Physical aspects of the formation of various allotropic modifications of nanocarbon during electric explosion

Synthesis of Carbon Nanomaterials Using High-Voltage Electric Discharge Techniques

“…Exploding material is subjected to the combined impact of high temperature and pressure (~10 5 K and ~5•10 2 MPa, respectively), electrical and magnetic fields. It was proposed (Kuskova, 2005;Kuskova et al, 2010;Rud et al, 2007Rud et al, , 2011 to utilize EWE technique for synthesis of carbon nanomaterials in consequence of structural transformations graphite  diamond, graphite  nanotubes or graphite  fullerenes due to heating of graphite rods by powerful current pulse.…”

“…Hence, the problems of the development of effective synthesis, separation and purification methods for carbon nanomaterials (CNM) remain importance. Therefore, it is of special interest to clarify the possibility of application of electric discharge techniques, such as the electric wires explosion (EWE) (Kuskova, 2005;Kuskova et al, 2010;Rud et al, 2007Rud et al, , 2011, the spark erosion of materials (Bulgakov et al, 2009;Rud et al, 2007), developed for manufacturing metallic nanopowders, and the electric breakdown of dielectric liquids (EBOL) (Rud et al, 2011) for synthesis of CNM and investigation of structural and physical properties of synthesized materials. The physical basis of electric discharge technology of synthesis of different forms of CNM consists in the injection into working medium-a source of carbon, energy need for its heating, evaporation and destruction through a passage of powerful (up to 1 MA) current pulses with frequencies of 0.1-10 Hz.…”