Physical modeling of the electrical properties of PbI2 films

Dmitriev, Yuri; Bennett, Paul R.; Cirignano, L.; Klugerman, M.; Shah, K.S.

doi:10.1016/j.nima.2008.04.003

Cited by 20 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…It was demonstrated experimentally that the dark conductivity of PbI 2 crystals with layered structure was distinct along different crystallographic axes. Dark conductivities of the PbI 2 crystal were 5.9 × 10 −10 and 7.1 × 10 −12 S cm −1 at room temperature, when the electrical field was applied perpendicular (within intra-layer of PbI 2 ) and parallel (between inter-layer of PbI 2 ) to the c-axes of the crystal, 31 respectively. The main pathway of electron transport in 1 is through the inorganic {Pb 2 I 6 } ∞ twin chains.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Two in one: switchable ion conductivity and white light emission integrated in an iodoplumbate-based twin chain hybrid crystal

Duan

Tong

et al. 2016

Dalton Trans.

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An iodoplumbate-based hybrid, [C7-Apy][PbI3] (1), where C7-Apy(+) = 1-heptyl-4-aminopyridinium, was prepared using a simple solution process. Three sequential phase transitions occur in the range of 402-443 K. In both the lowest and highest temperature phases, hybrid crystal 1 is composed of discrete [Pb2I6]∞ twin chains surrounded by C7-Apy(+) cations. The connectivity between PbI6 octahedra within a [Pb2I6]∞ twin chain and the arrangement of cations are quite difference between the lowest and highest temperature phases. Hybrid crystal 1 shows switchable ion conductivity due to the structural phase transition and white light emission attributed to the broad band semiconductor emission of the twin chain. The former functionality has potential application in ion conductor devices; the single-phase white light emitter is a useful material in low-cost, easily-made, high-efficiency white light-emitting diodes.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Two in one: switchable ion conductivity and white light emission integrated in an iodoplumbate-based twin chain hybrid crystal

Duan

Tong

et al. 2016

Dalton Trans.

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“…PbI 2 is a highly photoconductive semiconductor with a direct bandgap, high absorption coefficient, and good flexibility [1][2][3][4][5][6]. PbI 2 is frequently used to fabricate organicinorganic halide perovskite solar cells [7], and as γ-ray or X-ray detectors, photovoltaics, photodetectors, and lasing devices [5,[8][9][10][11][12][13].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of the PbBr2:PbI2 Molar Ratio on the Formation of Lead Halide Thin Films, and the Ratio’s Application for High Performance and Wide Bandgap Solar Cells

et al. 2022

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We investigate the effects of the molar ratio (x) of PbBr2 on the phases, microstructure, surface morphology, optical properties, and structural defects of mixed lead halides PbI2(1−x)Br2x for use in solar cell devices. Results indicate that as x increased to 0.3, the surface morphology continued to improve, accompanied by the growth of PbI2 grains. This resulted in lead halide films with a very smooth and continuous morphology, including large grains when the film was formed at x = 0.3. In addition, the microstructure changed from (001)-oriented pure PbI2 to a highly (001)-oriented β (PbI2-rich) phase. The plausible mechanism for the enhanced morphology of the lead halide films by the addition of PbBr2 is proposed based on the growth of a Br-saturated lead iodide solid solution. Furthermore, iodine vacancies, identified by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, decreased as the ratio of PbBr2 increased. Finally, an electrical analysis of the solar cells was performed by using a PN heterojunction model, revealing that structural defects, such as iodine vacancies and grain boundaries, are the main contributors to the degradation of the performance of pure PbI2-based solar cells (including high leakage, low stability, and high hysteresis), which was significantly improved by the addition of PbBr2. The solar cell fabricated at x = 0.3 in air showed excellent stability and performance. The device lost merely 20% of the initial efficiency of 4.11% after 1500 h without encapsulation. This may be due to the dense microstructure and the reduced structural defects of lead halides formed at x = 0.3.

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“…Figure1 shows the layered crystal structure of PbI 2 . The lattice consists of a repeating I-Pb-I sequence [2] with high atomic number (Z P b = 82, Z I = 53) and intrinsic band gap of about 2.4 eV. These properties make it a potential candidate for room-temperature, direct detectors of low energy ionizing x-and γ-rays [3].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Extensive studies of the influence of purity of precursor PbI 2 powders on single bulk crystal growth have reported varying degrees of success in the literature [5]. Examples of currently used methods that yield micro-or nano-PbI 2 structures are low temperature colloidal process [6], reverse micelles method [7], vapor-transporting method [8], hydrothermal [9] and vapor deposition [2].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Synthesis and characterization of high-quality PbI $$_{2}$$ 2 nanopowders from depleted SLA accumulator anode and cathode

et al. 2016

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Physical modeling of the electrical properties of PbI2 films

Cited by 20 publications

References 24 publications

Two in one: switchable ion conductivity and white light emission integrated in an iodoplumbate-based twin chain hybrid crystal

Two in one: switchable ion conductivity and white light emission integrated in an iodoplumbate-based twin chain hybrid crystal

Effects of the PbBr2:PbI2 Molar Ratio on the Formation of Lead Halide Thin Films, and the Ratio’s Application for High Performance and Wide Bandgap Solar Cells

Synthesis and characterization of high-quality PbI $$_{2}$$ 2 nanopowders from depleted SLA accumulator anode and cathode

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