Physical Exercise: A Novel Tool to Protect Mitochondrial Health

Sorriento, Daniela; Vaia, E; Iaccarino, Guido

doi:10.3389/fphys.2021.660068

Cited by 63 publications

(45 citation statements)

References 157 publications

(199 reference statements)

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Approaches to improve mitochondrial function are divided into two groups: pharmacological and non-pharmacological interventions. Non-drug strategies are primarily aimed at shifting lifestyle towards more physically active behavior, which has a beneficial effect on improving mitochondrial function and increasing the number of mitochondria [65]. Research has shown that complex lifestyle interventions can improve cognitive function in older people at increased risk of dementia.…”

Section: Potential Therapeutic Strategies To Restore Mitochondrial Fu...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Role of Impaired Mitochondrial Dynamics Processes in the Pathogenesis of Alzheimer’s Disease

Blagov

Grechko

Nikiforov

et al. 2022

IJMS

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Mitochondrial dysfunction is now recognized as a contributing factor to neurodegenerative diseases, including Alzheimer’s disease (AD). Mitochondria are signaling organelles with a variety of functions ranging from energy production to the regulation of cellular metabolism, energy homeostasis, and response to stress. The successful functioning of these complex processes is critically dependent on the accuracy of mitochondrial dynamics, which includes the ability of mitochondria to change shape and position in the cell, which is necessary to maintain proper function and quality control, especially in polarized cells such as neurons. There has been much evidence to suggest that the disruption of mitochondrial dynamics may play a critical role in the pathogenesis of AD. This review highlights aspects of altered mitochondrial dynamics in AD that may contribute to the etiology of this debilitating condition. We also discuss therapeutic strategies to improve mitochondrial dynamics and function that may provide an alternative treatment approach.

show abstract

Section: Potential Therapeutic Strategies To Restore Mitochondrial Fu...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Role of Impaired Mitochondrial Dynamics Processes in the Pathogenesis of Alzheimer’s Disease

Blagov

Grechko

Nikiforov

et al. 2022

IJMS

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Exercise has strong pleiotropic effects on mitochondrial health in many cell types, including neurons and non-neuronal cells in the central and peripheral nervous systems [ 48 ]. Exercise increases mitochondrial antioxidant capacity, electron transport chain efficiency, and biogenesis and decreases oxidative stress and mtDNA damage [ 49 ]. Specifically, exercise promoted neurogenesis and hippocampal plasticity via improvements in mitochondrial function in a mouse model [ 50 ].…”

Section: Neurophysiological Mechanismsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mechanisms, Mediators, and Moderators of the Effects of Exercise on Chemotherapy-Induced Peripheral Neuropathy

Chung

Park

Streckmann

et al. 2022

Cancers

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathy (CIPN) is an adverse effect of neurotoxic antineoplastic agents commonly used to treat cancer. Patients with CIPN experience debilitating signs and symptoms, such as combinations of tingling, numbness, pain, and cramping in the hands and feet that inhibit their daily function. Among the limited prevention and treatment options for CIPN, exercise has emerged as a promising new intervention that has been investigated in approximately two dozen clinical trials to date. As additional studies test and suggest the efficacy of exercise in treating CIPN, it is becoming more critical to develop mechanistic understanding of the effects of exercise in order to tailor it to best treat CIPN symptoms and identify who will benefit most. To address the current lack of clarity around the effect of exercise on CIPN, we reviewed the key potential mechanisms (e.g., neurophysiological and psychosocial factors), mediators (e.g., anti-inflammatory cytokines, self-efficacy, and social support), and moderators (e.g., age, sex, body mass index, physical fitness, exercise dose, exercise adherence, and timing of exercise) that may illuminate the relationship between exercise and CIPN improvement. Our review is based on the studies that tested the use of exercise for patients with CIPN, patients with other types of neuropathies, and healthy adults. The discussion presented herein may be used to (1) guide oncologists in predicting which symptoms are best targeted by specific exercise programs, (2) enable clinicians to tailor exercise prescriptions to patients based on specific characteristics, and (3) inform future research and biomarkers on the relationship between exercise and CIPN.

show abstract

“…Moreover, previous studies have demonstrated that physical exercise (resistance and aerobic training) influence mitochondrial function and immune–inflammatory responses [ 124 ] through an important cellular process called mitochondria quality control [ 125 ]. This process includes the modification of mitochondrial proteins, mitochondrial dynamics, and autophagy [ 126 ], which leads to the control of the production of free radicals by creating antioxidant networks [ 127 ] (see Figure 2 ). As previously discussed, BDNF signalling through exercise plays a major role in neurogenesis, and the maintenance of cerebral BDNF levels is important for effective neural function [ 128 ].…”

Section: The Inhibition Of Oxidative Stress Through Exercise: the Inf...mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Moreover, Erickson et al [ 143 ] reported that PA training improves spatial memory function and reduces age-related hippocampal tissue loss in older adults. Furthermore, it is well established that PA is a potent stimulus to induce different signalling pathways that produce phenotypic changes in the mitochondria, leading to greater muscle health [ 126 ]. However, different methodological aspects of PA such as intensity and duration can exert different mitochondrial changes [ 140 ].…”

Section: The Inhibition Of Oxidative Stress Through Exercise: the Inf...mentioning

confidence: 99%

The Therapeutic Role of Exercise and Probiotics in Stressful Brain Conditions

Martínez-Guardado

Arboleya

Grijota

et al. 2022

IJMS

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Oxidative stress has been recognized as a contributing factor in aging and in the progression of multiple neurological disorders such as Parkinson’s disease, Alzheimer’s dementia, ischemic stroke, and head and spinal cord injury. The increased production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) has been associated with mitochondrial dysfunction, altered metal homeostasis, and compromised brain antioxidant defence. All these changes have been reported to directly affect synaptic activity and neurotransmission in neurons, leading to cognitive dysfunction. In this context two non-invasive strategies could be employed in an attempt to improve the aforementioned stressful brain status. In this regard, it has been shown that exercise could increase the resistance against oxidative stress, thus providing enhanced neuroprotection. Indeed, there is evidence suggesting that regular physical exercise diminishes BBB permeability as it reinforces antioxidative capacity, reduces oxidative stress, and has anti-inflammatory effects. However, the differential effects of different types of exercise (aerobic exhausted exercise, anaerobic exercise, or the combination of both types) and the duration of physical activity will be also addressed in this review as likely determinants of therapeutic efficacy. The second proposed strategy is related to the use of probiotics, which can also reduce some biomarkers of oxidative stress and inflammatory cytokines, although their underlying mechanisms of action remain unclear. Moreover, various probiotics produce neuroactive molecules that directly or indirectly impact signalling in the brain. In this review, we will discuss how physical activity can be incorporated as a component of therapeutic strategies in oxidative stress-based neurological disorders along with the augmentation of probiotics intake.

show abstract

Physical Exercise: A Novel Tool to Protect Mitochondrial Health

Cited by 63 publications

References 157 publications

Role of Impaired Mitochondrial Dynamics Processes in the Pathogenesis of Alzheimer’s Disease

Role of Impaired Mitochondrial Dynamics Processes in the Pathogenesis of Alzheimer’s Disease

Mechanisms, Mediators, and Moderators of the Effects of Exercise on Chemotherapy-Induced Peripheral Neuropathy

The Therapeutic Role of Exercise and Probiotics in Stressful Brain Conditions

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About