Physical conditioning in adolescents

Participation in sports in relation to adolescent growth and development

“…The peak increase in muscle strength follows a peak in muscle mass by about 12 months (2,8,15). Researchers have found that an adolescent's response to strength training optimal during SMR 4 and 5 in both male and female athletes (2,4,6,19,20). Some research has additionally shown that high intensity exercise in primary school children enhances musculoskeletal and metabolic outcomes in pre-and early-pubertal girls (21).…”

“…However, regular weight training may positively change the FM/FFM ratio and contribute to increase FFM. Aerobic capacity can be improved by endurance training and muscular strength may be improved by resistance training in children and adolescents (15,(18)(19)(20)57). However, gains in strength in pre-pubertal children may not be the result of muscle hypertrophy, rather more of a reflection of neuromuscular adaptation.…”

Comparison of Anthropometric Parameters Between Indian Adolescent Male Swimmers and Non-Swimmers: A Cross-Sectional Study

“…Regular swimming training or any other sports participation doesn't impact PHV timing, rate, and magnitude. However, it can always alter the physiological changes accompanying the same such as body composition, aerobic capacity, strength and flexibility [19], [20]. Recent literature does not recommend early specialisation for many sports and have rather reported counterproductive.…”

Sports Activities and Activity of Autonomic Nervous System in Cardiac Rhythm

“…뿐만 아 니라, 경기 스포츠의 고도화와 함께 운동선수에게 요구 되는 경기수준은 상당히 높아져 있으며, 이러한 높은 경기수준을 유지하고 보다 향상시키기 위해서는 고강 도 및 고빈도의 훈련이 필요하다 (Delisle et al, 2010). 이렇듯 스포츠 참가자의 확대와 스포츠 참가 목적의 다양화가 진행되어가고 있지만, 스포츠 활동에 있어서 체력이나 건강상태를 적절하게 준비해 놓은 상태 (conditioning)는 운동선수뿐만 아니라 레크리에이션 혹 은 건강을 위해서 스포츠에 참여하는 일반인에게 체력 수준이나 경기수준을 불문하고 보다 좋은 경기력의 발 휘나 안전성의 확보라는 점에서 매우 중요하다 (Purcell & Hergenroeder, 1994;Stone & Kilding, 2009). 자율신경계(autonomic nervous system)는 생체에 가해 지는 스트레스에 생체제어 및 생체방어를 위해서 짧은 잠 복기(latency period)에서 작동하는 조절기구이다 (Malpas, 2010).…”