Physical health in children with neurodevelopmental disorders

Alabaf, Setareh; Gillberg, Christopher; Lundström, Staffan; Lichtenstein, Paul; Kerekes, Nóra; Råstam, Maria; Anckarsäter, Henrik

doi:10.1007/s10803-018-3697-4

Cited by 69 publications

(64 citation statements)

References 95 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…The proposal of a direct gut-brain relationship contributing to the pathophysiology, commonly features in literature, in particular in reference to schizophrenia and ASD [1,12,16,[18][19][20][21]. Theories often describe autoimmunity and inflammation as potentially playing a role [11,22,23].…”

Section: Interaction Between CD and Psychiatric Disordersmentioning

confidence: 99%

Psychiatric Manifestations of Coeliac Disease, a Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

2020

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Background: Coeliac disease (CD) is increasingly prevalent and is associated with both gastrointestinal (GI) and extra-intestinal manifestations. Psychiatric disorders are amongst extra-intestinal manifestations proposed. The relationship between CD and such psychiatric disorders is not well recognised or understood. Aim: The aim of this systematic review and meta-analysis was to provide a greater understanding of the existing evidence and theories surrounding psychiatric manifestations of CD. Methodology: An online literature search using PubMed was conducted, the prevalence data for both CD and psychiatric disorders was extracted from eligible articles. Meta analyses on odds ratios were also performed. Results: A total of 37 articles were included in this review. A significant increase in risk was detected for autistic spectrum disorder (OR 1.53, 95% CI 1.24–1.88, p < 0.0001), attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (OR 1.39, 95% CI 1.18–1.63, p < 0.0001), depression (OR 2.17, 95% CI 2.17–11.15, p < 0.0001), anxiety (OR 6.03, 95% CI 2.22–16.35, p < 0.0001), and eating disorders (OR 1.62, 95% CI 1.37–1.91, p < 0.00001) amongst the CD population compared to healthy controls. No significant differences were found for bipolar disorder (OR 2.35, 95% CI 2.29–19.21, p = 0.43) or schizophrenia (OR 0.46, 95% CI 0.02–10.18, p = 0.62). Conclusion: CD is associated with an increased risk of depression, anxiety, eating disorders as well as ASD and ADHD. More research is required to investigate specific biological explanations as well as any effect of gluten free diet.

show abstract

Section: Interaction Between CD and Psychiatric Disordersmentioning

confidence: 99%

Psychiatric Manifestations of Coeliac Disease, a Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

2020

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…It is estimated that 20-40% of children with urinary incontinence fit criteria for a psychiatric disorder [232]. In a twin study that examined rates of other health problems in children with neurodevelopmental disorders, including ASD, ADHD, or learning disability, daytime enuresis (daytime incontinence) was found to be significantly more common in individuals with a diagnosed neurodevelopmental disorder than in controls [233]. In children with a diagnosis of autism and learning disability, the prevalence of daytime enuresis was 14 times greater, reaching rates of nearly 50% [233].…”

Section: A Role For Pcbs In Asd Comorbidities?mentioning

confidence: 99%

Polychlorinated Biphenyls (PCBs): Risk Factors for Autism Spectrum Disorder?

Panesar

Kennedy

Stietz

et al. 2020

Toxics

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) includes a group of multifactorial neurodevelopmental disorders defined clinically by core deficits in social reciprocity and communication, restrictive interests and repetitive behaviors. ASD affects one in 54 children in the United States, one in 89 children in Europe, and one in 277 children in Asia, with an estimated worldwide prevalence of 1–2%. While there is increasing consensus that ASD results from complex gene x environment interactions, the identity of specific environmental risk factors and the mechanisms by which environmental and genetic factors interact to determine individual risk remain critical gaps in our understanding of ASD etiology. Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) are ubiquitous environmental contaminants that have been linked to altered neurodevelopment in humans. Preclinical studies demonstrate that PCBs modulate signaling pathways implicated in ASD and phenocopy the effects of ASD risk genes on critical morphometric determinants of neuronal connectivity, such as dendritic arborization. Here, we review human and experimental evidence identifying PCBs as potential risk factors for ASD and discuss the potential for PCBs to influence not only core symptoms of ASD, but also comorbidities commonly associated with ASD, via effects on the central and peripheral nervous systems, and/or peripheral target tissues, using bladder dysfunction as an example. We also discuss critical data gaps in the literature implicating PCBs as ASD risk factors. Unlike genetic factors, which are currently irreversible, environmental factors are modifiable risks. Therefore, data confirming PCBs as risk factors for ASD may suggest rational approaches for the primary prevention of ASD in genetically susceptible individuals.

show abstract

“…We used freely available GWAS summary statistics from predominantly European ancestry populations on physical health problems that have been previously reported as being associated with ADHD (6–8). The outcomes included cardiometabolic(15–19), neurological(20), immunological diseases(18, 21–24) and lung cancer (25) (detailed overview in Table 1 and Table S2), because of the strong link between ADHD and smoking behaviour.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…ADHD is associated with higher mortality and morbidity rates(4) and a broad range of physical health problems. These include metabolic problems (including obesity and type 2 diabetes mellitus), cardiovascular problems (such as hypertension(5) and other risk factors for cardiovascular disease (CVD)), neurological problems (including epilepsy and migraine(6)), allergic/inflammatory disorders (including asthma (6–8), allergic rhinitis and coeliac disease)(6) and some types of cancer.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

ADHD genetic liability and physical health outcomes - A two-sample Mendelian randomization study

Leppert

Riglin

Dardani

et al. 2019

Preprint

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Objective: Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) has been associated with a broad range of physical health problems, including cardiometabolic, neurological and immunological conditions. Determining whether ADHD plays a causal role in these associations is of great importance for treatment and prevention but also because comorbid health problems further increase the serious social and economic impacts of ADHD on individuals and their families. Methods:We used a two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) approach to examine the causal relationships between genetic liability for ADHD and previously implicated physical health conditions. 11 genetic variants associated with ADHD were obtained from the latest summary statistics. Consistent effects obtained from IVW, weighted median and MR Egger methods were taken forward for sensitivity analysis, including bidirectional MR and multivariable MR (MVMR). Results:We found evidence of a causal effect of genetic liability for ADHD on childhood obesity (OR:1.29 (95% CI:1.02,1.63)) and coronary artery disease (CAD) (OR:1.11 (95% CI:1.03,1.19)) with consistent results across different MR approaches. There was further evidence for a bidirectional relationship between genetic liability for ADHD and childhood obesity. The effect of genetic liability for ADHD on CAD was independent of smoking heaviness but was attenuated when simultaneously controlling for childhood obesity. There was little evidence for a causal effect on other cardiometabolic, immunological, neurological disorders and lung cancer. Conclusion:Our findings strengthen the argument for early treatment and support for children with ADHD and their families and especially promoting physical activity and providing them with dietary advice to reduce future risk for developing CAD.3 Key Message• Epidemiological studies have reported observational associations between ADHD and adult onset physical health outcomes.• Mendelian Randomization can be used to assess causal associations for ADHD on health outcomes that would traditionally require long term follow-up and may suffer confounding • We found that genetic liability for ADHD was associated with coronary artery disease and there was evidence for a bidirectional association between genetic liability for ADHD and childhood obesity• Multivariable mendelian randomization suggests that the link between genetic liability and coronary artery disease might partially act through childhood obesity but was independent of smoking heaviness• There was little evidence of a causal of ADHD on other cardiometabolic and immunological diseases.

show abstract

Physical health in children with neurodevelopmental disorders

Cited by 69 publications

References 95 publications

Psychiatric Manifestations of Coeliac Disease, a Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Psychiatric Manifestations of Coeliac Disease, a Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Polychlorinated Biphenyls (PCBs): Risk Factors for Autism Spectrum Disorder?

ADHD genetic liability and physical health outcomes - A two-sample Mendelian randomization study

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About