Physical properties of heavy oxygen water. Part 1.—Density and thermal expansion

Abstract

The densities of H2018 and D2018 were measured and the following values obtained : H2018, $O = 1.107845f0400033, and D2018, djo = 1.21393f040008. The melting points were found by measuring the time-temperatureauve of warming. The following values were obtained : HzOl8, tmp = 0.28 -l002"C and D 2 0 1 8 , tmp = 4.02 f0-02"C. The thermal expansions were measured in small dilatometers from the melting points to -80°C. The following values for the maximum densities were obtained: H2018, t m a = 4.305&0.02"C, dmm = 1*11255f0*00003 glml, and D 2 0 1 8 , tmax = 11-46-lO.O3"C, dmax = 1.21691 50.oooO8 g/ml. An empirical equation covered by all data for the thermal expansion of all water species from the melting points to 80°C, is the following : where T = t-tmax, F = 1 for H20 and H2018, F = 1-0555 for D20 and D2018. 331 * a, b and Vdi have been obtained from the calibration with mercury.

Enthalpies of fusion and heat capacities for H218O ice and H218O tetrahydrofuran clathrate hydrate in the range 100–270 K

“…The corresponding values for H2I60 are AruSHl6 = 6013.5 J mol-I and TruSl6 = 273.20 K as reported previously (5). The isotope effect on fusion temperature 6T (= Tr,,,18 -TrU,l6) is 0.30 K and agrees well with literature value of (0.28 f 0.02) K reported by Steckel and Szapiro (8). The isotope effect on the enthalpy of fusion 6 H (= ArusHlRAruSHl6) is (21 ?…”

Volumetric properties of water, and solutions of sodium chloride and potassium chloride at temperatures fromT= 277.15 K toT= 343.15 K at molalities of (0.1, 0.5, and 1.0)mol·kg−1

“…This representation was simplified by Chen and Millero (78) who introduced a sixth-order polynomial to cover densities in the temperature range from T = (273.15 to 338.15) K, and an eighth-order polynomial for the entire temperature interval. (17) Steckel and Szapiro (11) modified the Tilton and Taylor equation, (7) and reduced the number of adjustable parameters to three for the T = (273.15 to 368.15) K temperature range:…”

“…The cubic expansion coefficients are presented in table 3 together with the literature data. (9,11,15,17,18) The values of Steckel and Szapiro (11) for α * (T ) were calculated by using equation (2); Kell (15) recommended the omission of the m(KCl) = 1.0 mol·kg −1 , equation (1) 1…”

D/H and 18O/16O fractionation factors between vapor and liquid water.

“…V av dV _ f E 1 av av 1 where the sum is over the 3n frequencies, VAN HOOK (1980) and for 160/180 are available from STECKEL and SzAPIRO (1963). The H/D vapor pressure ratios can be recovered from equation 1 using an expression presented by VAN HOOK (1972) for the ratio y = (ln RDOD /ln RHOD ), or (to sufficient precision) from the raw data presented by KAKIUCHI and MATSUO.…”

“…To evaluate the final term in equation 5 we write, Z a1nQ avi dV = Z alnQ i dvi dV both contributing frequencies is 1.44T. At 32°C, dV/V is -1.7 X 10-3 for the HOH/HOD system (DUTTA-CHOUDHURY and VAN HOOK, 1980) and +1.5 X 10-3 for 180/160 (STECKEL and SZAPIRO, 1963). The magnitude of the effects, and the opposite signs, have been rationalized in terms of the molecular dynamics in the con densed phase (DUTTA-CHOUDHURY and VAN HooK, 1980).…”