Physical, chemical and physicochemical characterization of rice husk

Abstract

PurposeThis paper aims to investigate the physical, chemical and physicochemical characteristics of rice husk on alkaline treatment.Design/methodology/approachRice husk (RM) was alkaline treated to produce soluble (SR) and insoluble residues (IR). Each fraction was characterized and soluble fraction was used to produce nanofibres using electrospinning method.FindingsAlkaline treatment was effective in isolating insoluble dietary fibre rich IR from the other interfering substances such as soluble dietary fibre, protein and lipids that originally present in RM and leached into SR. The problem of silica induced toxicity and indigestibility of rice husk was overcome by alkaline treatment. Alkaline treatment altered the inherent mineral content (calcium, copper, iron, potassium, magnesium, manganese, sodium, phosphorus, zinc) of rice husk, and increased physicochemical properties such as emulsification ability and stability, water holding ability, mineral binding capacity (calcium, copper, iron, zinc), and antioxidant activity. SR had been successfully electrospun into nanofibres with the addition of polyvinyl alcohol.Originality/valueThe paper investigated the characteristic of rice husk (RM and IR) for the development of functional foods, pharmaceutical products and new bioactives delivery system at the expense of reducing environmental liability.

Characterization of Fibers from Pineapple's Crown, Rice Husks and Cotton Textile Residues

“…The rice husk is a by-product generated abundantly from rice milling industries and corresponds to about 20 wt % of the total rice production 7,8 . Most of these wastes of rice husk are disposed in a landfill and causes serious environmental pollution because of its difficult decomposition in the soil due to the high level of lignin and silica 7,9 ; iii) Textile industry generates a great amount of cotton waste which is mainly composed of cellulose (about 90 wt %) 10 . In the cotton spinning process, wastes are generated by taking a large volume in landfills.…”

“…These wastes were chosen because i) Brazil is the third largest producer of pineapple (Ananas comosus) with around 7% of the world production what represents the world's fifth tropical fruit in harvested area. In the pineapple fruit, the crown corresponds to about 25 wt % and it is disposed as waste [4][5][6] ; ii) rice is the third largest cereal crop of the world and the major staple diet which supplies 77.90 kg / capita / year of Asia population in 2007 [7] . The rice husk is a by-product generated abundantly from rice milling industries and corresponds to about 20 wt % of the total rice production 7,8 .…”

“…In the pineapple fruit, the crown corresponds to about 25 wt % and it is disposed as waste [4][5][6] ; ii) rice is the third largest cereal crop of the world and the major staple diet which supplies 77.90 kg / capita / year of Asia population in 2007 [7] . The rice husk is a by-product generated abundantly from rice milling industries and corresponds to about 20 wt % of the total rice production 7,8 . Most of these wastes of rice husk are disposed in a landfill and causes serious environmental pollution because of its difficult decomposition in the soil due to the high level of lignin and silica 7,9 ; iii) Textile industry generates a great amount of cotton waste which is mainly composed of cellulose (about 90 wt %) 10 .…”

The Food–Materials Nexus: Next Generation Bioplastics and Advanced Materials from Agri‐Food Residues

“…Among these processes, electrospinning has been reviewed in the context of (bio)polymer nanofibers, together with other spinning techniques. [507] Electrospinning of FLW components has been used to produce fibrous mats from rice husk, [508] okara and oil palm trunk and frond, [509] corncob and wheat straw, [510] PHBV resources from cheese whey, olive oil mill wastewater, products of fermentation of fruits, [511,512] and nanochitin. [245] Electrospinning and its variants involve high-voltage power and require an electrically conductive collector; thus, other spinning techniques are more versatile, portable, and cheaper.…”

Exploration of the Optimum Rice Husk Biochar for Atrazine and 2,4-D Removal: Different Pyrolysis and Modification Conditions

“…Rice husk is a waste material occurring in large quantities, the density of rice husk is 83-125 kg.m -3 ; the amount of water that can penetrate in rice husk ranges from 5 % to 16 % of unit weights [13]. The rice husk components contain approximately 40 % cellulose, 30 % lignin group, 20 % silica, and other minerals including calcium, copper, iron, potassium, magnesium, manganese, sodium, phosphorus, and zinc [13,14]. There are many reports related to biochar (corn straw and switchgrass biochar) used in the removal of 2,4-D and atrazine [15,16], however, some of them do not report high removal efficiency, therefore, finding good biochar is necessary for application in the herbicide removal.…”