Physical Dormancy in Seeds of the Holoparasitic Angiosperm Cuscuta australis (Convolvulaceae, Cuscuteae): Dormancy-breaking Requirements, Anatomy of the Water Gap and Sensitivity Cycling

Jayasuriya, K.M.G. Gehan; Baskin, Jerry M.; Geneve, Robert L.; Baskin, Carol C.; Chien, Ching‐Te

doi:10.1093/aob/mcn064

Cited by 51 publications

(59 citation statements)

References 42 publications

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“…initial route of water into the seed after PY is broken) in seeds of S. angulatus (X. Qu, unpubl. 2008), as it is in Cuscuta australis (Jayasuriya et al . 2008), was the only place for entrance of water into the seed (Fig.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Whole‐seed development in Sicyos angulatus (Cucurbitaceae, Sicyeae) and a comparison with the development of water‐impermeable seeds in five other families

Qu¹,

Baskin²,

Baskin

2010

Plant Species Biology

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Sicyos is the only member of the Cucurbitaceae known to have water-impermeable seeds, that is, physical dormancy (PY), and development of seeds with PY has not been studied in detail in this family. Our primary aim was to describe seed development in Sicyos angulatus from pollination to seed maturity and to compare it with the development of water-impermeable seeds in other families reported in the literature. Full seed stage (highest moisture content [MC]) occurred 4-6 days after pollination (DAP) and physiological maturity occurred 20 DAP. Seeds became water impermeable 32 DAP, with 14.6% MC. The hilum was the site of water loss during the final stage of maturation drying. Excised embryos could germinate from 20 DAP to 36 DAP, whereas no intact seeds germinated during any stage of seed development. Mechanical scarification did not promote germination of seeds after the seed coat became water impermeable at 32-36 DAP. Based on a previous study of seed dormancy and germination in S. angulatus, we suggest that germination in these scarified seeds may have been prevented by resistance of inner membrane and fruit-seed coat to embryo expansion. The MC when seeds became impermeable (14.6%) is in the range of that reported for seeds of species in five other families with PY. Information on seed development in S. angulatus will be useful in planning the timing of management strategies for this pernicious annual weed.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Whole‐seed development in Sicyos angulatus (Cucurbitaceae, Sicyeae) and a comparison with the development of water‐impermeable seeds in five other families

Qu¹,

Baskin²,

Baskin

2010

Plant Species Biology

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“…Conceptual models of sensitivity cycling find dormancy break are shown in figures 11 and 12. Heretofore, seeds of species that belong to distantly related tribes of Convolvulaceae (sensu Stefanovic et al 2003) were reported to cycle between insensitivity and sensitivity to dormancy-breaking treatment {Ipomoea laciinosa |Ipomoeeae; Jayasuriya et al 2ÜÜ8IÍ|, Cuscuta australis |Ciiscuteae; Jayasuriya et al 2008c], and jacquemontia ovalifolia ¡Jacquemonteae; Jayasuriya et al 2008 b\]. Ipomoea bederacea and /.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sensitivity Cycling and Mechanism of Physical Dormancy Break in Seeds ofIpomoea hederacea(Convolvulaceae)

Jayasuriya¹,

Baskin

Geneve

et al. 2009

International Journal of Plant Sciences

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Sensitivity cycling to physical dormancy (PY) break in seeds is known to occur in some Fabaceae and Convolvulaceae species. PY in seeds of species of Convolvulaceae and of some other angiosperm plant families can he broken by storing them dry. However, the mechanism of opening the warer gap In the seed coat (dormancy break) during dry storage has not been investigated. In research reported here, we determined whether sensitivity cycling occurs in seeds of Ipomoea hederacea (Convolvulaceae) and investigated the effect of dry storage on opening of the water gap. Seeds can cycle between insensitive and sensitive states to dormancy break, and dormancy can be broken in sensitive seeds by storing them dry at high to moderate temperatures. Seeds with the lower part of the hilum blocked lost a minimal amount of water during storage. Percentage water loss was significantly correlated with percentage dormancy break. Desorption of water through the hilar fissure during dry storage reduced the vapor pressure below the bulges (water gap), which caused slits to form around the bulges (opening of water gap). The amount of water desorption was low in insensitive seeds because the hilar fissure remained closed and thus the water gap did not open.

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“…No germination of those seeds was recorded at low temperatures (5ºC, 10ºC and 15ºC) or high temperatures (40ºC and 45ºC) and the percentage of germination was highest at 30ºC (20.63%). On the other hand, dry storage for two months had been found in another study to result in 65% germinated seeds of Cuscuta australis, while weak germination (8-9%) was found after moist storage (Jayasuriya et al, 2008). The authors found that C. australis seeds dipped in boiling water for a period of 10 s increased germination to 75%, while the percentage of germinated seeds decreased with increasing duration of dipping (15 s and 20 s).…”

Section: Results and Disscusionmentioning

confidence: 91%

Temperature effects on Cuscuta campestris Yunk. seed germination

Sarić-Krsmanović

Božić

Pavlović

et al. 2013

Pesticidi i fitomedicina

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SUMMARYStudies of biological characteristics of seeds and conditions for their germination have a major importance for planning and executing rational measures of weed control. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of different temperatures on germination of C. campestris seeds. Three treatments (T 1 -storage at room temperature; T 2 -exposure to 4°C for 30 days; T 3 -scarification by concentrated sulphuric acid) differing in manipulation with seeds before germination were tested at different temperatures (5°C, 10°C, 15°C, 20°C, 25°C, 30°C, 35°C, 40°C, 45°C). Germinated seeds were counted daily for ten days and the length of seedlings was measured on the last day. The results showed that differences in germination of C. campestris seeds were very prominent between temperatures, as well as between treatments T 1 , T 2 and T 3. Seeds failed to germinate at 5°C and 45°C in all treatments (T 1 , T 2 , T 3 ). Germination ranged from 6.25 at 10°C to 96.88%, the highest percentage, achieved at 30°C.

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Physical Dormancy in Seeds of the Holoparasitic Angiosperm Cuscuta australis (Convolvulaceae, Cuscuteae): Dormancy-breaking Requirements, Anatomy of the Water Gap and Sensitivity Cycling

Abstract: Whereas bulges adjacent to the micropyle act as the water gap in other species of Convolvulaceae with physical dormancy, the hilar fissure serves this function in Cuscuta. Cuscuta australis can cycle between insensitivity <--> sensitivity to dormancy-breaking treatments.

Cited by 51 publications

References 42 publications

Whole‐seed development in Sicyos angulatus (Cucurbitaceae, Sicyeae) and a comparison with the development of water‐impermeable seeds in five other families

Whole‐seed development in Sicyos angulatus (Cucurbitaceae, Sicyeae) and a comparison with the development of water‐impermeable seeds in five other families

Sensitivity Cycling and Mechanism of Physical Dormancy Break in Seeds ofIpomoea hederacea(Convolvulaceae)

Temperature effects on Cuscuta campestris Yunk. seed germination

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