Physical Complaints Decrease after Following a Few-Foods Diet in Children with ADHD

Pelsser, Lidy; Stobernack, Tim; Frankena, K.

doi:10.3390/nu14153036

Cited by 4 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 43 publications

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“…Food elimination diets have been one of the most studied dietetic interventions in ADHD [ 11 , 12 , 100 , 101 , 102 , 103 , 104 ]. They may vary in their specific content but take three main forms: (i) a single-food exclusion diet that excludes one suspected food; (ii) a multi-food exclusion diet, such as the six-food elimination diet, which eliminates the most common food allergens; and (iii) a “few-foods diet”, such as the oligoantigenic diet, which restricts a person’s diet to only a few less commonly consumed foods, such as lamb/venison, quinoa/rice, and others with low allergenic potential.…”

Section: Nutritional and Dietary Interventionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Pelsser et al [ 103 ] analyzed unpublished data from the INCA study and the Biomarker Research in ADHD: the Impact of Nutrition [BRAIN] study and found an association between the Few-Foods Diet (FFD) and a decrease in thermoregulation problems, gastrointestinal complaints, eczema, and sleep problems. The INCA results show a clinically relevant reduction in the FFD group compared to the control group and the open-label BRAIN results confirmed the outcomes of the FFD group.…”

Section: Nutritional and Dietary Interventionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Eating Patterns and Dietary Interventions in ADHD: A Narrative Review

et al. 2022

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Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) is one of the most common neurodevelopmental disorders in childhood, affecting ~7% of children and adolescents. Given its adverse health outcomes and high healthcare and societal costs, other treatment options beyond pharmacotherapy have been explored. Case-control studies have shown that dietary patterns may influence the risk of ADHD, and specific dietary interventions have been proposed as coadjuvant treatments in this disorder. These include nutritional supplements, gut microbiome-targeted interventions with biotics, and elimination diets. The purpose of this review is to examine which dietary patterns are most associated with ADHD and to summarize the existing evidence for the clinical use of dietary interventions. The literature showed that non-healthy dietary patterns were positively associated with ADHD, whereas healthy patterns were negatively associated. As for nutritional supplements, only vitamin D and vitamin D + magnesium appeared to improve ADHD symptoms when baseline levels of vitamin D were insufficient/deficient. Regarding biotics, evidence was only found for Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG and for multi-species probiotic supplementation. Elimination diets have scarce evidence and lead to nutritional deficiencies, so caution is advised. Overall, more robust scientific evidence is required for these dietary interventions to be implemented as part of ADHD therapy.

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Section: Nutritional and Dietary Interventionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Nutritional and Dietary Interventionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Eating Patterns and Dietary Interventions in ADHD: A Narrative Review

et al. 2022

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“…In participants whose ARS value decreased by more than 40% between T1 and T2, the diet was classified as successful [ 27 ]. These participants began the reintroduction phase (T2–T3) to re-establish their usual diet by using the following scheme: Every three to four days, a new food item was reintroduced in the following order: milk products, favorite food, egg, grain products, fish, meat, vegetables, fruits, nuts, and so on.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In some cases, medication can lead to negative side effects, such as sleep disturbances, loss of appetite, stomach complaints, nausea, and vomiting. Many factors play a role in the pathophysiology and treatment of ADHD: genetics, neurology [ 9 ], and psychology [ 10 ], but also food intolerances [ 5 , 9 , 10 , 11 , 12 , 13 , 14 , 15 , 16 , 17 , 18 , 19 , 20 , 21 , 22 , 23 , 24 , 25 , 26 , 27 , 28 , 29 , 30 , 31 , 32 ]. Already 100 years ago, Shannon [ 10 ] observed increased restlessness and sleep disturbances in children with food intolerances.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Long-Term Effects of an Oligoantigenic Diet in Children with Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) on Core Symptomatology

et al. 2022

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In the early 1920s, it was discovered that nutrition is associated with what is known today as Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) and that certain foods can worsen the symptoms. In previous studies, approximately 60% of the participants experience at least a 40% reduction in ADHD symptoms after an oligoantigenic diet (OD). The purpose of this study was to evaluate ADHD symptoms in children approximately 3.5 years after completing a 4-week oligoantigenic diet. Among 28 participants who completed the 4-week diet, 21 were re-assessed for this study after 3.5 years. The severity of ADHD symptoms was assessed with the ADHD-Rating-Scale-IV (ARS). Of 21 participants, 14 fulfilled the responder criterion, whereas 7 did not. At follow-up, 28% of the participants were taking medication. The mean ARS total score improved significantly from T1: M = 29.62 (SD = 9.80) to T2: M = 15.86 (SD = 8.56) between the time points before and after the diet (d = −1.91). There was also a lower ARS total score at the follow-up T5: M = 16.00 (SD = 10.52) compared to before the diet (d = −1.17). This study shows that individually adjusted nutrition significantly improved the ADHD symptomatology of the participants long-term. This suggests that an oligoantigenic diet with subsequent individual nutritional recommendations could become an additional treatment option for children with ADHD.

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“…In order to examine the effect of a few-foods diet on physical complaints, such as headache, asthma, rhinitis as well as gastrointestinal and sleep problems, unpublished data from previously published studies have recently been analyzed [ 79 ]. Children with ADHD either followed a 5-week few-foods diet or received advice on healthy nutrition.…”

Section: Few-foods Dietmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nutrition in the Management of ADHD: A Review of Recent Research

Lange,

Nakamura

et al. 2023

Curr Nutr Rep

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Purpose of Review Various nutrients and diet quality have been suggested to be involved in the pathophysiology of ADHD. The purpose of this review was to examine data from recent cohort studies and dietary interventions to determine whether nutrition may play a role in the management of ADHD. Recent Findings Preliminary evidence suggests that minerals might have beneficial effects on ADHD symptomatology. Probiotics might offer novel strategies to prevent or treat ADHD. Inverse associations between adherence to “healthy” diets and ADHD symptoms have been observed. Children with ADHD responding to the few-foods diet (or oligoantigenic diet) with an elimination of individually identified food items show substantially improved behavior and cognitive functioning. Summary Evidence from recent research does not allow any recommendations regarding the use of micronutrients or probiotics in the management of ADHD. The few-foods diet may become an additional therapeutic option for children with ADHD.

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Physical Complaints Decrease after Following a Few-Foods Diet in Children with ADHD

Cited by 4 publications

References 43 publications

Eating Patterns and Dietary Interventions in ADHD: A Narrative Review

Eating Patterns and Dietary Interventions in ADHD: A Narrative Review

Long-Term Effects of an Oligoantigenic Diet in Children with Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) on Core Symptomatology

Nutrition in the Management of ADHD: A Review of Recent Research

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