Physical origin of observed nonlinearities in Poly (1-naphthyl methacrylate): Using a single transistor—transistor logic modulated laser beam

Hassan, Qusay M.A.; Badran, Hussain A.; Al-Ahmad, Alaa Yassin; Emshary, C.A.

doi:10.1088/1674-1056/22/11/114209

Cited by 20 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 40 publications

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“…It is well known that when an intense laser beam passes through a nonlinear Kerr medium, its spatial profile changes as a consequence of lasermatter interaction and after exiting the medium, a set of concentric rings can be observed on a far-field screen. [12,23,24] In Z-scan experiments, the aperture should be placed at the farfield and hence one should always keep in mind the possibility of ring formation on its plane that can alter the amount of radiation which passes through it. Equation (6) represents the integral which is mostly used for interpreting these concentric rings.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Role of the aperture in Z -scan experiments: A parametric study

Vaziri¹

2015

Chinese Phys. B

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In close-aperture Z-scan experiments, a small aperture is conventionally located in the far-field thereby enabling the detection of slight changes in the laser beam profile due to the Kerr-lensing effect. In this work, by numerically solving the Fresnel–Kirchhoff diffraction integrals, the amount of transmitted power through apertures has been evaluated and a parametric study on the role of the various parameters that can influence this transmitted power has been done. In order to perform a comprehensive analysis, we have used a nonlinear phase shift optimized for nonlocal nonlinear media in our calculations. Our results show that apertures will result in the formation of symmetrical fluctuations on the wings of Z-scan transmittance curves. It is further shown that the appearance of these fluctuations can be ascribed to the natural diffraction of the Gaussian beam as it propagates up to the aperture plane. Our calculations reveal that the nonlocal parameter variations can shift the position of fluctuations along the optical axis, whereas their magnitude depends on the largeness of the induced nonlinear phase shift. It is concluded that since the mentioned fluctuations are produced by the natural diffraction of the Gaussian beam itself, one must take care not to mistakenly interpret them as noise and should not expect to eliminate them from experimental Z-scan transmittance curves by using apertures with different sizes.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Role of the aperture in Z -scan experiments: A parametric study

Vaziri¹

2015

Chinese Phys. B

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“…Therefore, a continuous-wave laser beam (653 nm) passing through the sample film can be switched ON and OFF by the TTL modulated beam (473 nm wavelength). [41]. The mechanism covered all-optical switching can be explained as the following: the pumping pulse passes through the sample causes an increase in the population of the triplet states, and thus induces a reduction in the transmittance of the probe beam due to the high absorption of its intensity.…”

Section: All-optical Switchingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Photoluminescence characterizations and nonlinear optical of PM-355 nuclear track detector film by alpha-particles and laser irradiation

Alfahed¹,

Imran²,

Majeed³

et al. 2020

Phys. Scr.

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The imaging processing technique was used for studying a laser beam nature that transmitted through films of PM-355. The thermal nonlinearity of PM-355 films was studied using a 635 nm cw diode laser at 15 mW as the source of excitation. Third order nonlinear optical properties of PM-355 films irradiated with α-particles at different times and pristine sample has been studied using Z-scan technique. The samples showed a negative and large nonlinear refractive index and reverse saturable absorption (RSA) with high values of the nonlinear absorption coefficient. The fluorescence spectra of PM-355 films were investigated at room temperature and wavelength range of 250–500 nm for a pristine film and in different times of exposure to α-particles. The broad peaks were between 350, 420 and 465 nm. All-optical switching property of PM-355 samples irradiated with α-particles at 20 min was also studied using the standard pump-probe technique.

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“…Currently, the methods available for direct measurement of these two parameters are mentioned in [18], the Z-scan method [19,20] is considered the best because its requirements are simple compared to other methods that require difficult requirements [21,22], its results are very accurate and it has the ability to calculate the real and imaginary parts of the nonlinear optical third-order susceptibility separately. This technique has been used during the last three decades by many researchers to calculate the n 2 and ( ) c 3 of vast number of materials [23][24][25][26][27][28][29][30][31][32][33]. In the indirect measurements the use of the results of the absorption and transmission spectra of the material and theoretical formulas for calculating the nonlinear optical third-order susceptibility and nonlinear index of refraction, also this method was used by researchers in recent years [34][35][36][37][38][39][40][41][42][43].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characterizing optical and morphological properties of Eriochrome Black T doped polyvinyl alcohol film

et al. 2020

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Eriochrome Black T doped polyvinyl alcohol film was prepared on a glass substrate via the casting method. Optical microscope image of the film was taken by an optical microscope and analyzed by an Image J and origin 2008 software where it was proved that the film was free of defects and holes and uniformly distributed over entire area of the substrate. The optical constants of the film were calculated via the optical absorbance and transmittance in the wavelength range 350–900 nm via the use of a set of known mathematical formulas together with Wemple and DiDomenico model. The optical conductivity and the electrical conductivity of the prepared film in response to external electric filed are obtained using two more equations where it was found that the prepared film have high optical conductivity of the order of 1012 s−1 and an electrical conductivity of the order of 104 (S cm−1).

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Physical origin of observed nonlinearities in Poly (1-naphthyl methacrylate): Using a single transistor—transistor logic modulated laser beam

Cited by 20 publications

References 40 publications

Role of the aperture in Z -scan experiments: A parametric study

Role of the aperture in Z -scan experiments: A parametric study

Photoluminescence characterizations and nonlinear optical of PM-355 nuclear track detector film by alpha-particles and laser irradiation

Characterizing optical and morphological properties of Eriochrome Black T doped polyvinyl alcohol film

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