Physical training in human obesity. III. Effects of long-term physical training on body composition

Björntorp, Per; Jounge, Kristina de; Krotkiewski, M; Sullivan, L; Sjöström, Lars; Stenberg, Jesper

doi:10.1016/0026-0495(73)90014-0

Cited by 36 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…The metabolic adaptations to be described as being caused by physical training in the following have been measured in the metabolic steady state, that is, at rest at least 48 h after the last exercise bout. At this time point, the acute effects of exercise are passed (4,11). Although it is not known in detail how long the adaptations of physiéal training persist, they are still found unchanged 7 days after the last exercise bout (4).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 96%

“…At this time point, the acute effects of exercise are passed (4,11). Although it is not known in detail how long the adaptations of physiéal training persist, they are still found unchanged 7 days after the last exercise bout (4). To standardize the effects of feeding and diet on the measured variables, the following precautions were taken.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The Effects of Exercise on Plasma Insulin

Björntorp¹

1981

Int J Sports Med

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The decrease of plasma insulin levels after physical training is explained mainly by a decreased insulin secretion, but also to a significant degree by an increased peripheral insulin metabolic clearance rate in several peripheral tissues and increased insulin uptake in the liver. The peripheral tissues demonstrate an increased insulin sensitivity, but this seems to be due to factors after the insulin receptor level. An increased turnover of insulin at the receptor level might be postulated. The explanation for the decrease of insulin secretion has been studied extensively. A decreased cortisol secretion might be a primary factor in physical training, followed by lower insulin levels. Autonomic nervous system adaptations could also be involved in the form of an increased alpha-adrenergic activity. Another alternative is that the effect is mediated via an influence of physical training on a gut "incretin" factor, facilitating insulin secretion, Finally, it might be considered that the increased insulin sensitivity of muscle following physical training is regulating insulin secretion via feedback mechanisms to the beta cell. Recent demonstrations of inhibited glucose uptake in the liver after exercise facilitates an explanation along these lines.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 96%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Effects of Exercise on Plasma Insulin

Björntorp¹

1981

Int J Sports Med

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“…In contrast, Bjorntorp et al (1973) and Krotkiewski et al (1979) were unable to show changes in body weight and composition or fat cell weight and number, of obese subjects of both sexes who exercised for 12 weeks. Similar findings were obtained by Mandroukas et al (1984) in severely obese females who underwent 12 weeks of training strenuous enough to produce a 20% increase in V02 max (I.min-1).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 67%

Combined effects of exercise and restriction of energy intake on moderately obese women.

Thomas¹,

Belko²,

Mulroy³

et al. 1986

Br J Sports Med

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The current study was designed to assess the contribution of dietary-induced weight reduction on improvements in functional capacity in moderate obesity. Twelve females (X age = 29 yr, X fat percentage = 37%) served as subjects for the study. Subjects trained on a cycle ergometer 30 min.day-1, six day.wk-1 for three or six weeks at 75 to 85 per cent of maximum heart rate (HR max). Improvements in maximal oxygen uptake (A V02 max l.min-1) and functional capacity (A V02 max ml.kg-1min-1) were compared in an attempt to separate out training and dietary effects respectively. Measurements were also taken on both the cycle ergometer and treadmill to test for any specificity of training effects. Changes in body composition were assessed by densitometry. Following three weeks of training, there was an average increase in V02 max ml.kg-1min-1 on the cycle ergometer and the treadmill of 14 and 19 per cent respectively. By six weeks, this had increased to 18 and 26 per cent respectively. The contribution of weight reduction to the improvements in functional capacity was calculated to range from 20 to 33 per cent. Thus, both energy restriction and functional capacity in moderately obese women.exercise training appear to be effective means of improving

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“…The role of exercise in the treatment of obesity will be of interest to the general public. Although most clinicians recommend exercise as a part of a weight control program, many studies suggest that addition of exercise does not enhance weight loss, and most studies of exercise alone show minimal weight loss (1)(2)(3)(4)(5)(6). The current study demonstrates that if int'ake of food energy is kept constant, exercise alone is effective and efficient in causing weight loss: 5 kg in only 93 days.…”

Section: Richard Atkinsonmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genetic Factors Influence the Response of Energy Metabolism, Body Weight, and Body Composition to Exercise

Tkinson

1994

Obesity Research

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Physical training in human obesity. III. Effects of long-term physical training on body composition

Cited by 36 publications

References 24 publications

The Effects of Exercise on Plasma Insulin

The Effects of Exercise on Plasma Insulin

Combined effects of exercise and restriction of energy intake on moderately obese women.

Genetic Factors Influence the Response of Energy Metabolism, Body Weight, and Body Composition to Exercise

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