Physical Employment Standards for UK Firefighters

Stevenson, R. M.; Siddall, Andrew G.; Turner, Philip J.; Bilzon, James L. J.

doi:10.1097/jom.0000000000000926

Cited by 40 publications

(48 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…Indeed, due to time restrictions, it was also not possible to collect strength or muscular endurance performance data from the firefighters used in this study. This may have been useful, allowing the determination of the effects of multiple fitness characteristics on FFST performance, particularly as both strength and muscular endurance have been reported to be important determinants of firefighting performance in specific tasks (Stevenson, Siddall, Turner, & Bilzon, 2017).…”

Section: Despite the Strong Relationship Between Ffst Performance Andmentioning

confidence: 99%

Validity and Reliability of Firefighting Simulation Test Performance

Stevenson¹,

Siddall

Turner

et al. 2019

Journal of Occupational &Amp; Environmental Medicine

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Objective To assess the validity and reliability of a firefighting simulation test (FFST).Methods Sixty-nine operational firefighters completed a best-effort FFST on one occasion and twenty-two participants completed a further FFST. All participants completed a maximal treadmill test to determine cardiorespiratory fitness (VO 2 max). Results Time to complete the FFST demonstrated a strong inverse relationship with VO 2 max (r = -0.73), although the prediction error was high. Reliability of the FFST was high (r = 0.84, p = 0.01), demonstrating a coefficient of variation of 4.5%. Conclusions The FFST demonstrated reasonable validity as a surrogate assessment of cardiorespiratory fitness for firefighting. The FFST also demonstrated good reliability. Given the apparent magnitude of the prediction error, the FFST would be best used as a training tool, rather than as a primary means of assessing cardiorespiratory fitness for firefighting.

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Section: Despite the Strong Relationship Between Ffst Performance Andmentioning

confidence: 99%

Validity and Reliability of Firefighting Simulation Test Performance

Stevenson¹,

Siddall

Turner

et al. 2019

Journal of Occupational &Amp; Environmental Medicine

Self Cite

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“…In addition to the absolute and relative loads from the 1RM HBD, peak power was also measured and correlated with the body drags. Even though participants in this study were not law enforcement recruits or officers, previous research has also used civilians in lieu of tactical personnel or athletes, with the expectation that physical qualities important for tactical tasks would be consistent across males and females from similar population demographics (Mala et al, 2015; Stevenson et al, 2017; Williams-Bell et al, 2009). Furthermore, law enforcement agencies do recruit from the general population.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This study did not use law enforcement recruits, although as stated, this approach has been adopted in other studies (Mala et al, 2015; Stevenson et al, 2017; Williams-Bell et al, 2009). This is because the physical qualities important for a tactical task should be similar whether they are performed by a tactical operator or recruit, or a civilian (Stevenson et al, 2017). The sample size was relatively small (N = 20), although this still provided an initial analysis of the potential influence of strength on an essential task for tactical populations.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Participants were recruited from the student population at the university via information sessions on campus and word-of-mouth amongst the students. Similar to previous research, physically active and healthy volunteers were used as surrogates for a tactical population (Mala et al, 2015; Stevenson et al, 2017; Williams-Bell et al, 2009). The recruitment of civilians allowed for similar proportions of males and females with divergent physical abilities (Stevenson et al, 2017).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Similar to previous research, physically active and healthy volunteers were used as surrogates for a tactical population (Mala et al, 2015; Stevenson et al, 2017; Williams-Bell et al, 2009). The recruitment of civilians allowed for similar proportions of males and females with divergent physical abilities (Stevenson et al, 2017). G*Power software (v3.1.9.2, Universität Kiel, Germany) confirmed post hoc that the sample size of 20 was sufficient for a correlation, point biserial model, and ensured the data could be interpreted with a moderate effect level of 0.50 (Hopkins, 2004), and a power level of 0.80 when significance was set at 0.05 (Faul et al, 2007).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A Preliminary Analysis of Relationships between a 1RM Hexagonal Bar Load and Peak Power with the Tactical Task of a Body Drag

Lockie

Balfany

Denamur

et al. 2019

Journal of Human Kinetics

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A critical job task for law enforcement officers that should be influenced by strength is the body drag. This study analyzed relationships between absolute and relative strength measured by a one-repetition maximum hexagonal bar deadlift (1RM HBD), with body drags completed with 74.84 kg and 90.72 kg dummies. Twenty recreationally-trained individuals completed the 1RM HBD in one session, with peak power measured via a linear position transducer. Over two subsequent sessions, participants dragged the 74.84 kg and 90.72 kg dummies with two techniques. The first technique followed Californian standards, where participants wrapped their arms around the dummy and lifted it to standing before timing commenced. In the adapted technique, timing included the initial manipulation of the dummy. Participants dragged the dummy as quickly as possible over a 9.75 m distance. Partial correlations and linear regression (controlling for sex; p < 0.05) analyzed relationships between the HBD and body drags. The standard 74.84 kg body drag correlated with every HBD variable (r = -0.477 to -0.666), and was predicted by the absolute 1RM HBD (r2 = 0.467). The adapted 74.84 kg drag correlated with all HBD variables (r = -0.535 to - 0.754), and was predicted by peak power and the 1RM HBD (r2 = 0.758). Both 90.72 kg drags correlated with absolute and relative 1RM HBD (r = -0.517 to -0.670). Strength related to all body drags; peak power may be more important for drags with lighter loads. Strength training should be a focus in law enforcement to enhance drag performance.

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Consensus on tasks to be included in a return to work assessment for a UK firefighter following an injury: an online Delphi study

Noll

Mallows

Moran

2021

Int Arch Occup Environ Health

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Objective The aim was to provide a consensus tasks needed to be included in a return to work assessment for operational firefighters. Methods A two round online Delphi study was conducted with twenty-four participants including firefighters, service fitness advisers and occupational health managers. A consensus was set at 70% agreement. In round one, participants completed an online survey relating to tasks to be included during a return to work assessment for firefighters following an injury. Round two was an online consensus meeting to discuss the tasks where consensus was not achieved. Results A consensus was reached for ten of the thirteen tasks, including the number of repetitions required when lifting a light portable pump and climbing a ladder. A consensus was reached for the total distance equipment which should be carried. This included carrying a ladder, a hose and a light portable pump. Conclusions This study has provided a consensus for tasks to be included when assessing a firefighter for return to work. Further research is needed to understand how to use this assessment optimally

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Physical Employment Standards for UK Firefighters

Cited by 40 publications

References 23 publications

Validity and Reliability of Firefighting Simulation Test Performance

Validity and Reliability of Firefighting Simulation Test Performance

A Preliminary Analysis of Relationships between a 1RM Hexagonal Bar Load and Peak Power with the Tactical Task of a Body Drag

Consensus on tasks to be included in a return to work assessment for a UK firefighter following an injury: an online Delphi study

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