Physico-chemical characterisation of the fraction of silver (nano)particles in pristine food additive E174 and in E174-containing confectionery

Vos, Sandra De; Waegeneers, Nadia; Verleysen, Eveline; Smeets, Karen; Mast, Jan

doi:10.1080/19440049.2020.1809719

Cited by 24 publications

(22 citation statements)

References 28 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…The results of the analyses performed on E 174 are summarized in the publications of Waegeneers et al (Waegeneers et al, 2019) andDe Vos et al (De Vos et al, 2020).…”

Section: Physicochemical Characterization Of the E 174 Food Additivementioning

confidence: 99%

Physicochemical characterization of nanoparticles in food additives in the context of risk identification

Verleysen

Waegeneers

Vos

et al. 2021

EFSA Supporting Publications

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The joint Nanofood@ -EFSAnano project developed analytical methodologies for identification and characterization of nanoparticles in food additives. The methodologies were applied in a regulatory context for control and risk identification purposes. In specific, the project developed methods to characterize E 171 (titanium dioxide), E 174 (silver) and E 175 (gold) food additives in their pristine state and in the food matrix. The project focused on method development based on TEM and (sp)ICP-MS, method standardization and validation, and application of the methods in a wider scope for market surveillance. In addition, a pristine E 171 intra-laboratory reference material was produced; 300 homogeneous and stable vials were fractionated and a homogeneity study was performed. The methodologies, analysis results and the developed expertise form a strong base to fulfil control activities and to provide expertise in the characterization of materials which may contain a fraction of nanoparticles, applied in the food chain. They can be applied to implement the "EFSA guidance on technical requirements for regulated food and feed product applications to establish the presence of small particles including nanoparticles", and the "EFSA guidance on the human and animal risk assessment of the application of nanoscience and nanotechnologies in agri/food/feed".

show abstract

“…The results of the analyses performed on E 174 are summarized in the publications of Waegeneers et al (Waegeneers et al, 2019) andDe Vos et al (De Vos et al, 2020).…”

Section: Physicochemical Characterization Of the E 174 Food Additivementioning

confidence: 99%

Physicochemical characterization of nanoparticles in food additives in the context of risk identification

Verleysen

Waegeneers

Vos

et al. 2021

EFSA Supporting Publications

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…The EFSA ANS Panel assessed the exposure to the food additive E174 (maximum level scenario) to be up to 12.0, 8.6, 3.6 μg/kg bw/day for children (3–9 y), adolescents (10–17 y), and adults (18–64 y), respectively [ 49 ]. The mass fraction of nanoparticles based on De Vos et al (2020) is 0.17–0.55% in pristine E174 and 0.16–0.53% in E174-containing confectionery [ 46 ]. However, exposure to E174 is likely to be a minor part of the total oral exposure when all sources are considered, including unintentional ingestion via handling of consumer products incorporating AgNP, especially in children.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Considering the widespread application of AgNPs leading to increased human exposure and the need to characterize potential hazards, the aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of repeated (4 weeks) oral administration of low doses of 10 nm AgNPs in mice and compare them with those induced by Ag ions. The size of the nanoparticles investigated in this study was selected following findings of markedly increased toxicity compared to larger AgNPs after single intravenous administration in mice [ 45 ], and because oral exposure to 10 nm particles is a relevant scenario for humans both via consumption of E174-containing foods and ingestion of particles released from food contact materials, also considering that AgNPs are prone to dissolution with associated particle size reduction [ 46 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Repeated oral administration of low doses of silver in mice: tissue distribution and effects on central nervous system

et al. 2021

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Background Widespread use of silver in its different forms raises concerns about potential adverse effects after ingestion, the main exposure route for humans. The aim of this study was to investigate in CD-1 (ICR) male mice the tissue distribution and in vivo effects of 4-week oral exposure to 0.25 and 1 mg Ag/kg bw 10 nm citrate coated silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) and 1 mg Ag/kg bw silver acetate (AgAc) at the end of treatment (EoT) and after 4 weeks of recovery. Results There were no treatment-related clinical signs and mortality, and no significant effects on body and organ weights at the EoT and after recovery. Treatment-related changes in hematology and clinical chemistry were found after recovery, the most relevant being a dose-dependent lymphopenia and increased triglycerides in AgNP-treated mice, and increased levels of urea in all treated groups, associated with decreased albumin only in AgAc-treated mice. At the EoT the highest silver concentration determined by Triple Quadrupole ICP-MS analysis was found in the brain, followed by testis, liver, and spleen; much lower concentrations were present in the small intestine and kidney. Tissue silver concentrations were slightly higher after exposure to AgAc than AgNPs and dose dependent for AgNPs. After recovery silver was still present in the brain and testis, highlighting slow elimination. No histopathological changes and absence of silver staining by autometallography were observed in the organs of treated mice. At the EoT GFAP (astrocytes) immunoreactivity was significantly increased in the hippocampus of AgNP-treated mice in a dose-dependent manner and Iba1 (microglial cells) immunoreactivity was significantly increased in the cortex of 1 mg/kg bw AgNP-treated mice. After recovery, a significant reduction of Iba1 was observed in the cortex of all treated groups. TEM analysis of the hippocampus revealed splitting of basement membrane of the capillaries and swelling of astrocytic perivascular end-feet in 1 mg/kg bw AgNP- and AgAc-treated mice at the EoT. Conclusions Our study revealed accumulation and slow clearance of silver in the brain after oral administration of 10 nm AgNPs and AgAc at low doses in mice, associated with effects on glial cells and ultrastructural alterations of the Blood-Brain Barrier.

show abstract

“…Ag is a trace metal with no recognized value in the human body [61]. Food is the major intake source of Ag and this metal is authorised as a food additive (E174) in the EU [62]. Another source of Ag is contact with skin and mucosal surfaces because Ag is widely used in different applications (e.g., jewelry, wound dressings, or eye drops) [63].…”

Section: Silvermentioning

confidence: 99%

Content of 31 trace elements in thyroid malignant nodules and thyroid tissue adjacent to nodules investigated using neutron activation analysis and inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry

Zaichick¹

2022

World J. Adv. Res. Rev.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Thyroid malignant nodules (TMNs) are the most common endocrine cancer and the fifth most frequently occurring type of malignancies. Women are at particular risk for this thyroid disease The etiology and pathogenesis of TMNs must be considered as multifactorial. The present study was performed to clarify the role of some trace elements (TEs) in the etiology of these thyroid disorders. Thyroid tissue levels of silver (Ag), aluminum (Al), boron (B),, beryllium (Be), bismuth (Bi), cadmium (Cd), cerium (Ce), cobalt (Co), chromium (Cr), cesium (Cs), iron (Fe), gallium (Ga), mercury (Hg), lanthanum (La), lithium (Li), manganese (Mn), molybdenum (Mo), neodymium (Nd), nickel (Ni), lead (Pb), praseodymium (Pr), rubidium (Rb), antimony (Sb), scandium (Sc), selenium (Se), samarium (Sm), tin (Sn), thallium (Tl), uranium (U), yttrium (Y), and zinc (Zn) were prospectively evaluated in malignant tumor and thyroid tissue adjacent to tumor of 41 patients with TMNs. Measurements were performed using a combination of non-destructive instrumental neutron activation analysis and destructive method such as inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry. Results of the study were additionally compared with previously obtained data for the same TEs in “normal” thyroid tissue. It was observed that main characteristics of TMNs in comparison with “normal” thyroid were significantly elevated levels of Ag, Al, B, Bi, Ce, Cr, Hg, Mn, Mo, Ni, Pb, Rb, Sm, and Tl. Furthermore, the TEs composition of thyroid tissue adjacent to tumor did not equal TEs contents of “normal” thyroid. Moreover, contents of such elements as Ag, Hg, and Se in adjacent tissue were higher than in tumor. Thus, from results obtained, it was possible to conclude that at least the excessive accumulation of Ag, Hg, and Se by thyroid tissue is likely to precede the TMNs origination and development. Elevated levels of Ag, Al, B, Bi, Ce, Cr, Hg, Mn, Mo, Ni, Pb, Rb, Sm, and Tl in nodular tissue could possibly be explored for differential diagnosis of benign and malignant thyroid nodules.

show abstract

Physico-chemical characterisation of the fraction of silver (nano)particles in pristine food additive E174 and in E174-containing confectionery

Cited by 24 publications

References 28 publications

Physicochemical characterization of nanoparticles in food additives in the context of risk identification

Physicochemical characterization of nanoparticles in food additives in the context of risk identification

Repeated oral administration of low doses of silver in mice: tissue distribution and effects on central nervous system

Content of 31 trace elements in thyroid malignant nodules and thyroid tissue adjacent to nodules investigated using neutron activation analysis and inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About