Physical modelling of pool and weir fishways with rock weirs

Kupferschmidt, Cody; Zhu, David Z.

doi:10.1002/rra.3157

Cited by 17 publications

(28 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…The higher energy dissipation rate in the labyrinth, rock weirpool fishways may be due to the wake formation and development of high turbulence levels downstream of the rocks. The energy dissipation rates of the proposed fishway models were between the proposed formulations of Yagci (2010), with a power of unity and that of Kupferschmidt and Zhu (2017) with a power of 2/3 (see Figure 4a). Figure 4b shows the correlation between K and discharge per unit width q for the new weir-pool fishway model.…”

Section: Flow Hydraulicsmentioning

confidence: 92%

“…where ψ = 0.85 and ξ = 0.7 in the study of Kupferschmidt and Zhu (2017). A power law model was fitted to data points of the proposed fishway, and the base and power for the new fishway model were found to be ψ = 0.285 and ξ = 0.91, respectively.…”

Section: Flow Hydraulicsmentioning

confidence: 95%

“…However, fish species may prefer different levels of turbulent intensity based on their swimming capability, for example, brown trout species (Salmo trutta) prefer turbulent intensities of 18 to 53% (Cotel et al, 2006). Kupferschmidt and Zhu (2017) F I G U R E 6 Joint probability distribution functions (JPDFs) of the normalized velocity fluctuations u 0 /u ave and w 0 /u ave at three specified points upstream of the triangular labyrinth weir-pool fishway and at z = 0.25 (h + P) for Q = 25 L/s; (a) L/B = 5/4; (b) L/B = 5/3. Top, middle, and bottom subplots show the JPDFs of points #1, #2, and #3, respectively (i.e., middle row in Figure 6), the average turbulent fluctuation increased with the pool length and decreased close to the wall region.…”

Section: Distribution Of Turbulent Intensities In the Upstream Of Labmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In addition, effect of channel slope on the water surface profile can be correlated with the tailwater depth (Azimi, Rajaratnam, & Zhu, 2016). Kupferschmidt and Zhu (2017) carried out a series of laboratory experiments on triangular, labyrinth, rock weir-pool fishways and found that the new geometry reduced the mean flow velocity of the pools by approximately 20%. Baki, Zhang, Zhu, and Rajaratnam (2017); Baki, Zhu, et al (2017b) used a similar weir model and performed numerical simulations to study the hydraulics of the fishway and developed detailed design criteria.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Discharge coefficient C d can also be used to predict flow discharge of weir-pool fishways. Based on the standard weir equation in plunging flow regime (Equation [(1)]), discharge coefficients were calculated, and the results were plotted against h/S o 1/2 (seeFigure 3b) Kupferschmidt and Zhu (2017). found similar correlations for labyrinth, rock weir-pool fishways and introduced a power law model to predict the fishway discharge as F I G U R E 2 A consolidated regime plot for the weir-pool fishways based on the correlation of non-dimensional discharge Q t * and the geometry of weir-pool fishway; (a) variations of Q t * with relative submergence H/P; (b) correlation of Q t * and L/P.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Hydraulic and turbulence structure of triangular labyrinth weir‐pool fishways

Dizabadi

Azimi

2019

River Research & Apps

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Detailed laboratory experiments were conducted to analyze and evaluate a new weir-pool fishway design. The new design consisted of a series of one-cycle, triangular labyrinth weirs that formed a weir-pool fish passage. Hydraulic characteristics of flow over the proposed fishway were examined for three pool lengths and a wide range of discharges. It was found that the new design had superior discharge capacity over classical weir-pool fishways in plunging flow regime. Spatial and point analyses of measured velocity data were carried out to understand turbulence structure and distribution of turbulent flow. The power dissipation per unit volume was calculated for different tests, and it varied nonlinearly with discharge. Based on the limiting criteria for energy dissipation rates of different fish species, the maximum operating discharge for different slopes was extracted for the proposed design. The model-toprototype scaling analysis was performed based on the recommended scaling factor of three for prototype. It was found that the approach velocity of prototype increased by 12%, whereas the total discharge increased by more than five times.The contour plots of time-averaged velocity indicated that the proposed fishways offered diversified flow fields without exceeding the maximum velocity above the standards recommended for weir-pool fishways. To study the size, direction, and periodicity of turbulent eddies, magnitude of the most energetic eddy and dominant frequencies were extracted using power spectrum analysis. Quadrant analysis consistently showed that Reynolds shear stresses in ejection and sweep events became weaker as the pool length increased. The small region of strong ejection and sweep events evidenced a good resting place for fish migration, whereas the generated turbulence was large enough to attract fish species to use the passage. K E Y W O R D S energy dissipation, fishway, pool and weir fishway, power spectrum, quadrant analysis, Reynolds shear stress, turbulence

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Section: Flow Hydraulicsmentioning

confidence: 92%

Section: Flow Hydraulicsmentioning

confidence: 95%

Section: Distribution Of Turbulent Intensities In the Upstream Of Labmentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Hydraulic and turbulence structure of triangular labyrinth weir‐pool fishways

Dizabadi

Azimi

2019

River Research & Apps

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Preferential behavior of Tribolodon hakonensis for fishways according to biological characteristics

Masumoto

Nakai²,

Asaeda

et al. 2023

River Research & Apps

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In 2012, the fishway in the Miyanaka Intake Dam in Niigata Prefecture, Japan, was reconstructed and divided into three fishways (ice‐harbor‐, stair‐, and rock‐ramp‐type) with different flow velocities and water depths. We conducted an adaptive monitoring survey in these fishways from 2012 to 2020, and 33 fish types were found, including migratory, swimming, small swimming, and benthic fishes. Many species displayed a preference for specific fishways. The run‐up for Tribolodon hakonensis was studied to determine the effects of physical parameters such as body length, rush speed for instantaneous swimming, water temperature, and presence/absence of nuptial coloration on fishway preference. T. hakonensis with nuptial coloration had greater body length and higher rush speeds than those without it. They also preferred the ice‐harbor fishway, whereas their shorter, uncolored counterparts preferred the stair and rock‐ramp alternatives. The environmental conditions selected by T. hakonensis changed according to their growth stage, as did fishway preference. Changes in fishway environmental conditions may have influenced the observed differences in fishway populations. It was thus confirmed that developing fishways with different flow velocities and water depths is effective in supporting the various life stages of T. hakonensis.

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Fish Community Structure and Diet Responses to Newbury Weirs in a Low-Gradient River

Bonjour

Rantala

Bennett

et al. 2018

Environmental Management

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Restoration projects are often implemented to address specific issues in the environment. Consequences of a restoration project, if any are measured, typically focus on direct changes to the projects focus. However, changing habitat structure likely results in changes to the environment that affect the communities living there. Rock weirs have been used for channel stabilization in many midwestern rivers. Previous research in a southern Illinois river found that weirs benefitted aquatic macroinvertebrate and riparian bird communities by enhancing habitat heterogeneity and insect emergence production. We hypothesized that fishes would also benefit from weirs through enhanced habitat and food availability. We collected fishes in the Cache River in southern Illinois using hand nets, seines, and electroshocking at sites where weirs had been installed and at non-weir sites. Gut contents were identified and individual food items measured. Fish species richness, but not diversity, was higher at weir sites. Fish communities also differed between site types, with benthic feeders characterizing weir sites. Gut content biomass and abundance differed among fish guilds but not between weir and non-weir sites. Fishes from both site types selected for prey taxa predominately found at weirs. Differences between site types were not always captured by univariate metrics, but connecting fish prey to habitat suggests a reach-scale benefit for fishes through increased abundance of favored prey and enhanced prey diversity. Additionally, given the paucity of rocky substrata in the river as a whole, rock weirs enhance fish species richness by providing habitat for less common benthic species.

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Physical modelling of pool and weir fishways with rock weirs

Cited by 17 publications

References 29 publications

Hydraulic and turbulence structure of triangular labyrinth weir‐pool fishways

Hydraulic and turbulence structure of triangular labyrinth weir‐pool fishways

Preferential behavior of Tribolodon hakonensis for fishways according to biological characteristics

Fish Community Structure and Diet Responses to Newbury Weirs in a Low-Gradient River

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