Physical, Morphological Properties and Raman Spectroscopy of Chestnut Blight Diseased Castanea Sativa Mill. Wood

Gündüz, Gökhan; Oral, Mehmet Ali; Akyüz, Mehmet; Aydemir, Deniz; Yaman, Barbaros; Aşık, Nejla; Bülbül, Ali Savaş; Allahverdiyev, Surhay

doi:10.1590/01047760201622012101

Cited by 17 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…In addition, the signals emitted from H 1 s valence electrons would overlap with signals of other valence electrons and would not be possible for identification 39 . The atomic percentages of C and O in the observed grains gave an elemental signature that is characteristic of starch according to the data reported in literature 40,41 and it showed statistically significant differences in comparison with the cell wall composition of the xylem vessel (Fig. 4).…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 81%

“…EDX analysis of the starch grains. The SEM/EDX analysis indicated that the structure of the starch grains was composed of carbon and oxygen with atomic percentages that are characteristic of starch according to the data reported in literature 40,41 .…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 62%

“…

Figure 3EDX analysis of the starch grains. The SEM/EDX analysis indicated that the structure of the starch grains was composed of carbon and oxygen with atomic percentages that are characteristic of starch according to the data reported in literature 40,41 .

Figure 4Quantitative results of the elemental analysis of cell wall, tyloses and starch grains. Carbon (C) and oxygen (O) distribution in cell wall, tyloses and starch grains observed in stem cross-sections of Leccino and Cellina di Nardò.…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 57%

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Xylem cavitation susceptibility and refilling mechanisms in olive trees infected by Xylella fastidiosa

Sabella

Aprile

Genga

et al. 2019

Sci Rep

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In olive trees, Xylella fastidiosa colonizes xylem vessels and compromises water transport causing the olive quick decline syndrome (OQDS). The loss of hydraulic conductivity could be attributed to vessel occlusions induced both by the bacteria biofilm and by plant responses (tyloses, gums, etc.) that could trigger embolism. The ability of the infected plants to detect embolism and to respond, by activating mechanisms to restore the hydraulic conductivity, can influence the severity of the disease symptomatology. In order to investigate these mechanisms in the X . fastidiosa -resistant olive cultivar Leccino and in the susceptible Cellina di Nardò, sections of healthy olive stems were analysed by laser scanning microscope to calculate the cavitation vulnerability index. Findings indicated that the cultivar Leccino seems to be constitutively less susceptible to cavitation than the susceptible one. Among the vascular refilling mechanisms, starch hydrolysis is a well-known strategy to refill xylem vessels that suffered cavitation and it is characterized by a dense accumulation of starch grains in the xylem parenchima; SEM-EDX analysis of stem cross-sections of infected plants revealed an aggregation of starch grains in the Leccino xylem vessels. These observations could indicate that this cultivar, as well as being anatomically less susceptible to cavitation, it also could be able to activate more efficient refilling mechanisms, restoring vessel’s hydraulic conductivity. In order to verify this hypothesis, we analysed the expression levels of some genes belonging to families involved in embolism sensing and refilling mechanisms: aquaporins, sucrose transporters, carbohydrate metabolism and enzymes related to starch breakdown, alpha and beta-amylase. The obtained genes expression patterns suggested that the infected plants of the cultivar Leccino strongly modulates the genes involved in embolism sensing and refilling.

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 81%

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 62%

“…

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 57%

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Xylem cavitation susceptibility and refilling mechanisms in olive trees infected by Xylella fastidiosa

Sabella

Aprile

Genga

et al. 2019

Sci Rep

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“…Meanwhile, Vol sh , T sh and R sh of class 3 did not differ significantly to both class 1 and class 2. Gunduz et al [37] reported similar findings in their study using chestnut tree infected by Cryponectria parasitica (Murrill) M.E.Barr as the shrinkage of healthy wood was higher than that from infected trees. As mentioned earlier, wood from healthier trees contains higher moisture and nutrients for tree growth, thus tends to shrink more than that from less healthy trees.…”

Section: Effects Of Chrysoporthe Deuterocubensis Infection On Physica...supporting

confidence: 62%

“…The results suggest that significant amounts of woody tissues had been attacked by C. deuterocubensis so much so it dried up the tissues, a sign of early degradation. As fungus penetrates into tree bark, it colonizes the phloem (tissue responsible for transporting the nutrients), then penetrates into the vascular cambium, and finally reaches the xylem (tissue that responsible for transporting water to other parts of the tree) [37]. If the attacks continue and spread to other parts of the wood, it would disrupt tree growth activities thus causing loss of moisture, as well as exposing the wood to other biodegradable agents such as fungi or bacteria.…”

Section: Effects Of Chrysoporthe Deuterocubensis Infection On Physica...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of Chrysoporthe deuterocubensis Canker Disease on the Physical and Mechanical Properties of Eucalyptus urograndis

Dahali

Tahir

Roseley

et al. 2021

Forests

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Eucalyptus hybrid has been planted rigorously in wet tropical regions including Malaysia. Recently, there was a report on the occurrence of stem canker on these trees. However, the extent of the infections by this stem canker is unknown. The aim of this study was to evaluate the influence of stem canker disease, Chrysoporthe deuterocubensis, on the physical and mechanical properties of 11-year-old E. urophylla × E. grandis or also known as E. urograndis. The samples were taken from infected and healthy trees that were segregated into different classes based on the severity of the attack, i.e., healthy (class 1), moderately infected (class 2), severely infected (class 3) and very severely infected (class 4). A total of 1440 samples from four infection classes were used in this study. The physical and mechanical properties were determined according to the standard test procedures specified by the International Organization for Standardization (ISO) 13061:2014 (Parts 1 to 4, 13, 14 and 17) and British Standard (BS 373: 1957). From the result, a significant effect by the infection classes was observed on physical and mechanical properties of E. urograndis. All infected wood experienced less shrinkage compared to that of a healthy one, particularly the volumetric (Volsh) and radial shrinkage (Rsh). Wood from class 2 and class 3 was less affected by the infection while the majority of wood from class 4 had significantly lower density and poorer strength. Based on the strength data, wood from infection class 2 can be considered to be used for non-structural applications such as furniture, interior finishing, window frames and doors since reduction in mechanical properties was observed. Wood from class 3 would need further investigation to examine its suitability for structural applications.

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Comparative analyses of rice husk cellulose fiber and kaolin particulate reinforced thermoplastic cassava starch biocomposites using the solution casting technique

et al. 2021

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The potential of biodegradable packaging materials from thermoplastic cassava starch (TPS) reinforced with rice husk cellulose fibers (RHCF) and kaolin particulates (KP) using the solution casting method has been presented. This involved the blending of TPS and RHCF/KP in a plasticizer of ~4 ml of glycerol and ~45 ml of distilled water at 125°C and stirred at 60 rpm until a gel was formed. The gel was cast into sheets and bone‐shaped tensile specimens and allowed to dry for 5 days and characterized. The results show a semicrystalline structure for TPS with an ~36% increase in crystallinity after reinforcement. The O‐H bond stretching and the C‐H bending bonds due to starch–glycerol reactions were the common functional groups in TPS–RHCF biocomposites, and Si‐O‐C bonds were characteristics of the silica phase in the kaolin. The water vapor transmission rate (WVTR) reduced to ~34% with KP reinforcements from ~238 g/m.day to 177 g/m.day and to ~74 g/m.day and ~164% for TPS–RHCF. The strength increased with up to 50 wt% kaolin content; ~0.96 MPa yield strength and ~2.60 MPa ultimate tensile strength (UTS) were recorded. For the RHCF reinforced composites, TPS‐50 wt% also showed high strengths of ~0.96 MPa yield strength and ~3.50 MPa UTS. The WVTR reduced as content of kaolin was increased. Typically, from 0 to 30 wt% volume fraction of kaolin, the WVTR was reduced by ~34% to 177 g/m.day for TPS–kaolin and by ~164% to ~74 g/m.day in TPS–RHCF. The as‐prepared biocomposites have potential as good packaging materials.

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Physical, Morphological Properties and Raman Spectroscopy of Chestnut Blight Diseased Castanea Sativa Mill. Wood

Cited by 17 publications

References 23 publications

Xylem cavitation susceptibility and refilling mechanisms in olive trees infected by Xylella fastidiosa

Xylem cavitation susceptibility and refilling mechanisms in olive trees infected by Xylella fastidiosa

Influence of Chrysoporthe deuterocubensis Canker Disease on the Physical and Mechanical Properties of Eucalyptus urograndis

Comparative analyses of rice husk cellulose fiber and kaolin particulate reinforced thermoplastic cassava starch biocomposites using the solution casting technique

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