Physical Properties of Cotton Treated by Pad-Dry-Cure, Mild-Cure, Poly-Set, and Wet-Fix Processes

Abstract

This study was directed primarily at the physical property changes in fibers, yarns and fabrics as smooth drying properties are developed in cotton by pad-dry-cure, mild-cure, poly-set and wet-fix processes. Bound nitrogen differed appreciably in the final products, the maximum nitrogen being required in the wet-fix and the minimum in the poly-set cottons. Compared to pad-dry-cure cottons, tensile properties change more rapidly with bound nitrogen during the initial reaction periods for poly-set and wet-fix cottons and in the final reaction period for mild-cure cottons. Tenacity of single fibers had larger differences at the maximum levels of reaction than did those of the yarns or fabrics. In dual step processes, poly-set and wet-fix, strength decreased with each step. Recovery from tensile strain in single fibers was inversely related to retained strength, the wet-fix cottons had the smallest strength loss and the smallest increase in recovery. Inconsistencies between crease recovery for fabrics and strain recovery for fibers indicate that fiber properties other than strain recovery are affecting crease recovery and smooth-drying of fabrics.

Structural Features of Cotton Treated by Pad-Dry-Cure, Mild-Cure, Poly-Set, and Wet-Fix Processes

“…While many of the modified cottons from the aforementioned studies involving the development of surface coatings, the generation of graft polymers, or the utilization of new reagents are of interest, our attention in this study has been limited to products of four variations in cross-linking reactions with conventional N-methylol reagents; these are the pad-dry-cure process r 71 as a basis for comparison; the mild-cure process [ 16 1 ; the poly-set process 15 ~ ; and the wet-fix process 11, 23 1. In the course of this study, which was conducted concurrently with those of other investigators [ 8,12,18], it became evident that the cotton cross-linked by the wet-fix process was quite unique from the others in this series in the balance of physical performance qualities [8]. Therefore, it became the objective of this study to search for the critical structural features of the cross-linked cottons which accounted for the unique nature of the wet-fix cotton.…”

Sorptions in Cottons Progressively Cross-Linked in the Pad-Dry-Cure, Mild-Cure, Poly-Set, or Wet-Fix Process 1

“…This is one of a series of three papers[1,6] .2 One of the laboratories of the Southern Utilization Research and Development Division, Agricultural Research Service, U. S. Department of Agriculture. 3 Mention of a product by the Department does not imply recommendation of the product to the exclusion of others that may also be suitable.…”