Physical differences in the deep lithosphere of Northern and Central Europe

Gregersen, Søren; Voß, Peter; Shomali, Zaher Hossein; Grad, M.; Roberts, Roland

doi:10.1144/gsl.mem.2006.032.01.18

Cited by 12 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 45 publications

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“…For temporary passive experiments, this is even bigger problem, due to the limited number of events. Usually during 1 year of a campaign, only about few tens of good quality records, with magnitude M≥5.5, are collected Gregersen et al 2006;Wilde-Piórko et al 2008 (2005) and Geissler et al (2008) differ only by about ±1 km; however, in other regions, differences can reach more than ±5 km, as is the case for Greenland (Dahl-Jensen et al 2003;Kumar et al 2007). & In seismic refraction and wide angle reflection method observed PmP waves are weak for weak contrast at the Moho (gradient Moho zone).…”

Section: Discussion Of the Deviations Uncertainties And Errorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Moho depth of the European Plate from teleseismic receiver functions

Grad

Tiira

2011

J Seismol

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Section: Discussion Of the Deviations Uncertainties And Errorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Moho depth of the European Plate from teleseismic receiver functions

Grad

Tiira

2011

J Seismol

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“…This general observation applies to the study area where the lithosphere is significantly thinner and Moho significantly shallower under the Norwegian–Danish Basin than under the South Swedish Dome and the Southern Scandes (e.g. Cloetingh et al , 2006; Gregersen et al , 2006). The large amplitude of the late Neogene tilting of the sedimentary sequences away from Scandinavia cannot be accounted for by intra‐plate stress variations, but is consistent with a dynamic topographic response to movements within the upper mantle (Stoker et al , 2005).…”

Section: Synchronous Cenozoic Exhumation Episodes Onshore and Offshorementioning

confidence: 99%

Mesozoic–Cenozoic exhumation events in the eastern North Sea Basin: a multi‐disciplinary study based on palaeothermal, palaeoburial, stratigraphic and seismic data

Japsen¹,

Green²,

Nielsen³

et al. 2007

Basin Research

122

193

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Four Mesozoic–Cenozoic palaeothermal episodes related to deeper burial and subsequent exhumation and one reflecting climate change during the Eocene have been identified in a study of new apatite fission‐track analysis (AFTA®) and vitrinite reflectance data in eight Danish wells. The study combined thermal‐history reconstruction with exhumation studies based on palaeoburial data (sonic velocities) and stratigraphic and seismic data. Mid‐Jurassic exhumation (ca. 175 Ma) was caused by regional doming of the North Sea area, broadly contemporaneous with deep exhumation in Scandinavia. A palaeogeothermal gradient of 45 °C km−1 at that time may be related to a mantle plume rising before rifting in the North Sea. Mid‐Cretaceous exhumation affecting the Sorgenfrei–Tornquist Zone is probably related to late Albian tectonic movements (ca. 100 Ma). The Sole Pit axis in the southern North Sea experienced similar inversion and this suggests a plate‐scale response along crustal weakness zones across NW Europe. Mid‐Cenozoic exhumation affected the eastern North Sea Basin and the onset of this event correlates with a latest Oligocene unconformity (ca. 24 Ma), which indicates a major Scandinavian uplift phase. The deeper burial that caused the late Oligocene thermal event recognized in the AFTA data reflect progradation of lower Oligocene wedges derived from the uplifting Scandinavian landmass. The onset of Scandinavian uplift is represented by an earliest Oligocene unconformity (ca. 33 Ma). Late Neogene exhumation affected the eastern (and western) North Sea Basin including Scandinavia. The sedimentation pattern in the central North Sea Basin shows that this phase began in the early Pliocene (ca. 4 Ma), in good agreement with the AFTA data. These three phases of Cenozoic uplift of Scandinavia also affected the NE Atlantic margin, whereas an intra‐Miocene unconformity (ca. 15 Ma) on the NE Atlantic margin reflects tectonic movements of only minor amplitude in that area. The study demonstrates that only by considering episodic exhumation as an inherent aspect of the sedimentary record can the tectonic evolution be accurately reconstructed.

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“…Existing data on experimentally studied lower crustal and mantle composition and 3-D structure derived from xenolith data, lithospheric thermal models Hieronymus et al, 2007) and seismic studies (Bruneton et al, 2004;Sandoval et al, 2004;Yliniemi et al, 2004;Hjelt et al, 2006;Pedersen et al, 2006;Plomerova et al, 2006;Gregersen et al, 2006;Janik et al, 2007;Olsson et al, 2007) should be utilized for forward rheological modelling of the lithosphere and for testing of dynamic uplift models. The presence and volume of fluids in the upper mantle and the influence of fluids on the mantle rheology is an open question.…”

Section: Evidence From Geophysical Observations Of Lithosphere Structurementioning

confidence: 99%

DynaQlim – Upper Mantle Dynamics and Quaternary Climate in Cratonic Areas

Poutanen

Dransch

Gregersen

et al. 2009

New Frontiers in Integrated Solid Earth Sciences

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The isostatic adjustment of the solid Earth to the glacial loading (GIA, Glacial Isostatic Adjustment) with its temporal signature offers a great opportunity to retrieve information of Earth's upper mantle to the changing mass of glaciers and ice sheets, which in turn is driven by variations in Quaternary climate. DynaQlim (Upper Mantle Dynamics and Quaternary Climate in Cratonic Areas) has its focus to study the relations between upper mantle dynamics, its composition and physical properties, temperature, rheology, and Quaternary climate. Its regional focus lies on the cratonic areas of northern Canada and Scandinavia.Geodetic methods like repeated precise levelling, tide gauges, high-resolution observations of recent movements, gravity change and monitoring of postglacial faults have given information on the GIA process for more than 100 years. They are accompanied by more recent techniques like GPS observations and the GRACE and GOCE satellite missions which provide additional global and regional constraints on the gravity field. Combining geodetic observations with seismological investigations, studies of the postglacial faults and continuum mechanical modelling of GIA, DynaQlim offers new insights into properties of the lithosphere. Another step toward a better understanding of GIA has been the joint inversion of different types of observational data -preferentially connected with geological relative sea-level evidence of the Earth's rebound during the last 10,000 years.Due to the changes in the lithospheric stress state large faults ruptured violently at the end of the last M. Poutanen ( ) Finnish Geodetic Institute, Geodeetinrinne 2, 02430 Masala, Finland e-mail: markku.poutanen@fgi.fi glaciation in large earthquakes, up to the magnitudes M W = 7-8. Whether the rebound stress is still able to trigger a significant fraction of intraplate seismic events in these regions is not completely understood due to the complexity and spatial heterogeneity of the regional stress field. Understanding of this mechanism is of societal importance.Glacial ice sheet dynamics are constrained by the coupled process of the deformation of the viscoelastic solid Earth, the ocean and climate variability. Exactly how the climate and oceans reorganize to sustain growth of ice sheets that ground to continents and shallow continental shelves is poorly understood. Incorporation of nonlinear feedback in modelling both ocean heat transport systems and atmospheric CO 2 is a major challenge. Climate-related loading cycles and episodes are expected to be important, hence also more shortterm features of palaeoclimate should be explicitly treated.

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Physical differences in the deep lithosphere of Northern and Central Europe

Cited by 12 publications

References 45 publications

Moho depth of the European Plate from teleseismic receiver functions

Moho depth of the European Plate from teleseismic receiver functions

Mesozoic–Cenozoic exhumation events in the eastern North Sea Basin: a multi‐disciplinary study based on palaeothermal, palaeoburial, stratigraphic and seismic data

DynaQlim – Upper Mantle Dynamics and Quaternary Climate in Cratonic Areas

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