Physical Disability, Psychological Resilience, and COVID-Related Changes in Depressive Symptoms Among U.S. Older Adults

Li, Miao; Luo, Ye

doi:10.1093/geronb/gbad025

Cited by 5 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 47 publications

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“…The PRTS+ group also reported poorer general health, decreased physical functioning, greater sleep disturbance, and more subjective impairment in instrumental activities of daily living (IADLs). These findings are consistent with other studies indicating that pandemic-related chronic stress among older adults is associated with poorer sleep ( Kuo et al, 2023 ), and greater physical disability is correlated with larger pandemic-related increases in depressive symptoms ( Li and Luo, 2023 ). Although we did not perform objective assessments of cardiovascular health and cognitive function during the pandemic, our findings suggest that older adults with PRTS experienced poorer subjective general health and cognitive functioning.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Post-traumatic stress in older, community-dwelling adults with hypertension during the COVID-19 pandemic: An investigation of pre-pandemic sociodemographic, health, and vascular and inflammatory biomarker predictors

Troyer,

Kohn,

Castillo

et al. 2023

J Health Psychol

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COVID-19 pandemic-related traumatic stress (PRTS) symptoms are reported in various populations, but risk factors in older adults with chronic medical conditions, remain understudied. We therefore examined correlates and pre-pandemic predictors of PRTS in older adults with hypertension during COVID-19. Participants in California, aged 61–92 years ( n = 95), participated in a pre-pandemic healthy aging trial and later completed a COVID-19 assessment (May to September 2020). Those experiencing ⩾1 PRTS symptom ( n = 40), and those without PRTS symptoms ( n = 55), were compared. The PRTS+ group had poorer mental and general health and greater impairment in instrumental activities of daily living. Pre-pandemic biomarkers of vascular inflammation did not predict increased odds of PRTS; however, greater pre-pandemic anxiety and female gender did predict PRTS during COVID-19. Our findings highlight PRTS as a threat to healthy aging in older adults with hypertension; targeted approaches are needed to mitigate this burden, particularly for females and those with pre-existing anxiety.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Post-traumatic stress in older, community-dwelling adults with hypertension during the COVID-19 pandemic: An investigation of pre-pandemic sociodemographic, health, and vascular and inflammatory biomarker predictors

Troyer,

Kohn,

Castillo

et al. 2023

J Health Psychol

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“…The majority of studies investigating the relationship between disability, depression, and loneliness tend to define disability as a binary concept ( Li & Luo, 2023 ; Xiang et al, 2021 ). The sentiment analysis of this study revealed a broad range of emotions exhibited during the interviews with each participant.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Perceived Challenges and Emotional Responses in the Daily Lives of Older Adults With Disabilities: A Text Mining Study

Choi

2024

Gerontology and Geriatric Medicine

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This study explored the daily challenges and emotional reactions experienced by older adults living with various disabilities, employing both traditional and text mining approaches to ensure rigorous interpretation of qualitative data. In addition to employing a traditional qualitative data analysis method, such as thematic analysis, this paper also leveraged a text mining approach. By utilizing topic modeling and sentiment analysis, the study attempted to mitigate potential researcher bias and diminishes subjectivity in interpreting qualitative data. The findings indicated that older adults with visual impairments predominantly encountered challenges related to navigation, technology utilization, and online shopping. Individuals with hearing impairments chiefly struggled with communicating with healthcare providers, while those with mobility impairments face significant barriers in public participation and managing personal hygiene, such as showering. A prevailing sentiment of negative emotional states was identifiable among all participant groups, with those having visual impairments exhibiting more pronounced negative language patterns. The challenges perceived by participants varied depending on the types of disabilities they have. This study can serve as a valuable reference for researchers interested in a mixed-method strategy that combines conventional qualitative analysis with machine-assisted text analysis, illuminating the varied daily experiences and needs of the older adult population with disabilities.

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“…1,[9][10][11] Pre-COVID-19-pandemic resilience has been associated with lower COVID-19-related anxiety and depression. 12,13 In one study of 1,270 older adults (age 55+), resilience was associated with better mental health outcomes at five subsequent timepoints between April and June, 2020. 14 With respect to having a sense of meaning and purpose (meaning-and-purpose), this was found to be a latent protective factor for developing symptoms, and negatively associated with anxiety and depression.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Resilience and Meaning-and-Purpose 5-6 Months into the COVID-19 Disaster: The Moderating Role of Having a Pre-existing Mental Health Condition in a Cross-sectional Survey Study (Preprint)

Gray,

Murphy,

Gomes

et al. 2024

Preprint

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BACKGROUND As with other natural disasters, including epidemics in recent history, rates of anxiety and depression increased significantly at the beginning of the COVID-19 pandemic. Studies of resilience and meaning and purpose during the early months of COVID-19 found that these positive psychology constructs are generally negatively associated with anxiety and depression. However, there are risk factors for resilience that may alter this association, such as having a pre-existing mental health condition. OBJECTIVE Our goals were to examine the relationship between strengths-based psychological factors (resilience and meaning-and-purpose) and anxiety and depression symptoms, 5-6 months following the US COVID-19 emergency declaration (August-September, 2020) in a sample of adults in the Midwest. METHODS Adults (≥18 years of age) were recruited via flyers, emails, and word of mouth to participate in daily polls assessing attitudes about the pandemic and monthly surveys measuring anxiety, depression, resilience, and meaning-and-purpose. A study community advisory board identified local resources and recommended new poll questions to coincide with changes in pandemic trends. The current study examines mental health survey data from participants who enrolled between August 1–September 30, 2020. RESULTS Participants (N=106; Asian (0.9%), Black (45.3%), Latine/Hispanic (6.6%), White (42.5%), Mixed/Multiple (2.8%), and Other (2.8%)) reported anxiety and depression in the mild ranges. In a regression analysis, meaning-and-purpose (P=.002) was significantly, negatively associated with anxiety, and both resilience (BRS; P=.02) and meaning-and-purpose (P<.001) were significantly, negatively associated with depression over and above relevant demographic covariates. Additionally, the moderation between having a self-reported, pre-existing mental health condition and resilience (P=.01) was significantly associated with anxiety, such that those who reported a mental health condition tended towards greater anxiety as resilience increased, while those who did not report a mental health condition tended towards lower anxiety as resilience increased. CONCLUSIONS Consistent with previous literature from the initial pandemic period, our data found that resilience and meaning-and-purpose were significantly, negatively associated with mental health outcomes. Furthermore, the association between resilience and anxiety was moderated by having a self-reported, pre-existing mental health condition. Therefore, in studying resilience in a disaster context, having a pre-existing mental health condition is a salient risk factor to consider. Findings specifically contribute to our understanding of resilience during a longer-term disaster (e.g., pandemic). Further research is warranted to better understand how the protective benefits of resilience may be differentially experienced by those with and without a pre-existing mental health condition.

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Physical Disability, Psychological Resilience, and COVID-Related Changes in Depressive Symptoms Among U.S. Older Adults

Cited by 5 publications

References 47 publications

Post-traumatic stress in older, community-dwelling adults with hypertension during the COVID-19 pandemic: An investigation of pre-pandemic sociodemographic, health, and vascular and inflammatory biomarker predictors

Post-traumatic stress in older, community-dwelling adults with hypertension during the COVID-19 pandemic: An investigation of pre-pandemic sociodemographic, health, and vascular and inflammatory biomarker predictors

Perceived Challenges and Emotional Responses in the Daily Lives of Older Adults With Disabilities: A Text Mining Study

Resilience and Meaning-and-Purpose 5-6 Months into the COVID-19 Disaster: The Moderating Role of Having a Pre-existing Mental Health Condition in a Cross-sectional Survey Study (Preprint)

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