Physical Growth in the Neonatal Intensive-Care Unit and Neuropsychological Performance at Preschool Age in very Preterm-Born Singletons

Raz, Sarah; DeBastos, Angela K.; Newman, Julie Bapp; Peters, Brittany N.; Heitzer, Andrew M.; Piercy, Jamie; Batton, Daniel G.

doi:10.1017/s1355617715000077

Cited by 7 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 33 publications

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“…These differences were mainly associated with the immaturity of the ELBW+ group. Obviously, this resulted in a longer length of stay of the ELBW infants in the unfavorable NICU environment, which might interfere with postnatal growth and development ( 32 , 33 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Need for Special Education Among ELBW and SGA Preterm Children: A Cohort Study

Beek¹,

Par

Horst

et al. 2021

Front. Pediatr.

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Background: Preterm infants with pre- or postnatal growth restriction may have an additional risk of adverse neurodevelopmental outcome. Whereas reduced cognitive ability and behavioral problems have consistently been associated with prematurity, a more comprehensive evaluation is necessary to identify those preterm infants who are at increased risk for difficulties in school performance. This study evaluated the association between extremely low birth weight (ELBW) and the need for special education and determined if there is an additional risk for the need for special education among small for gestational age (SGA) children.Methods: This is a single-center cohort study including singleton children born below 30 weeks' gestation between 1990 and 2011 and followed into 2019. ELBW + was defined as a birth weight below 1,000 g, which was compared to ELBW–. Within all ELBW+ children, SGA+ was defined as a birth weight <10th percentile according to Fenton, which was compared to SGA–. The dichotomous outcome measurement was the need for special education at 8 years of age or not, reflecting if the children required a special educational setting designed to accommodate educational, behavioral, and/or medical needs.Results: In total, 609 children were eligible for follow-up, of whom 390 (64%) children were assessed at 8 years. Of these, 56 (14%) children needed special education, most often determined by cognitive deficiency (43%), behavioral problems (29%), or both (16%). Among the 191 ELBW+ children, 35 (18%) attended special education, compared to 21 (11%) among ELBW– children (p-value 0.041). A decreasing risk for the need for special education was found from 25% in ELBW+/SGA+ children to 16% in ELBW+/SGA– children and 11% in ELBW–/SGA– children (p-value 0.025). Multivariable logistic regression showed an odds ratio of 2.88 (95% CI 1.20–6.78) for ELBW+/SGA+ children vs. ELBW–/SGA– children for the need for special education.Conclusions: This study showed that ELBW children are at increased risk for the need for special education compared to non-ELBW children. In addition, children that are both ELBW and SGA do have the highest risk for the need for special education. Classifying children as ELBW and SGA can be useful in follow-up for identifying preterm children with an additional risk for adverse long-term outcome.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Need for Special Education Among ELBW and SGA Preterm Children: A Cohort Study

Beek¹,

Par

Horst

et al. 2021

Front. Pediatr.

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“…Data were collected retrospectively for infants born between October 2010 and December 2015, and data were collected prospectively for infants born between January 2015 and February 2018. Weight, length, and HC z-scores were calculated at birth, and approximately one (0.75-1.5), four (1.5-7), nine (7-12), 15 (12)(13)(14)(15)(16)(17)(18), 24 (18)(19)(20)(21)(22)(23)(24)(25)(26)(27), and 30 (27)(28)(29)(30)(31)(32)(33)(34)(35)(36)(37)(38)) months of age. Olsen growth charts were used for preterm infants (<37 weeks gestation), and World Health Organization growth charts were used for term infants.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Results are often conflicting, and long-term growth is not always investigated. [1][2][3][6][7][8]10,11,14 This study investigated the growth of children born with congenital GI anomalies and disorders from birth to 30 months of age. We…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Growth from Birth to 30 months for Infants Born with Congenital Gastrointestinal Anomalies and Disorders

et al. 2020

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Objective This study aimed to investigate growth among neonates with gastrointestinal disorders. Study Design Inclusion criteria included neonates with gastroschisis, omphalocele, intestinal atresia, tracheoesophageal fistula, Hirschsprung's disease, malabsorption disorders, congenital diaphragmatic hernia, and imperforate anus born between 2010 and 2018. Anthropometrics were collected for the first 30 months, and a subgroup analysis was performed for gastroschisis infants. Results In 61 subjects, 13% developed severe growth failure within the first month. One-, four-, and nine-month weight and length z-scores were less than birth weight in all infants (p < 0.05). In infants with gastroschisis, a similar pattern was observed for weight z-scores only (p < 0.05). From birth to 15 months, head circumference z-score increased over time in all infants (p = 0.001), while in gastroschisis infants, weight, length, and head circumference z-scores increased over time (p < 0.05). Conclusion In a cohort of infants with gastrointestinal disorders, growth failure was followed by catch-up growth.

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“…Gale et al, 95 a Heinonen et al, 38 Hickey et al, 43 51 Guellec et al, 48 Hickey et al, 43 ab Jaekel et al, 19 Kan et al, 55 ab Kuban et al, 40 Leppanen et al, 41 Lidzba et al, 44 Neubauer et al, 52 Raghuram et al, 46 Raz et al, 50 Raz et al, 53 Selvanathan et al, 45 Yu et al 42 10 Larger head circumferences in premature babies are associated with higher levels of academic performance.…”

Section: Study Selection and Characteristicsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Head circumference and intelligence, schooling, employment, and income: a systematic review

Freire

Slater

Silva

et al. 2023

Preprint

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Background No consensus exists about the role of head circumference in identifying children at risk of suboptimal development. The objective of this study was to evaluate the association between head circumference and intelligence, schooling, employment, and income. The review 1) summarizes the overall evidence and 2) restricts the evidence to a subset of articles that met minimum quality criteria. Methods PubMed, Web of Science, PsycINFO, LILACS, CINAHL, WHO Institutional Repository for Information Sharing and UNICEF Innocenti were searched to identify published studies. Cohort, case-control or cross-sectional studies which evaluated the associations of interest in the general population, premature babies, babies with low birth weight or small for gestational age were included. Two reviewers independently performed study selection, data extraction and quality assessments. Results Of 2521 records identified, 115 were included and 21 met the minimum quality criteria. We identidied large heterogeneity and inconsistency in the effect measures and data reported across studies. Despite the relatively large number of included articles, more than 80% presented serious limitations such as severe selection bias and lack of adjustment for confounding. Considering the subset of articles which met the minimum quality criteria, 12 of 16 articles showed positive association between head circumference and intelligence in the general population. However, in premature babies, 2 of 3 articles showed no clear effect. Head circumference was positively associated with academic performance in all investigated samples (5 of 5 articles). No article which evaluated educational attainment and employment met the minimum quality criteria, but the association between head circumference and these outcomes seems to be positive. Conclusions Larger head circumferences in the first 1000 days is positively associated with higher levels of intelligence and academic performance in the general population, but there is evidence of non-linearity in those associations. Identifying a group of children in higher risk for worse outcomes by a simple and inexpensive tool could provide an opportunity to mitigate these negative effects. Further research is needed for a deeper understanding of the whole distribution of head circumference and its effect in premature babies. Authors should consider the non-linearity of the association in the data analysis. Systematic Review Registration: Association between head circumference and intelligence, educational attainment, employment, and income: A systematic review, CRD42021289998, https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/display_record.php?ID=CRD42021289998

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Physical Growth in the Neonatal Intensive-Care Unit and Neuropsychological Performance at Preschool Age in very Preterm-Born Singletons

Cited by 7 publications

References 33 publications

The Need for Special Education Among ELBW and SGA Preterm Children: A Cohort Study

The Need for Special Education Among ELBW and SGA Preterm Children: A Cohort Study

Growth from Birth to 30 months for Infants Born with Congenital Gastrointestinal Anomalies and Disorders

Head circumference and intelligence, schooling, employment, and income: a systematic review

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