Physical attractiveness and intergenerational social mobility

Gugushvili, Alexi; Bulczak, Grzegorz

doi:10.1111/ssqu.13320

Cited by 4 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 118 publications

(182 reference statements)

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“…MZA pairs are born on the same day and, therefore, experience many of these behavior-shaping cohort influences at the same time during the same developmental stages. MZAs will also elicit more similar treatment from their social environments due to their substantial physical resemblance, including physical attractiveness and height (Cropanzano & James, 1990;Gugushvili, A., & Bulczak, 2023). Because in most societies men and women are treated differently and are socialized from birth to behave, think, and feel in differing gender-specific ways, members of an MZA pair will behave more similarly for this reason alone.…”

Section: Reared-apart Relatives Do Share Common Environmental Influencesmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Bell Curve at 30: A Closer Look at the Within- and Between-Group IQ Genetic Evidence

Joseph,

Richardson

2024

Preprint

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The year 2024 marks 30 years since the publication of The Bell Curve: Intelligence and Class Structure in American Life by Richard Herrnstein and Charles Murray. The book created a storm of controversy after its 1994 publication, including its authors’ claim that it is “highly likely…that both genes and the environment have something to do with racial differences” in mean IQ scores between U.S. Whites and Blacks (African Americans). In this review, we evaluate not only Herrnstein and Murray’s ethnic-differences claims, but also the evidence they cited in support of “substantial” within-group IQ heritability (now in conflict with recent modest molecular genetic results). We show that the “twins reared apart” (TRA) studies supplying what the authors called the “most unambiguous direct estimates” of IQ heritability contain numerous biases, and that the results of the “most modern” TRA IQ study were based on omitted control group data, a reliance on false assumptions, and other “questionable research practices.” We then describe the major problems, biases, and unsupported assumptions found in IQ family, reared-together twin, and adoption studies while calling into question the validity of long-disputed concepts such as “heritability,” “IQ,” and “race.” Like many others before us, we conclude that Herrnstein and Murray presented no valid evidence in support of genetic causes of between-ethnic-group or social-class IQ score differences. And like few others before us, we also conclude that they produced no valid evidence that genes influence IQ score differences within groups. As in 1994, the authors’ social and political policy recommendations should be rejected because, among other reasons, they are based on faulty research coming increasingly to light in science’s replication crisis.

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Section: Reared-apart Relatives Do Share Common Environmental Influencesmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Bell Curve at 30: A Closer Look at the Within- and Between-Group IQ Genetic Evidence

Joseph,

Richardson

2024

Preprint

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Beauty pays, but not under all circumstances: Evidence on gendered hiring discrimination from a novel experimental treatment using deepfakes

Kühn,

Wolbring

2024

Research in Social Stratification and Mobility

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The Heterogeneous Effects of College Education on Outcomes Related to Deaths of Despair

Bulczak,

Gugushvili,

Koltai

2024

J Health Soc Behav

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College education features prominently in research on determinants of deaths from substance use disorders and self-harm—outcomes collectively referred to as “deaths of despair” (DoD). Limited attention has been given to whether the protective effects of college education on indicators of despair vary by individuals’ likelihood of college completion. We use data from the National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent to Adult Health for 6,145 individuals to test whether the protective effects of college completion on precursors to DoD vary according to individuals’ propensity to attain a college degree. Understanding whether the benefits of college education differ depending on the propensity to complete it is important for designing effective educational policies. Using the heterogeneous treatment effects approach, we find that individuals with a relatively low propensity for graduating from college but who complete it have a lower likelihood of depressive symptoms, binge drinking, prescription drug abuse, and hard drug use.

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Physical attractiveness and intergenerational social mobility

Cited by 4 publications

References 118 publications

The Bell Curve at 30: A Closer Look at the Within- and Between-Group IQ Genetic Evidence

The Bell Curve at 30: A Closer Look at the Within- and Between-Group IQ Genetic Evidence

Beauty pays, but not under all circumstances: Evidence on gendered hiring discrimination from a novel experimental treatment using deepfakes

The Heterogeneous Effects of College Education on Outcomes Related to Deaths of Despair

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