Physico-chemical and spectroscopic quality assessment of compost from date palm (Phoenix dactylifera L.) waste valorization

Abstract

In order to increase organic matter availability, date palm waste was co-composted with goat manure according to an industrial ecological approach for a sustainable development. During the composting process, the organic matter biodegradation and compost quality were controlled using physico-chemical and biological parameters associated to spectroscopic techniques. To promote the composting process, date palm waste was previously water soaked in basin for 5 days and the resulted wastewater was used to humidify the windrow. The results showed a rapid temperature increase during the first 6 days and a relatively long compost maturity phase. Organic matter content was reduced by 36% and C/N ratio shifted from 60 to 20 at the process end that held 6 months. The microbial activity and the germination index exceeding 80% indicated respectively the compost stability and its phytotoxicity lack. UV-visible spectra confirmed the organic matter biodegradation by the SUVA 254 , SUVA 269 and SUVA 280 values increase. During the process, the fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) analysis of the different collected samples showed qualitatively similar spectra differing in the absorbance bands intensity, proving the organic matter 1 biodegradation and mineralization. A total of 12 fluorescence excitation emission matrixces of composts were successfully decomposed into a four-factor model using PARAFAC analysis. For the 4 main evidenced components, the excitation/emission (Ex/Em) wavelengths were of 350/450 nm, 400/500 nm 450/530 nm and 325/400 nm attributable respectively to humic-like and fulvic-like substances.

Insight into the evolution characteristics on molecular weight of compost dissolved organic matters using high-performance size exclusion chromatography combined with a two-dimensional correlation analysis

“…To characterize the DOM, the quality indices, namely speci c absorbance at 254 nm (SUVA 254 ), and absorbance ratios between 250 nm and 365 nm (E 2 /E 3 ), were calculated. The detailed calculation methods are reported elsewhere (Abid et al, 2020;Chen et al, 2017;Guo et al, 2018).…”

“…Composting is an environmentally friendly treatment technology for organic wastes from livestock manure, agricultural residues, and municipal solid wastes (Abid et al, 2020;Chen et al, 2017;Huang et al, 2021;Liu et al, 2021). Compost products can be utilized as organic fertilizer for soil, which could be bene cial for the improvement of soil quality and recycling of resources (Fang et al, 2016;Liu et al, 2021;Monda et al, 2017).…”

Effectiveness of compost use in salt-affected soil in an automated greenhouse irrigation system

“…They were then put to germinate in Petri dishes lined with filter paper moistened with distilled water for the fresh water control Td 10 mL, with saline water for the salty water control Ts, a third case was studied to experiment with the compost effect on salinity, compost extracts were added at different concentrations (10%, 25%, 50% and 75%) for both distilled and salty water. The compost extracts were prepared according to standards (10 g of compost in 100 mL of distilled water) [17].…”

Organic waste utilization and urban food waste composting strategies in China - A review

“…Toledo et al (2019) reported that co-composting of eggplant waste and sewage sludge had an important impact on odor concentration reduction. Palm waste can be managed by co-composting with sewage and agrifood sludge, but the use of date palm waste may increase the salt contents in the final composts (Vico et al, 2018;Doctor et al, 2020 (Wang and Nie, 2001).…”