Physical Fitness, Physical Activity, and the Executive Function in Children with Overweight and Obesity

Mora-González, José; Esteban‐Cornejo, Irene; Cadenas‐Sanchez, Cristina; Migueles, Jairo H; Molina-García, Pablo; Rodriguez‐Ayllon, María; Henriksson, Pontus; Pontifex, Matthew B.; Catena, Andrés; Ortega, Francisco B.

doi:10.1016/j.jpeds.2018.12.028

Cited by 91 publications

(82 citation statements)

References 32 publications

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“…However, our results contradict the findings of a previous work among European adolescents from the HELENA study,6 which showed no relationship. Consistent with our findings, the ActiveBrains project showed associations between both physical fitness parameters and white matter volume,4 working memory, neuroelectric activity,31 and executive function32 among children with excess adiposity.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Physical fitness components in relation to attention capacity in Latin American youth with overweight and obesity

García-Hermoso

Hormazábal-Aguayo

Fernández-Vergara

et al. 2020

Scandinavian Med Sci Sports

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The aim of the study was twofold: (a) to examine the association between health‐related physical fitness and attention capacity in Latin American children and adolescents with overweight and obesity and (b) to test whether body composition outcomes are moderators of this association. A cross‐sectional design was used to study 201 overweight/obese participants (12.1 ± 2.1 years of age; 34.3% girls) from Chile (Active‐Start study) and Colombia (HEPAFIT study). Body composition, muscular fitness, speed‐agility, and cardiorespiratory fitness were evaluated using two similar test batteries (ALPHA and FUPRECOL). Attention capacity was measured by the d2 Test. Linear regression and moderation analyses were conducted. Linear regression analysis revealed an association between muscular fitness (β = 0.245, P = .015), speed‐agility (β = −0.16, P = .027), cardiorespiratory fitness (β = 0.331, P < .001) and overall fitness score (β = 0.210; P = .004) and attention capacity (all analyses were controlled for age, sex, peak height velocity, maternal education, and study setting). Moderation analysis using the Johnson‐Neyman technique revealed that the effect of the relationship between muscular fitness score and speed‐agility and attention capacity was stronger as fat mass and fat mass index increased. In conclusion, physical fitness components are associated with higher attention capacity in youth with overweight/obesity, but body composition seems to moderate these relationships. Randomized controlled trials in this population would help to better understand whether improvements in different components of physical fitness lead to better attention capacity, especially in youth with excess adiposity.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Physical fitness components in relation to attention capacity in Latin American youth with overweight and obesity

García-Hermoso

Hormazábal-Aguayo

Fernández-Vergara

et al. 2020

Scandinavian Med Sci Sports

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show abstract

“…Specifically, simple tasks of cognitive evaluation such as the ones we implemented, and despite being widely used, have some limitations. The ceiling effect has a high rate of right choices with no variability measures, which is characteristic of a healthy neurologically population (McMorris et al, 2016;Mora-Gonzalez et al, 2019). This is a possible cause that justifies why high intensities of PE and healthy population are not sensitive to the performance of simple cognitive tasks.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Acute Physical Exercise on Executive Functions and Emotional Recognition: Analysis of Moderate to High Intensity in Young Adults

et al. 2019

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“…The resistance training group showed signi cant improvements in muscle endurance, power, and agility, while the aerobic training group showed signi cant improvements in muscle strength, muscle endurance, and agility. Physical tness and physical activity or exercise training are well-known to have bene ts for the health of the obesity population [34]. Many recent studies have shown that resistance exercise training has a similar effect to aerobic exercise training, including a positive effect on obesity [35,36].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Changes levels of myokines after aerobic training and resistance training in post-menopausal females with obesity: a randomized controlled trial

Kang¹,

Park²,

Lim³

2020

Preprint

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Background To investigate changes in levels of myokines after regular aerobic training and resistance training in post- menopausal females with obesity. Methods A community-based a randomized controlled trial study was 41 post- menopausal females with obesity from Buk-gu community center, Chuncheon, Gangwon-do, Republic of Korea, from November 2017 until the end of October 2018. Among 41 post- menopausal obese females volunteered to participate in this study performed regular physical exercise training (aerobic exercise and resistance exercise). These participants were randomly assigned to one aerobic exercise group (n = 21) and one resistance exercise group (n = 20). The experimental group performed three days of aerobic exercise and resistance exercise per week (i.e., Monday, Wednesday, and Friday) each group. Body composition, physical fitness, and myokines were measured at baseline, 6 weeks, and 12 weeks. Results Two-way within-factor ANOVA revealed group × time interaction for body mass index (BMI, P < 0.05). In the resistance exercise group, muscle endurance (P < 0.001), power (P < 0.01), and agility (P < 0.001) were significantly increased at 12 weeks than those at 6 weeks and baseline. In the aerobic exercise group, muscle strength (P < 0.05), flexibility (P < 0.05), muscle endurance (P < 0.001), and agility (P < 0.001) were greater at 12 weeks than those at 6 weeks and baseline. Levels of IL-6 (P < 0.001), IL15 (P < 0.001), and BDNF (P < 0.001) were greater at 12 weeks than those at 6 weeks and baseline in both exercise groups. Conclusions Aerobic exercise training and resistance exercise training can change levels of myokines and improve body composition and physical fitness of obese females. These findings provide preliminary evidence that obese females need to exercise or perform physical activity to improve their levels of myokines and physical fitness.

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Physical Fitness, Physical Activity, and the Executive Function in Children with Overweight and Obesity

Cited by 91 publications

References 32 publications

Physical fitness components in relation to attention capacity in Latin American youth with overweight and obesity

Physical fitness components in relation to attention capacity in Latin American youth with overweight and obesity

Effect of Acute Physical Exercise on Executive Functions and Emotional Recognition: Analysis of Moderate to High Intensity in Young Adults

Changes levels of myokines after aerobic training and resistance training in post-menopausal females with obesity: a randomized controlled trial

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