A Pilot Study Exploring the Role of Narcissism, Extraversion, and Agreeableness

Cook

Griffiths

Pontes

2018

Int J Ment Health Addiction

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Despite the increased evidence and acceptance of exercise being classed as a behavioral addiction, there is limited research examining personality characteristics within exercise addicts. The purpose of this study was to examine three personality traits (narcissism, extraversion, and agreeableness) and to examine their role in exercise addiction. The sample comprised 114 voluntary participants (74 females and 40 males) who completed the (i) Exercise Addiction Inventory, (ii) Narcissistic Personality Inventory, and (iii) Ten-Item Personality Inventory, as well as demographic questions and questions concerning their engagement and intensity levels of exercise. Results indicated a low incidence of individuals who were classed as at risk of exercise addiction (7%), but a high incidence of symptomatic individuals (75%). Results suggested that extraversion and narcissism may be underlying factors in exercise addiction with no effect for agreeableness. Exercise engagement and intensity were also related to exercise addiction. Further research examining the relationship between personality types and exercise addiction may be useful in identifying individuals at risk for developing exercise addiction.Keywords Exercise addiction . Personality factors . Narcissism . Extraversion . Agreeableness Exercise participation is typically seen as a healthy behavior that enhances both physical and psychological wellbeing (Fox 1999). However, excessive physical activity can have detrimental effects where it may manifest into a potential addiction if it starts to become a compulsive activity in an individual's day-to-day life (Hausenblas and Downs 2002). The shift in how addiction has changed has been significant in the last few decades with the DSM-5 (American Psychiatric Association 2013) altering the previous category of Bsubstance-related disorders^to one that also considers behavioral addictions. At present, the only behavior that is officially Int J Ment Health Addiction

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Physical and psychological correlates of appearance orientation

Cited by 76 publications

References 29 publications

Burning and cutting: Identifying the traits of individuals with an enduring propensity to tan and to undergo cosmetic surgery

Burning and cutting: Identifying the traits of individuals with an enduring propensity to tan and to undergo cosmetic surgery

The role of aesthetic sensitivity in body dysmorphic disorder.

Personality Factors in Exercise Addiction: A Pilot Study Exploring the Role of Narcissism, Extraversion, and Agreeableness

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