Physical and technological issues of KrF laser drivers for inertial fusion energy

Зворыкин, В. Д.; Arlantsev, S V; Bakaev, Valerii G.; Gaynutdinov, R. V.; Левченко, А. В.; Молчанов, А. Г.; Sagitov, S. I.; Sergeev, A. P.; Stavrovskiĭ, D. B.; Ustinovskii, N. N.; Zayarnyĭ, D A

doi:10.1051/jp4:2006133116

Cited by 6 publications

(4 citation statements)

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“…This will allow us to verify the numerical code and to account for more accurately in simulations, which are going on, important kinetic processes and radiation transfer in the gain medium of large-scale KrF laser amplifiers [14]. The comparison of fluorescence and transient absorption spectra demonstrates that there is a wide enough spectral range of about 400-440 nm where amplification of femtosecond laser pulses at broad-band Kr 2 F (4 2 Γ→1,2 2 Γ) transition is expected to be higher than absorption.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fluorescence and transient absorption spectra of Ar/Kr/F 2 mixtures excited by e-beam

Зворыкин

Kholin

Левченко

et al. 2006

XVI International Symposium on Gas Flow, Chemical Lasers, and High-Power Lasers

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Time-resolved fluorescence of Ar/Kr/F 2 mixtures and transient absorption spectra were measured at Berdysh preamplifier module of GARPUN KrF laser facility pumped by 50 A/cm 2 , 350 keV, 100 ns e-beam. The experiments pursued an aim to obtain additional data on KrF laser kinetics, in particular, on the formation of Kr 2 F molecules and their influence on the absorption and extraction of KrF laser radiation in large-scale amplifiers. A possibility of femtosecond laser pulses amplification at broad-band Kr 2 F (4 2 Γ→1,2 2 Γ) transition is discussed.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fluorescence and transient absorption spectra of Ar/Kr/F 2 mixtures excited by e-beam

Зворыкин

Kholin

Левченко

et al. 2006

XVI International Symposium on Gas Flow, Chemical Lasers, and High-Power Lasers

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“…laser-plasma interaction during the past two decades at 0.1-10.0 kJ-class single-shot KrF facilities AURORA (Los Alamos National Laboratory; LANL) (Rosocha et al, 1986(Rosocha et al, , 1987Harris et al, 1993), NIKE Naval Research Laboratory (NRL) (Obenschain et al, 1996;Pawley et al, 1997Pawley et al, , 1999Aglitskiy et al, 2002), SPRITE (RAL) National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (Shaw et al, 1993(Shaw et al, , 1999Divall et al, 1996), ASHURA National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIS & T) (Owadano et al, 1989(Owadano et al, , 1993(Owadano et al, , 1999(Owadano et al, , 2001 and GARPUN Lebedev Physical Institute (LPI) (Basov et al, 1993;Zvorykin & Lebo, 1999;Zvorykin et al, 2001Zvorykin et al, , 2004Zvorykin et al, , 2006aWang et al, 2002), and especially at rep-rate Electra laser (NRL) (Sethian et al, 1998Wolford et al, 2006) have proved that e-beam-pumped KrF laser might be the best challenge for direct-drive ICF power plant. To satisfy physical and economical requirements, they should be scaled to output energies of 30-60 kJ per one module, operating all together with the total laser energy of $2 MJ at rep-rate of 5 Hz and overall system efficiency of 7.5% (Svyatoslavsky et al, 1992;Von Rosenberg, 1992;McGeoch et al, 1997;Sethian et al, 2003).…”

Section: Krf Drivers In the Fast-ignition Icf Problemmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Before short pulses are amplified in e-beam-pumped amplifiers, extraction efficiency as well as gain and absorption properties of these devices has been determined for nanosecond pulses (Zvorykin et al, , 2006a. The layout of experiments is shown schematically in Figure 5.…”

Section: Gain and Absorption Measurements In Garpun Amplifiermentioning

confidence: 99%

GARPUN-MTW: A hybrid Ti:Sapphire/KrF laser facility for simultaneous amplification of subpicosecond/nanosecond pulses relevant to fast-ignition ICF concept

Зворыкин

Didenko²,

Ионин

et al. 2007

Laser Part. Beams

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The first stage of the petawatt excimer laser project started at the P.N. Lebedev Physical Institute, implements a development of multiterawatt hybrid GARPUN-MTW laser facility for generation of ultra-high intensity subpicosecond ultraviolet (UV) laser pulses. Under this project, a multi-stage e-beam-pumped 100-J, 100-ns GARPUN KrF laser was upgraded with a femtosecond Ti:Sapphire front-end, to produce combined subpicosecond/nanosecond laser pulses with variable time delay. Attractive possibility to amplify simultaneously short and long pulses in the same large-scale KrF amplifiers is analyzed with regard to the fast-ignition, inertial confinement fusion problem. Detailed description of hybrid laser system is presented with synchronized KrF and Ti:Sapphire master oscillators. Based on gain and absorption measurements at GARPUN amplifier and numerical simulations with a quasi-stationary code, we are predicting that 1.6 J can be obtained in a short pulse at hybrid GARPUN-MTW Ti:Sapphire/KrF laser facility, combined with several tens of joules in nanosecond pulse. Amplified spontaneous emission, which is responsible for the pre-pulse formation on a target, was also investigated: its acceptable level can be provided by properly choosing staged gain or loading the amplifiers by quasi-steady laser radiation. Fluorescence and transient absorption spectra of Ar/Kr/F 2 mixtures conventionally used in KrF amplifiers were recorded to find out the possibility for femtosecond pulse amplification at the broadband Kr 2 F (4 2 G ! 1,2 2 G) transition, which benefits in 100 times higher saturation energy density than for KrF (B ! X) transition.

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“…As calculations demonstrate, KrF laser has a unique possibility to simultaneously amplify both ultrashort and long laser pulses, which can be used for fast ignition ICF concept with KrF laser drivers 26,27 , long pulses being used for pellet compression and ultrashort pulses for ignition. In fact, the gain in KrF medium is recovered very fast in about ~ 2 ns after a passage of a ultrashort pulse, which duration is far less than a lifetime of the upper laser level of B→X transition of KrF molecule.…”

Section: Fig5 the Final Krf Laser Amplifiermentioning

confidence: 99%

High-power optical sources of femtosecond pulses on the base of hybrid laser systems with wide-aperture gas laser amplifiers

et al. 2007

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The multi-stage hybrid laser system producing ultrashort pulses of radiation with peak power ~10 14 -10 15 W now under developing at the Lebedev Physical Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences is discussed. The distinctive feature of the laser system is direct amplification of ultrashort pulses produced by solid state laser system, first going through a prism stretcher with negative dispersion, in gas active medium without using a rather expensive and complicated grating compressor of laser pulses. Two hybrid schemes are being developed now based on the amplification of femtosecond pulses of the third harmonic of Ti:Sapphire laser at the wavelength 248 nm in the active medium of KrF laser amplifier, and on the amplification of the second harmonic of Ti:Sa laser at the wavelength 480 nm in the active medium of photochemical XeF(C-А)-laser excited by VUV radiation of an e-beam pumped Xe 2 lamp. The final stage of the laser system is supposed to be an e-beam pumped facility with a laser chamber of 60 cm in diameter and 200 cm long in the case of KrF laser, and with another laser chamber of 30-40 cm in diameter put into the former one in the case of XeF(C-A) laser. The parameters of such e-beam facility are close to those of previously developed at the Institute of HighCurrent Electronics: electron energy ~600 keV, specific input power ~ 300-500 kW/cm 3 , e-beam pulse duration ~ 100-200 ns. A possibility of using Kr 2 F as an active medium with saturation energy 0.2 J/cm 2 for amplification of ultrashort laser pulses is also under consideration. There was theoretically demonstrated that the energy of a laser pulse at the exit of the final stage of the laser system could come up to ~ 17 J with pulse duration ~50 fs in the case of KrF laser, and ~75 J with pulse duration of 25 fs in the case of XeF laser. Two Ti:Sa laser systems producing ~50 fs pulses with energy ~0.5 mJ at the wavelength 248 nm and ~5 mJ at the wavelength 480 nm have been already developed and are being now installed at the Lebedev Institute. Preliminary experiments on amplification of UV femtosecond pulses were carried out with electric discharge KrF laser amplifier. Keywords: femtosecond pulse, terawatt power, petawatt power, gas laser amplifier, wide-aperture gas lasers, KrF laser, XeF (C-A) laser 1. INTRODUCTION Nowadays, for getting terawatt and petawatt laser pulses, quite expensive solid-state master oscillator (MO) -power amplifier (MOPA) systems are generally being employed. However, the potential of high-power hybrid MOPA laser systems, in which a solid state MO lasing femtosecond pulses and a number of solid state laser preamplifiers referred below as to a starting laser facility are combined with a set of gas laser preamplifiers and final wide-aperture amplifier(s), has not been entirely used yet. The distinctive feature of the hybrid laser system is direct amplification of ultra-short femtosecond pulses produced by a solid state starting laser facility, first going through a prism stretcher with negative dispersion, in gas active m...

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Physical and technological issues of KrF laser drivers for inertial fusion energy

Cited by 6 publications

References 0 publications

Fluorescence and transient absorption spectra of Ar/Kr/F 2 mixtures excited by e-beam

Fluorescence and transient absorption spectra of Ar/Kr/F 2 mixtures excited by e-beam

GARPUN-MTW: A hybrid Ti:Sapphire/KrF laser facility for simultaneous amplification of subpicosecond/nanosecond pulses relevant to fast-ignition ICF concept

High-power optical sources of femtosecond pulses on the base of hybrid laser systems with wide-aperture gas laser amplifiers

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