Physical map of two D. melanogaster DNA segments containing sequences coding for the 70,000 dalton heat shock protein

Moran, Larry A.; Mirault, Marc-Édouard; Tissières, A.; Lis, John T.; Schedl, Paul; Artavanis‐Tsakonas, Spyros; Gehring, Walter J.

doi:10.1016/0092-8674(79)90289-7

Cited by 119 publications

(43 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…Heterozygosity per nucleotide has been estimated to be 0.001, with 0.5% of the nucleotide sites polymorphic (8) (8,9) but in Drosophila the two appeared to be similar (7,12 (25) reported a strain difference in the size of the spacer region at the 87A7 hsp70 locus. This difference corresponds to insertion B in Fig.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The coding sequence for the hsp70 mRNA is 2.1 kilobases (kb) long, contains no introns, and is duplicated at both loci. The duplicated sequences ("z element") include 400 bases 5' to the transcribed region which is conserved in all copies (20,(23)(24)(25). At 87A7, two z elements are arranged in a diverging orientation separated by a 1.2-kb spacer region (26,27).…”

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Variation at the 87A heat shock locus in Drosophila melanogaster

Brown¹

1983

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

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Restriction maps for 25 kilobases of DNA around the 87A7 heat shock locus have been determined in 29 chromosomes isolated from a natural population. The heterozygosity per nucleotide and the proportion of polymorphic nucleotide sites were estimated to be 0.0024 and 0.007, respectively. The mean number of insertional differences in this region between random pairs of chromosomes was 0.95. A significant amount of this variation was due to the insertion of large transposable elements. All the insertion/deletion events were found in a region less than 2 kilobases in size. This could either be due to nonrandom integration or to differences in the intensity of selection against DNA insertion at different sites.Several estimates of the level of variation in mitochondrial DNA from natural populations have now been made (1)(2)(3)(4)(5). This work has generally involved mapping restriction site polymorphisms and various approaches to the analysis of such data have now been published (6-10). The study of DNA-level variation in nuclear genes is technically more complex and to date three systematic population surveys have been completed-one on the ,B-globin region in man (11) and two on the alcohol dehydrogenase (Adh) locus in Drosophila melanogaster (12, 13). Much information has been collected at other loci in man (14-18) but, in general, those studies were conditioned by the prior discovery of variation and do not provide an unbiased estimate of its overall level. In this paper I present the results of a survey on variation in restriction map at the 87A7 heat shock locus in a single natural population of D. melanogaster.The major, 70,000-dalton, heat-inducible protein (hsp7o) in D. melanogaster is encoded at two cytogenetic loci, 87A7 and 87C1 (19-22). The coding sequence for the hsp70 mRNA is 2.1 kilobases (kb) long, contains no introns, and is duplicated at both loci. The duplicated sequences ("z element") include 400 bases 5' to the transcribed region which is conserved in all copies (20,(23)(24)(25). At 87A7, two z elements are arranged in a diverging orientation separated by a 1.2-kb spacer region (26,27 (28).In this paper I present data that indicate that the conservation of gene arrangement observed in this species subgroup has been achieved in spite of high levels of intraspecific insertion/deletion variation. Although such events may occur outside the regions required for correct expression of heat shock sequences (29, 30), they nevertheless appear to affect fitness sufficiently for them to be screened out by natural selection. MATERIALS AND METHODSTwenty-nine D. melanogaster third chromosomes were obtained from a large collection made in June 1977 from a natural population in Raleigh, N.C. Since that time the chromosomes have been maintained over In (3LR)TM6 Ubx. Methods used for setting up these lines have been described elsewhere (31). Before extracting DNA, the 87A region of each wild-derived chromosome was uncovered by crossing the balanced stock to a deficiency stock DJ(3R)karD3 and selecting +/de...

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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confidence: 99%

Variation at the 87A heat shock locus in Drosophila melanogaster

Brown¹

1983

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

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“…After electrophoresis, the DNA was transferred to DBM-paper (21) and hybridized with 0.17 jg of the nick-translated (22) Sal-Sal fragment (1.7xlO cpm) isolated from its subclone in pBR322. The subclone was derived from the genomic clone 56H8 of an hsp 70 gene (23) and a gift of M.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Multiple phases of nucleosomes in the hsp 70 genes of Drosophila melanogaster

Levy

Noll

1980

Nucl Acids Res

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“…The black box on the map shows the transcription unit. The probe used in this experiment, which hybridises to all copies of the hsp70 gene and which was recovered from the recombinant 5688 (Moran et al, 1979), is shown by the bar above the map. The 1.5-kb and 1.25-kb fragments, derived respectively from uncut and SaA-cut chromosomes, are shown underneath the map.…”

Section: Accessibility Of Restriction Sites Around U Single 87a7 Hsp7mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The resulting vector now carries the white gene under the control of its own promoter as the dominant marker. The hsp70 promoter from the distal gene at 87A7 was recovered from the plasmid 56H8 (Moran et al, 1979) by cutting with BglI, flush-ending with T4 polymerase and recutting with XbaI. The 640-bp fragment covering the promoter region was ligated into pUC12 cut with Xhal and SmaI.…”

Section: Cloning the 8 7 A 7 P R O N~t E R Into A P Element Vectormentioning

confidence: 99%

Restriction enzymes permit quantitative determination of defined chromatin structures within the chromosome

Jack

Moritz

Cremer

1991

European Journal of Biochemistry

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Open chromatin structures, operationally defined as nuclease-hypersensitive sites, are frequently found spanning the controlling regions of genes and they may ensure that trans-acting factors have ready access to their genomic substrates. The rapidity and extent of induction of a gene may be dependent on the probability that its promoter is folded into an open structure. We show that restriction enzymes can be used to estimate the probability that a given promoter region is contained within a defined structure in the chromosome. In the case of the Drasophila major heat-shock-protein gene, we show that an individual promoter element is folded in an accessible form in at least 75% of embryonic chromosomes. This efficient maintenance of the hypersensitive region may be a necessary precondition for a rapid heat-shock response.

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Physical map of two D. melanogaster DNA segments containing sequences coding for the 70,000 dalton heat shock protein

Cited by 119 publications

References 19 publications

Variation at the 87A heat shock locus in Drosophila melanogaster

Variation at the 87A heat shock locus in Drosophila melanogaster

Multiple phases of nucleosomes in the hsp 70 genes of Drosophila melanogaster

Restriction enzymes permit quantitative determination of defined chromatin structures within the chromosome

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