Physical characteristics, blood hormone concentrations, and plasma lipid concentrations in obese horses with insulin resistance

Frank, Nicholas; Elliott, Sarah B.; Brandt, Laura E.; Keisler, D.H.

doi:10.2460/javma.228.9.1383

Cited by 225 publications

(236 citation statements)

References 45 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

189

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…Some reports indicate that high plasma leptin concentration exists together with elevated plasma lipids content (Frank et al, 2006;Kędzierski et al, 2011;Pleasant et al, 2013). This is the reason for the analysis of changes in plasma leptin in relation to TG, glycerol and FFA concentrations in this study; however, no important relationship was found.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 51%

“…Moreover, the possible influence of TG and glycerol on plasma leptin release from the adipose tissue is unknown and the role of FFA in the regulation of the leptin level is not clear (Cammisotto et al, 2003). In other studies, the reported connections between plasma leptin and lipid concentrations are more likely to be the effect of the existing energy status of the examined horses (Frank et al, 2006;Pleasant et al, 2013;Suagee et al, 2013).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 93%

“…Low plasma leptin level in horses is associated with some behavioural disorders, such as crib-biting (Hemmann et al, 2013), as well as with mortality in foals (Barsnick et al, 2011). High level of this adipokine was stated in horses predisposed to insulin resistance (Frank et al, 2006;Carter et al, 2009;Pleasant et al, 2013). Plasma concentration of leptin in horses shows the diurnal variation attributed to the feeding regimen (Buff et al, 2005;Gordon and McKeever, 2005;Steelman et al, 2006).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Changes in plasma leptin concentration during different types of exercises performed by horses

Kędzierski

2014

Animal

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Leptin is a tissue-derivative adipokine that regulates appetite, food intake and energy expenditure. It is still not clear how exercise affects plasma leptin concentration in horses. The aim of this study was to evaluate the influence of exercise intensity and duration on plasma leptin levels in working horses. A total of 38 horses were prospectively included in the study and grouped according to the type of exercise they performed: dressage (six stallions, group D), jumping (12 stallions, group J), race (12 Thoroughbred horses, six stallions and six mares, group R) and harness (10 light draft stallions, group H). Blood samples were taken both before and after routine exercise (immediately after the exercise, 30 min and 24 h after). Blood lactic acid (LA) and plasma concentration of leptin, cortisol, uric acid, triacylglycerols, glycerol and free fatty acids were determined. Immediately after exercise, group R had the highest level of LA, whereas groups D and J had the lowest levels. A significant increase in plasma leptin concentration was stated only in group H in samples taken immediately after the end of the exercise period and 30 min after the exercise period, as compared with the values obtained at rest. A significant increase in plasma cortisol concentration was found immediately after the end of the exercise period in groups R and H. Leptin exercise-to-rest ratio was significantly correlated with cortisol exercise-to-rest ratio (r = 0.64; P < 0.001). The increase in plasma leptin concentration in exercised horses was related to the increased plasma cortisol concentration and took place only during long-lasting exercise, which was not intensive.Keywords: cortisol, leptin, horse, exercise ImplicationsLeptin is an adipokine that regulates energetic metabolism, appetite and food intake in mammals. The effect of exercise on plasma leptin concentration in horses is still not clear. The results of the present study indicate that some kinds of exercise increase the plasma leptin level in horses. Better understanding of the regulation of leptin release during exercise could contribute towards improving the performance and state of health of exercising horses; it is thus clear that detailed knowledge of improving the performance of trained horses will have an economic importance. The data presented in this study have never been published elsewhere.

show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 51%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 93%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Changes in plasma leptin concentration during different types of exercises performed by horses

Kędzierski

2014

Animal

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Mais além, foram realizadas mensurações de pescoço, segundo Frank et al (2006). O comprimento (CP) foi medido, com a cabeça posicionada em um ângulo de 45º, do topo até o ponto mais alto da cernelha.…”

Section: Methodsunclassified

Relação entre obesidade, insulina plasmática e posicionamento da falange distal em equinos da raça Crioula

Paz

Paganela

Santos³

et al. 2013

Arq. Bras. Med. Vet. Zootec.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Verificaram-se características radiográficas do posicionamento da falange distal em relação ao estojo córneo em equinos da raça Crioula e correlacionaram-se tais achados com sinais de obesidade e concentrações plasmáticas de insulina. Consideraram-se dois grupos com base no escore da condição corporal (ECC). A média de idade entre os grupos foi de 9,2±5,8 anos em indivíduos normais (ECC 5-7) e de 10,3±3,7 anos em obesos (ECC 8-9). Diferenças estatísticas entre grupos ocorreram para valores de peso, perímetro torácico, escore da condição corporal, escore da crista do pescoço, comprimento do pescoço, circunferência do pescoço em três regiões referentes a 25%, 50% e 75% do comprimento do pescoço e entre o posicionamento da falange distal em relação ao estojo córneo. O ângulo formado entre as superfícies dorsais de falange distal e casco (ângulo de rotação) correlacionou-se estatisticamente com ECC (r = 0,30; P=0,02) e com peso e perímetro torácico (r = 0,50; P<0,01). Quanto à concentração de insulina plasmática, foram encontradas correlações positivas com ECP (r = 0,40; P<0,01) e com ângulo de rotação (r = 0,23; P = 0,08), e correlação negativa com idade (r = -0,42; P<0,01). Em oito animais (27%) o ângulo de rotação foi maior que 2 graus; destes, 25% eram normais e 75%, obesos (P<0,05). Aparentemente, em equinos da raça Crioula, características morfométricas no casco diferiram dos padrões internacionais obtidos de outras raças. A obesidade interferiu na relação espacial da falange distal com o estojo córneo, indicando que os animais obesos dessa raça são mais propensos a desenvolver laminite.

show abstract

“…However, considering the faithful fulfilment of the original scale described by Henneke et al (1983), the results confirm that the scores to designate these two body categories (obese and overweight) should be raised at least in Andalusian horses. Previous studies in which the conventional body scoring system has been utilized, obese horses have been described using different cutoff values (Gentry et al, 2002;Hoffman et al, 2003;Gentry et al, 2004;Buff et al, 2006;Frank et al, 2006;Vick et al, 2006;Waller et al, 2006;Ungru et al, 2012). This lack of consensus among different researches to define obesity stands out the relevance of these results where based strictly on an objective appraisal of the body condition (SFT ultrasonography) and in accordance with a quantitative corroborated obesity variable (%BF) it has been possible to fix concrete cut-off values adjusted to a specific breed.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Development of an index based on ultrasonographic measurements for the objective appraisal of body condition in Andalusian horses

Martin‐Giménez

Aguirre-Pascasio

Blas

2018

Span. j. agric. res.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Body condition scoring (BCS) is an indirect measure of the level of subcutaneous fat; however, by measuring the subcutaneous fat thicknesses (SFT), the precision of the degree of fatness assessment is improved. The aims were: 1) to develop an alternative body fat scoring index (BFSI) based on ultrasonographic measurements; 2) to assess the agreement between BCS and the new index applied to Andalusian horses; 3) to adjust the BCS cut-off values (if necessary) for overweight and obesity in this breed. One hundred and sixtysix Andalusian horses were included in this cross sectional study. On each horse, BCS, body fat percentage (BF%) and ultrasonography of SFT at localized deposits were evaluated. According to BFSI five possible body categories were established. Only one horse (0.6%) was classified as emaciated, 9.0% as thin, 74.7% as normal, 11.4% as overweight and 4.2% as obese. Despite higher BCS and SFT values were observed compared to other breeds, most of the horses evaluated presented a normal body condition under the new BFSI. BCS and BFSI were significantly associated (p<0.001), however, the concordance was low (weighted Cohen's kappa coefficient, 0.262 ± 0.071; p=0.004). Using BFSI, obese horses had significantly greater BF% than the rest of categories (p<0.001). BCS showed a good diagnostic accuracy for detection overweight (AUC = 0.759 ± 0.055; p<0.001) and obese (AUC = 0.878 ± 0.050; p=0.001) horses; redefining the cut-off values for overweight and obesity condition as 7.5/9 and 8.5/9 respectively in Andalusian horses.Additional keywords: ultrasonography; subcutaneous fat deposits; objective score; adiposity; obesity; index. Abbreviations used: AUC (area under the curve); BMI (body mass index); BCS (body condition score); BFSI (body fat scoring index); ROC (receiver operating characteristic curve); SFT (subcutaneous fat thickness); SFT-N25% (SFT over the first third of the neck-length); SFT-N50% (SFT over the second third of the neck-length); SFT-N75% (SFT over the last third of the neck-length); SFT-S (SFT behind the shoulder); SFT-Rb (SFT over the ribs); SFT-R (SFT over the rump); SFT-TH (SFT over the tailhead); BF% (body fat percentage).

show abstract

Physical characteristics, blood hormone concentrations, and plasma lipid concentrations in obese horses with insulin resistance

Abstract: Measurements of neck circumference and resting insulin and leptin concentrations can be used to screen obese horses for IR. Dyslipidemia is associated with IR in obese horses.

Cited by 225 publications

References 45 publications

Changes in plasma leptin concentration during different types of exercises performed by horses

Changes in plasma leptin concentration during different types of exercises performed by horses

Relação entre obesidade, insulina plasmática e posicionamento da falange distal em equinos da raça Crioula

Development of an index based on ultrasonographic measurements for the objective appraisal of body condition in Andalusian horses

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About