Physically Transient Threshold Switching Device Based on Magnesium Oxide for Security Application

Sun, Jing; Wang, Hong; Song, Fubin; Wang, Zhan; Dang, Bingjie; Yang, Mei; Gao, Haijun; Ma, Xiaohua; Hao, Yue

doi:10.1002/smll.201800945

Cited by 49 publications

(24 citation statements)

References 60 publications

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“…[100] Diverse mechanisms of degradable materials can be applied to security systems through immediate collapses or self-destructions for protecting personal or classified information. [101,102] In Figure 7e, use of a thermoresponsive material (flammable nitrocellulose paper) combined with carbon nanotubes (CNTs)based transistors incorporated with an RF heater provided a heat-triggered, combustible transient device, which was stable at room temperature (≈25 °C), but abruptly burned with exposure to excessive heat by the RF heater. [7] Periodic nanostructures provide an opportunity to regulate designs of geometrical colors.…”

Section: Non-biomedical Applicationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Advanced Materials and Systems for Biodegradable, Transient Electronics

et al. 2020

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of wastes. [4] Furthermore, self-destructive property induced by external stimuli such as moisture, light, and heat can expand its potential application to security-related electronics for protecting private and confidential information. [5-7] Combined uses of natural or synthesized biodegradable polymers with non-transient electronic materials were examples of early research direction of water-soluble electronic devices, which allowed to partially disintegrate into fragmentation due to collapse of the substrates. [8-10] Recognition of chemical reactivity of monocrystalline silicon nanomembranes (Si NMs) in aqueous solutions reached a turning point in transient system through integration with other inorganicbased conductors and insulators, enabling to fabricate almost any types of existing silicon-based electronic devices in a transient form with moderate modifications. [11] Demonstrated examples included device components, sensors, actuators, and energy sources with electrical behaviors comparable to those of state-ofthe-art devices. Successful follow-ups to initial works provided various interpretations of the dissolution kinetics and versatile organic-and inorganic-based materials and devices to accomplish a wide spectrum of this technology for potential applications in biological researches to clinical medicine and other possible areas. In the following, we discuss various types of biodegradable inorganic/organic materials along with their degradation mechanisms and biocompatible properties, diverse manufacturing processes for electronic devices and systems, examples of basic transient electronic components, and different strategies/concepts of transience. Representative applications in the fields of bioengineering, green-electronics, security systems, and others are reviewed, and concluding remarks address some challenges and perspectives for the future of transient electronics. 2. Bioresorbable Materials 2.1. Inorganic Materials Figure 1a shows a representative example of water-soluble electronic devices that contained electronic components, involving a transistor, diode, inductor, capacitor, resistor, and interconnects. [11] All components consisted of various inorganic biodegradable constituents such as Si NMs, magnesium oxide (MgO), and magnesium (Mg) for semiconductors, gate and interlayer dielectrics, and conductors, that can be degraded into benign and biocompatible end products. In addition, many other inorganic Transient electronics refers to an emerging class of advanced technology, defined by an ability to chemically or physically dissolve, disintegrate, and degrade in actively or passively controlled fashions to leave environmentally and physiologically harmless by-products in environments, particularly in bio-fluids or aqueous solutions. The unusual properties that are opposite to operational modes in conventional electronics for a nearly infinite time frame offer unprecedented opportunities in research areas of eco-friendly electronics, temporary biomedical implants, data-secure hardware system...

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Section: Non-biomedical Applicationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Advanced Materials and Systems for Biodegradable, Transient Electronics

et al. 2020

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“…Similar to the semiconductors, the dissolution rate of SiO 2 at a constant temperature (37 °C) proved to be faster in an alkaline medium compared to one at the neutral pH, and there exists a linear correlation between the pH and the dissolution rate at 37 °C. [38] Other materials that have demonstrated applicability as gate or interlayer dielectric in transient electronics include magnesium oxide (MgO), [6,39] magnesium difluoride (MgF 2 ), [40] silicate spin-on-glass (SOG), [27] and egg albumen. [41] Electrodes and interlayer connectors are also essential components of electronics.…”

Section: Electronic Componentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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confidence: 99%

Transient Electronics as Sustainable Systems: From Fundamentals to Applications

Jamshidi

Taghavimehr

Chen

et al. 2021

Advanced Sustainable Systems

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unique attribute of transient electronics is that they are designed to operate over a typically short and predefined duration of time and disintegrate fully or partially when no longer needed.This concept can be applied to a number of different systems, including implantable biomedical devices, [1,2] environmental sensors, [3,4] and hardware security, [5,6] to name a few examples. Transient implantable biomedical devices could be designed to degrade within the body after a predefined period of reliable operation; this will eliminate the need for secondary surgery needed to extract the device. Transient environmental sensors made of environmentally friendly (green) and degradable polymers could be utilized to collect various types of data such as humidity and pressure, then be absorbed into the environment, minimizing bulk waste that is harmful to wildlife, such as birds and fish. And last, transient hardware-secured devices could undergo disintegration, making sensitive information irretrievable upon degradation.Research in transient electronics started with the integration of conventional electronic components on a degradable substrate and was followed by the integration of partially transient electronic components and a few fully degradable components. [7][8][9] The most recent form of transient electronics, however, is fully transient. [10][11][12][13][14] To date, researchers have successfully synthesized and designed material systems and transiency mechanisms that allow electronic devices with functionality and performance level of the conventional counterparts, and yet capable of undergoing disintegration once needed.This short review will report on the materials used in transient electronics, mechanisms that facilitate transiency, manufacturing techniques of this class of electronics, and transient electronic devices developed so far and their potential applications. Transient MaterialsStructural components of electronics, in general, consist of a substrate that acts as the mechanical support and electronic components that are responsible for the functionality of the system. In the case of transient electronics, all the constituents must be capable of dissolution or disintegration to facilitate

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“…There are many types of selector devices with nonlinear current-voltage (I-V) characteristics being introduced, such as Schottky diodes, metal-insulator transitions (MITs), ovonic threshold switches (OTSs), tunnel barrier selectors, and diffusive selectors (also termed diffusive memristors) [9][10][11][12][13][14][15]. Among them, a diffusive selector based on metal species (Ag or Cu) diffusive dynamics inside the dielectrics has attracted considerable interest because of its simple structure and superior performance, such as its extremely high nonlinearity [14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22]. The diffusive selector features a volatile threshold switch (TS) based on the formation and self-rupture of metallic filaments.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Ag Concentration Dispersed in HfOx Thin Films on Threshold Switching

2020

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A sneak path current-a current passing through a neighboring memory cell-is an inherent and inevitable problem in a crossbar array consisting of memristor memory cells. This serious problem can be alleviated by serially connecting the selector device to each memristor cell. Among the various types of selector device concepts, the diffusive selector has garnered considerable attention because of its excellent performance. This selector features volatile threshold switching (TS) using the dynamics of active metals such as Ag or Cu, which act as an electrode or dopant in the solid electrolyte. In this study, a diffusive selector based on Ag-doped HfO x is fabricated using a co-sputtering system. As the Ag concentration in the HfO x layer varies, different electrical properties and thereby TS characteristics are observed. The necessity of the electroforming (EF) process for the TS characteristic is determined by the proper Ag concentration in the HfO x layer. This difference in the EF process can significantly affect the parameters of the TS characteristics. Therefore, an optimized doping condition is required for a diffusive selector to attain excellent selector device behavior and avoid an EF process that can eventually degrade device performance.

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Physically Transient Threshold Switching Device Based on Magnesium Oxide for Security Application

Cited by 49 publications

References 60 publications

Advanced Materials and Systems for Biodegradable, Transient Electronics

Advanced Materials and Systems for Biodegradable, Transient Electronics

Transient Electronics as Sustainable Systems: From Fundamentals to Applications

Effect of Ag Concentration Dispersed in HfOx Thin Films on Threshold Switching

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