Physical Assessment of 30 Chronic Cannabis Users and 30 Matched Controls

Cruickshank, E. K.

doi:10.1111/j.1749-6632.1976.tb49895.x

Cited by 19 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 2 publications

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“…The results of these 19 studies are summarised in Table 1 . A total of 11 studies were cross-sectional, 20 , 22–31 and 8 were observational cohort studies. 21 , 32–38 Eighteen out of 19 studies included spirometric measurements in chronic marijuana smokers.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of cannabis smoking on lung function and respiratory symptoms: a structured literature review

Ribeiro

Ind

2016

npj Prim Care Resp Med

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As cannabis use increases, physicians need to be familiar with the effects of both cannabis and tobacco on the lungs. However, there have been very few long-term studies of cannabis smoking, mostly due to legality issues and the confounding effects of tobacco. It was previously thought that cannabis and tobacco had similar long-term effects as both cause chronic bronchitis. However, recent large studies have shown that, instead of reducing forced expiratory volume in 1 s and forced vital capacity (FVC), marijuana smoking is associated with increased FVC. The cause of this is unclear, but acute bronchodilator and anti-inflammatory effects of cannabis may be relevant. Bullous lung disease, barotrauma and cannabis smoking have been recognised in case reports and small series. More work is needed to address the effects of cannabis on lung function, imaging and histological changes.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of cannabis smoking on lung function and respiratory symptoms: a structured literature review

Ribeiro

Ind

2016

npj Prim Care Resp Med

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“…at the age of 18 years, 2.5% at the age of 21 years, and 5.0% at the age of 26 years compared with nonsmokers (PϽ.05 for all comparisons), but when adjusted for age, tobacco smoking, and weight, the association was no longer statistically significant. Two cross-sectional studies 19,23 reported no differences with respect to FEV 1 / FVC ratio.…”

Section: Long-term Marijuana Smoking and Changes In Pulmonary Functionmentioning

confidence: 95%

Effects of Marijuana Smoking on Pulmonary Function and Respiratory Complications

et al. 2007

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Background: The relationship between marijuana smoking and pulmonary function or respiratory complications is poorly understood; therefore, we conducted a systematic review of the impact of marijuana smoking on pulmonary function and respiratory complications. Methods: Studies that evaluated the effect of marijuana smoking on pulmonary function and respiratory complications were selected from the MEDLINE, PsychINFO, and EMBASE databases according to predefined criteria from January 1, 1966, to October 28, 2005. Two independent reviewers extracted data and evaluated study quality based on established criteria. Study results were critically appraised for clinical applicability and research methods. Results: Thirty-four publications met selection criteria. Reports were classified as challenge studies if they examined the association between short-term marijuana use and airway response; other reports were classified as studies of long-term marijuana smoking and pulmonary function or respiratory complications. Eleven of 12 challenge studies found an association between short

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“…No difference between marijuana smokers and controls [46] Hernandez et al (1981) Crosssectional 23 Normal spirometry in marijuana smokers [47] Moore et al…”

Section: Crosssectional 60mentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of smoking cannabis on lung function

Lee

Hancox

2011

Expert Review of Respiratory Medicine

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Although cannabis (or marijuana) is the world's most widely-used illicit drug, there has been surprisingly little research into its effects on respiratory health. Part of the problem is the inherent difficulty of studying the long-term effects of an illegal habit. It has often been assumed that smoking cannabis will have similar long-term effects to smoking tobacco. Several recent observational studies suggest that this is not the case and that cannabis has quite different effects on the lung function. There are consistent findings that smoking cannabis is associated with large airway inflammation, symptoms of bronchitis, increased airway resistance and lung hyperinflation. The evidence that smoking cannabis leads to features of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, such as airflow obstruction and emphysema is not convincing. However, there are numerous case reports of bullous emphysema among cannabis smokers. These findings have not been confirmed in systematic analytical studies and probably represent uncommon adverse effects in very heavy cannabis smokers. There is now additional controversial evidence that cannabis is at least an occasional cause of respiratory malignancies, but again the evidence is inconclusive.

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Physical Assessment of 30 Chronic Cannabis Users and 30 Matched Controls

Cited by 19 publications

References 2 publications

Effect of cannabis smoking on lung function and respiratory symptoms: a structured literature review

Effect of cannabis smoking on lung function and respiratory symptoms: a structured literature review

Effects of Marijuana Smoking on Pulmonary Function and Respiratory Complications

Effects of smoking cannabis on lung function

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