Physical-Exercise-Induced Antioxidant Effects on the Brain and Skeletal Muscle

Silva, Jennyffer Ione de Souza; Silva, Rodrigo A. da; Scheffer, Débora da Luz; Santos, Rafael Penteado Dos; Solano, Alexandre Francisco; Barros, Leonardo; Budde, Henning; Trostchansky, Andrés; Latini, Alexandra

doi:10.3390/antiox11050826

Cited by 14 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 159 publications

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“…Thus, plasma and urinary Nep levels are dependent on macrophage activity [ 81 ]. This relationship has been clearly shown in studies of exercise and impact-induced injury during intense physical activity [ 82 ]. Urinary Nep and total Nep (Nep + H 2 Nep) levels are indicative of oxidative stress and trauma-induced inflammation [ 83 ].…”

Section: Different Oxidation States Relate To Different Biological Ro...mentioning

confidence: 77%

Insights into Molecular Structure of Pterins Suitable for Biomedical Applications

Buglak

Kapitonova

Vechtomova

et al. 2022

IJMS

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Pterins are an inseparable part of living organisms. Pterins participate in metabolic reactions mostly as tetrahydropterins. Dihydropterins are usually intermediates of these reactions, whereas oxidized pterins can be biomarkers of diseases. In this review, we analyze the available data on the quantum chemistry of unconjugated pterins as well as their photonics. This gives a comprehensive overview about the electronic structure of pterins and offers some benefits for biomedicine applications: (1) one can affect the enzymatic reactions of aromatic amino acid hydroxylases, NO synthases, and alkylglycerol monooxygenase through UV irradiation of H4pterins since UV provokes electron donor reactions of H4pterins; (2) the emission properties of H2pterins and oxidized pterins can be used in fluorescence diagnostics; (3) two-photon absorption (TPA) should be used in such pterin-related infrared therapy because single-photon absorption in the UV range is inefficient and scatters in vivo; (4) one can affect pathogen organisms through TPA excitation of H4pterin cofactors, such as the molybdenum cofactor, leading to its detachment from proteins and subsequent oxidation; (5) metal nanostructures can be used for the UV-vis, fluorescence, and Raman spectroscopy detection of pterin biomarkers. Therefore, we investigated both the biochemistry and physical chemistry of pterins and suggested some potential prospects for pterin-related biomedicine.

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Section: Different Oxidation States Relate To Different Biological Ro...mentioning

confidence: 77%

Insights into Molecular Structure of Pterins Suitable for Biomedical Applications

Buglak

Kapitonova

Vechtomova

et al. 2022

IJMS

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“…Notably, Gong et al have reported that nuclear factor erythroid 2‐related factor 2 (Nrf2) activation and RSPO3 promoter demethylation are the major drivers of RSPO3 expression in lung adenocarcinomas 50 . As a critical regulator of cellular defense against oxidative and inflammatory lesions, Nrf2 activation has been recognized as one of the key mechanisms responsible for the antioxidant and anti‐inflammatory capacities of regular physical exercise in a variety of tissues including lung, liver, brain, and kidney 19,51–53 . On the other hand, the benefits of exercise training in metabolic diseases, osteoporosis, and physical fitness have recently been shown to involve DNA demethylation of critical genes such as peroxisome proliferator‐activated receptor γ coactivator‐1α (Ppargc1a), 54,55 Nrf2, 56 and myogenic differentiation 1 (MYOD1) 57 .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…50 As a critical regulator of cellular defense against oxidative and inflammatory lesions, Nrf2 activation has been recognized as one of the key mechanisms responsible for the antioxidant and anti-inflammatory capacities of regular physical exercise in a variety of tissues including lung, liver, brain, and kidney. 19,[51][52][53] On the other hand, the benefits of exercise training in metabolic diseases, osteoporosis, and physical fitness have recently been shown to involve DNA demethylation of critical genes such as peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ coactivator-1α (Ppargc1a), 54,55 Nrf2, 56 and myogenic differentiation 1 (MYOD1). 57 These findings raise the possibility that Nrf2 activation and DNA demethylation may be involved in aerobic exercise-induced RSPO3 expression in the kidney, which merits further investigation.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Increased R‐spondin 3 contributes to aerobic exercise‐induced protection against renal vascular endothelial hyperpermeability and acute kidney injury

Xu,

Zhang,

Zhao

et al. 2023

Acta Physiologica

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AimExercise training exerts protective effects against sepsis‐associated multiple organ dysfunction. This study aimed to investigate whether aerobic exercise protected against sepsis‐associated acute kidney injury (AKI) via modulating R‐spondin 3 (RSPO3) expression.MethodsTo investigate the effects of aerobic exercise on lipopolysaccharide (LPS)‐induced AKI, LPS (20 mg/kg) was intraperitoneally injected after six weeks of treadmill training. To investigate the role of RSPO3 in LPS‐induced AKI, wild‐type (WT) or inducible endothelial cell‐specific RSPO3 knockout (RSPO3EC−/−) mice were intraperitoneally injected with 12 mg/kg LPS. RSPO3 was intraperitoneally injected 30 min before LPS treatment.ResultsAerobic exercise‐trained mice were more resistant to LPS‐induced body weight loss and hypothermia and had a significant higher survival rate than sedentary mice exposed to LPS. Exercise training restored the LPS‐induced decreases in serum and renal RSPO3 levels. Exercise or RSPO3 attenuated, whereas inducible endothelial cell‐specific RSPO3 knockout exacerbated LPS‐induced renal glycocalyx loss, endothelial hyperpermeability, inflammation, and AKI. Bioinformatics analysis results revealed significant increases in the expression of matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) in kidney tissues of mice exposed to sepsis or endotoxaemia, which was validated in renal tissue from LPS‐exposed mice and LPS‐treated human microvascular endothelial cells (HMVECs). Both RSPO3 and MMPs inhibitor restored LPS‐induced downregulation of tight junction protein, adherens junction protein, and glycocalyx components, thus ameliorating LPS‐induced endothelial leakage. Exercise or RSPO3 reversed LPS‐induced upregulation of MMPs in renal tissues.ConclusionIncreased renal expression of RSPO3 contributes to aerobic exercise‐induced protection against LPS‐induced renal endothelial hyperpermeability and AKI by suppressing MMPs‐mediated disruption of glycocalyx and tight and adherens junctions.

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“…In this scenario, non-pharmacological therapies that aim to regulate the redox balance should alleviate the nonspeci c signaling of ROS while promoting the reduction of oxidative processes, such as lipoperoxidation and protein and DNA oxidation/modi cation [34]. Brain sensitivity to oxidative stress negatively affects the levels of proteins involved in metabolism and cerebral neuroprotection [28,35]. ampli ed by kinase cascade activation or can be transmitted over long distances by conversion to more stable species, such as lipid peroxides, and has high concentrations in the extracellular environment.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Regulation of redox profile and genomic stability by physical exercise contributes to neuroprotection in mice with experimental glioblastoma.

Marqueze

Costa

Pedroso

et al. 2023

Preprint

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Glioblastoma is a very aggressive and common brain cancer. Previous studies have shown that changes in the brain's redox biology interfere with behavioral patterns and DNA damage. The results of these studies, however, have been inconclusive. To evaluate the effects of a physical training program on behavioral aspects, redox and genomic stability parameters in animals exposed to an experimental model of GBM. Forty-seven male C57BL/6J mice aged sixty days were randomly selected and divided into two groups (GBM and sham/placebo surgery), which were subsequently divided into four groups: untrained sham (Sut, n = 10), untrained GBM (Gut, n = 15), trained sham (Str, n = 10), and trained GBM (Gtr, n = 12). The trained animals performed 3 sessions, followed by a rest day, of moderate aerobic exercise on a treadmill for four consecutive weeks, while the untrained animals were kept in boxes during the experimental period. Behavioral indicators were evaluated with open field and rota rod tests. After the last training session, the animals were euthanized and brain, liver, bone marrow, and blood were collected for analysis of redox and genomic instability markers. The results showed higher latency values were sustained by the exercise in Gtr. The elevated levels of total reactive oxygen species in the parietal tissue of Gut animals were reversed after physical training. The Gtr group had a lower tail intensity. Physical exercise is a promise as an adjunctive therapy for the management of GBM by modulating redox parameters in the parietal tissue and reduces the genomic instability in liver and blood.

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Physical-Exercise-Induced Antioxidant Effects on the Brain and Skeletal Muscle

Cited by 14 publications

References 159 publications

Insights into Molecular Structure of Pterins Suitable for Biomedical Applications

Insights into Molecular Structure of Pterins Suitable for Biomedical Applications

Increased R‐spondin 3 contributes to aerobic exercise‐induced protection against renal vascular endothelial hyperpermeability and acute kidney injury

Regulation of redox profile and genomic stability by physical exercise contributes to neuroprotection in mice with experimental glioblastoma.

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