Physical Characteristics of Ocular Structures in Chinese Children With Emmetropia

Abstract

<div class="ftSection"><span class="ftInlineSubsectionTitle">Purpose:</span><p>To evaluate whether accommodation has effects on eye elongation.</p></div><div class="ftSection"><span class="ftInlineSubsectionTitle">Methods:</span><p>Two hundred seventy-three eyes with a refractive error between +1.0 and −0.5 diopters were divided into three groups: pre-school children, grade-school children, and middle-school children. Ocular structures were measured using autorefraction and A-scan ultrasonography.</p></div><div class="ftSection"><span class="ftInlineSubsectionTitle">Results:</span><p>There was a negative correlation between age and corneal power (r = −0.227, <italic>P</italic> = .0001), lens thickness (r = −0.263, <italic>P</italic> = .00001), and Gullstrand lens power (r = −0.452, <italic>P</italic> << .0001). There was a positive correlation between age and axial length (r = −0.432, <italic>P</italic> << .0001) and vitreous chamber depth (r = 0.505, <italic>P</italic> << .0001). Mean corneal power (<italic>P</italic> < .001) and lens power (<italic>P</italic> < .001) were significantly greater in pre-school children than in grade-school children, whereas axial length (<italic>P</italic> < .001) and vitreous chamber depth (<italic>P</italic> < .001) were greater in grade-school children. Mean lens thickness (<italic>P</italic> = .01) and lens power (<italic>P</italic> = .07) were higher in grade-school children than in middle-school children, whereas axial length (<italic>P</italic> = .024) and vitreous chamber depth (<italic>P</italic> < .001) were higher in middle-school children.</p></div><div class="ftSection"><span class="ftInlineSubsectionTitle">Conclusion:</span><p>Ocular structures may play different roles in maintaining emmetropia. Accommodation during near work and its potential attendant hyperopic defocus could potentially drive eye elongation.</p></div>

Treatment effect of posterior scleral reinforcement on controlling myopia progression: A systematic review and meta-analysis

“…Preschool-age children had a lesser treatment effect than school-age children after PSR operation. Possible explanations for this observation are that AXL progression is fastest between the ages of 6 and 8 years, [21,22] and the baseline AXL of pre-school children is much less. Significant heterogeneity within the children subgroup was identified, which could be explained as the rate of eye growth differs with age.…”