Physical Properties of Cotton Fiber and Their Measurement

Delhom, Christopher D.; Kelly, Brendan; Martin, Vikki

doi:10.1007/978-3-030-00871-0_3

Cited by 25 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 41 publications

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“…Strength is the force needed to break a sample measured in grams per tex. Elongation is the amount that a fiber will stretch before rupture, expressed as a percent of fiber length [38] (pp. 41-73).…”

Section: Planting Date Effects On Fiber Qualitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Planting Date Effects on Cotton Lint Yield and Fiber Quality in the U.S. Southern High Plains

Mauget

Ulloa

Dever³

2019

Agriculture

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Cotton planting date effects in the U.S. Southern High Plains (SHP) were evaluated based on 11 years of May-planted and June-planted irrigated variety trials. Multiple cultivars planted in each year’s trial allowed for the calculation of 153 yield effects and 162 effects in 5 fiber quality parameters. Yield and quality effects were considered in the context of related changes in total growing season degree days (GDDS) and total cool hours (CHRS) during a boll formation period 80 to 110 days after planting. May planting increased GDDS and significantly increased yields in 8 of 10 years that comparisons could be made. Micronaire and fiber elongation were the most sensitive quality parameters to planting date. June planting resulted in increased CHRS every year and a significantly higher incidence of low micronaire in 7 of 11 years. In 7 of 11 years May planting significantly reduced fiber elongation relative to June planting. Analysis of SHP temperature data show that late-April to early-May planting dates may increase yield and micronaire by maximizing GDDS and minimizing CHRS. Although this practice may be optimal to the SHP environment it may also require high-vigor seed and pre-planting irrigation. Adapting genetics to an early planting strategy might include selecting for improved seed vigor and cold germination with acceptable yield and fiber quality traits.

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Section: Planting Date Effects On Fiber Qualitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Planting Date Effects on Cotton Lint Yield and Fiber Quality in the U.S. Southern High Plains

Mauget

Ulloa

Dever³

2019

Agriculture

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“…The simulated yields here, for example, are not affected by disease pressure, insect pressure, and the hail and wind events that frequently accompany spring rainfall in west Texas. Also, the CROPGRO-Cotton model does not simulate fiber quality characteristics that can determine lint value (Bradow and Davidonis, 2000;Delhom et al, 2018). On the other hand, crop simulation can expose management effects and climate-related risk that might not be apparent in field studies conducted over a limited number of years and/or locations.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Optimizing Dryland Crop Management to Regional Climate via Simulation. Part I: U.S. Southern High Plains Cotton Production

Mauget

Marek

Adhikari

et al. 2020

Front. Sustain. Food Syst.

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Over semi-arid agricultural regions such as the U.S. Southern High Plains (SHP) producers of dryland crops need to know which management practices increase yields and decrease production risk. Here, a modeling approach is used to explore management options (MO) that increase dryland cotton yields and estimate those practice's yield risk effects under current SHP climate conditions. To simulate current dryland yield variability, dense distributions of lint yield outcomes were generated using the CROPGRO-Cotton crop model driven by weather inputs from 21 SHP weather stations during 2005-2016. Management effects were explored by repeating simulations over 32 MOs defined by 4 planting dates, 4 planting densities, and applying or not applying nitrogen. Both earlier planting date and decreased plant density increased median simulated yields, with earlier planting having the greatest positive yield effects. The simulated MO that produced the highest median lint yields planted on the earliest planting date (May 15), at the lowest density (3 plants m −1), and applied no nitrogen. Recent SHP field studies generally confirm the earlier planting date effect, but suggest insignificant yield effects for different seeding rates. Even so, negligible yield effects and lower input costs favor lower seeding densities from a profit standpoint. These crop simulations demonstrate a modeling-based method for climate-related agricultural risk management, and suggest mid-May planting dates and low plant densities as part of management practices that increase yields and profits in dryland SHP cotton production.

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“…Fiber length is often the focus of trait improvement efforts in cotton because it is a critical fiber quality property in spinning, and it is heritable (Elhawary 2014;Campbell et al 2018). The HVI measures fiber length using the fibrogram principle (Delhom et al 2018). In the fibrogram principle, a sample is deposited into a fibrosampler and pressed against a perforated curved wall, forcing tufts of fibers to protrude through openings ( Fig.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…If this assumption is true, the fibrogram would correspond to a fiber length distribution by weight. The HVI reports the upper half mean length (UHML) and the uniformity index (UI), a percentage ratio between mean length (ML) and UHML (Chu and Riley 1997;ASTM 2013;Delhom et al 2018). However, this method was developed on clean samples and the effects of trash on this method are not well-documented (Hertel and Zervigon 1936;Hertel 1940).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Effects of non-lint material on heritability estimates of cotton fiber length parameters

et al. 2020

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Fiber length is an important parameter to spin cotton fibers. Cotton breeders work to improve length, and research samples may be machine-harvested, resulting in variability for trash content between samples within the same experiment. There is evidence that trash may directly or indirectly affect the measurement of some fiber quality parameters like micronaire and strength. We hypothesize that the presence of trash particles in the samples may compromise the quality of the length measurement and screening decisions in breeding programs. In order to test this hypothesis, we developed an experiment to evaluate the heritability of length parameters for entries with the same genetic background and affected by the same environment with different trash content. The heritability estimates for samples with high trash content are different from the estimates for samples with native low trash content. Cleaning trashy samples with a laboratory-scale lint cleaner brings the heritability estimates closer to the calculated values for samples with native low trash content. Although the values are similar, the types of variation are not the same. These results indicate that breeders must avoid making decisions based on samples with high trash content. Breeders should base their decisions on samples with low original trash content because this type of sample provides research results closer to the native length distribution.

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Physical Properties of Cotton Fiber and Their Measurement

Cited by 25 publications

References 41 publications

Planting Date Effects on Cotton Lint Yield and Fiber Quality in the U.S. Southern High Plains

Planting Date Effects on Cotton Lint Yield and Fiber Quality in the U.S. Southern High Plains

Optimizing Dryland Crop Management to Regional Climate via Simulation. Part I: U.S. Southern High Plains Cotton Production

Effects of non-lint material on heritability estimates of cotton fiber length parameters

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