Physical hazards in employment and pregnancy outcome

Banerjee, Bratati

doi:10.4103/0970-0218.51224

Cited by 27 publications

(35 citation statements)

References 43 publications

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“…Calculations: The duration of time spent in each activity is multiplied by its intensity to arrive at Vigorous-intensity activity = sum of (duration * intensity) for questions #25, 26, and Question #30 and #31 if open-ended activities are >6.0 METs. Household/care giving activity = sum of (duration * intensity) for questions #4, 5,6,7,8,9,10,15,16,17,18,19. Occupational activity = sum of (duration * intensity) for questions #32, 33,34,35,36.…”

Section: Materials Usedmentioning

confidence: 99%

Employment During Pregnancy in Relation to Risk Factors

Jethliya¹,

Golhar²

2017

IJPR

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Background: A number of complications of pregnancy that might occur during the period that women are still working can be regarded as adverse maternal outcome. Since studies on occupational risk factors during pregnancy showed conflicting results, it is unclear how pregnant women should manage. So, the present study aims to find out such occupational risk factors and energy expenditure of working pregnant women in Aurangabad city, Maharashtra, India.Materials and Methods: 120 working pregnant women in their second trimester who were visiting the antenatal clinic at Mgm medical college and hospital, Aurangabad were selected. They were interviewed using demographic data and pregnancy physical activity questionnaire [PPAQ]. Sample was chosen according to inclusive and exclusive criteria and scoring was done which divides the physical activity into sedentary, light, moderate, vigorous, household, occupational and sports.Results: It was however observed that the higher amount of energy 18.58% was expended on occupational activities. Maximum participants in this study 46.66% were sedentary worker Energy expenditure for occupational activities was highest 28.01% for other heavy type of work and lowest for the sedentary work 16.64%. Conclusion:The study recommended that most of the pregnant working women were physically active in their second trimester of pregnancy and most of their energy was expended on occupational activities. The present study also concludes that risk factors of working pregnant ladies are less as the percentage of sedentary type of workers in this study are more than heavy type of workers.

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Section: Materials Usedmentioning

confidence: 99%

Employment During Pregnancy in Relation to Risk Factors

Jethliya¹,

Golhar²

2017

IJPR

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“…PTB is a problem even in high-income countries. The rate of PTB in the United States of America increased from 9.5% in 1981 to 12.7% in 2005 [6]. The rate of PTB averages 9.6% worldwide and varies between Europe (6.2%) and North America (10.6%) [6].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The average African woman carries a load of about 20 kg over a distance between 2.5 and 6.8 km on a daily basis [11]. The physical stress encountered by these women can result in musculoskeletal disorders and negative reproductive consequences [12][13][14]. The activities of the ordinary Ghanaian women in rural and peri-urban areas include farming, carrying water, farm produce on their heads as well as market wares during street hawking and their younger children at their backs (at home, to the market and to the farm).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A Liftless Intervention to Prevent Preterm Birth and Low Birthweight Among Pregnant Ghanaian Women: Protocol of a Stepped-Wedge Cluster Randomized Controlled Trial (Preprint)

Kwegyir-Afful¹,

Verbeek²,

Aziato³

et al. 2018

Preprint

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Background: Preterm birth (PTB) is a leading cause of infant morbidity and mortality in the world. Every year 20 million babies are born with low birthweight (LBW) and about 96% occurring in low-income countries. Despite their associated dangers, in about 40-50% of PTB and LBW cases, the causes are unexplained. Existing evidence is inconclusive as to whether occupational physical activities such as heavy lifting are implicated. African women bear the transport burden of accessing basic needs for their families. Ghana's preterm birth rate is 14.5% as compared to the global average of 9.6%. The proposed lift-less intervention aims to decrease lifting exposure during pregnancy among Ghanaian women. Our hypothesis is, a reduction in heavy lifting among pregnant women in Ghana will increase gestational age and birthweight.Method: A cohort stepped-wedge cluster randomized controlled trial in 10 antenatal clinics will be carried out in Ghana. A total of 1,000 participants will be recruited for 60 weeks period. To be eligible participant's pregnancy should be singleton between 12 to 16 weeks gestation, attending any of the 10 antenatal clinics and exposed to heavy lifting. All participants will receive standard antenatal care within the control phase and by random allocation; two clusters will transit into the intervention phase. The midwife-led 3-components lift-less intervention consists of health education, a take-home reminder card mimicking the colours of traffic light and a shopping voucher. The primary outcome will be gestational age at <28, 28-32 and 33-37 weeks. Secondary outcomes are LBW (preterm LBW, term but LBW and post term), compliance, prevalence of low back and pelvic pains and premature uterine contractions.Objective: To investigate the effects of the lift-less intervention on the incidence of prematurity and low birthweight among Ghanaian pregnant women. Results:The results of the trial will be published in a peer reviewed journal. It will increase knowledge in the prevention of PTB and low birth weight worldwide. Conclusion:To the best of our knowledge, there has been no randomized trial of this nature in Ghana. Minimizing heavy lifting among African pregnant women can reduce the soaring numbers of preterm and LBW.

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“…The significant work factors directly correlated with adverse pregnancy outcomes included: fewer household helpers, standing at work for more than 7 hours per day, working in hot environments, commuting, walking, and carrying and lifting heavy weight (Banerjee , 2009) Study of another systematic review reported that shift work, lifting an object at work, and prolonged standing might lead to pre-term delivery (Bonzini et al, 2007) Physical exertion has been suggested as a risk factor for adverse pregnancy outcome due to the combined effects of vasoconstriction, myometrial contraction, reduced plasma volume, and diversion of blood flow away from the placental bed, diminution of uteroplacental blood flow with resultant fetal hypoxia. This, along with possible hormonal imbalance, may have deleterious effects on the fetus (Banerjee, 2009) .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Work Related Risk Factors and Pregnancy Outcome Between Working Women

Mm¹,

Na²,

Mohammad³

et al. 2015

Egypt. J. Occup. Med.

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Introduction: The employment rate of mothers has increased worldwide in recent years. So, there is concern about possible effects of work related risk factors and pregnancy outcome among working women. Aim of Work: To study the relation between work related risk factors and some adverse pregnancy outcome among a representative sample of pregnant women attending the antenatal care clinic at Beni-Suef university hospital in Egypt. Materials and Methods: 500 pregnant women who were visiting the antenatal care clinic at Beni-suef university hospital were our target group. They were interviewed using predesigned questionnaire including physical activity questionnaire, Job Stress Questionnaire, Workplace Stress Survey. Body mass index (BMI) is measured. Statistical analysis performed using SPSS version 21. Results: Among studied socio-demographic factors, age and educational level and body mass index were significantly associated with adverse pregnancy outcomes. Perinatal death was significantly higher among working women (odds ratio = 1.9, CI= 101-3.8). Among studied working conditions, working more than 40 hours/ week was significantly associated with high rate of preterm delivery and small gestational age (SGA) increase significantly with high work stress. Conclusion: Among the studied work conditions for working women, working more than 40 hours/ week and social stress index were found to be a significant risk factors for adverse pregnancy outcomes. Other factors as shift work, work categories, and physical activity score showed no significant association with pregnancy outcomes. Therefore, as long as the health of pregnant women permits her to continue work during pregnancy that is not stressful or overloading for her, no adverse effect on pregnancy outcomes is expected.

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Physical hazards in employment and pregnancy outcome

Cited by 27 publications

References 43 publications

Employment During Pregnancy in Relation to Risk Factors

Employment During Pregnancy in Relation to Risk Factors

A Liftless Intervention to Prevent Preterm Birth and Low Birthweight Among Pregnant Ghanaian Women: Protocol of a Stepped-Wedge Cluster Randomized Controlled Trial (Preprint)

Work Related Risk Factors and Pregnancy Outcome Between Working Women

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