Physico-Chemical Characteristics of Some Waters Used for Drinking and Domestic Purposes in the Niger Delta, Nigeria

Rim-Rukeh, Akpofure; Ikhifa, Grace O.; Okokoyo, Peter A.

doi:10.1007/s10661-006-9340-4

Cited by 21 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 3 publications

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“…Our study showed higher lead levels and electrical conductivity data but lower levels of nitrate and BOD when compared to the data presented previously [50] on the physico-chemical characteristics of some river and hand-dug well waters used for drinking and domestic purposes in the oil rich Niger Delta area of Nigeria.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 57%

Effect of Effluents From Warri Refinery Petrochemical Company WRPC on Water and Soil Qualities of “Contiguous Host” and “Impacted on Communities” of Delta State, Nigeria

Nduka¹,

Orisakwe²

2009

TOEPTJ

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This study investigated the effect of refinery effluents on different sources of potable water supply in two areas of Niger Delta contiguous host and impacted on communities of Delta State, Nigeria (surface water, shallow well water and borehole water) in Ekpan, its adjoining communities and creeks. Since open and underground water bodies are regarded as final recipient of most environmental pollutant, we sought through the study to provide data on pollutant load of potable water supply of the study area. Cadmium, chromium, lead and manganese were determined using Atomic Absorption spectrophotometry; physico-chemical parameters such as nitrate,nitrite, pH, Biological oxygen demand BOD, Total hardness TH, salinity and electrical conductivity EC were all determined using their standard methods. Surface water of Aja-Etan and Ijala had highest levels of cadmium (1.45±0.01 and 1.20 ± 0.0(mg/l), that of ifie-kporo and Ekpan had highest lead (1.00 ± 0.01mg/l). Ekpan borehole water is more acidic (4.79± 0.01) than others. Agigba and Ajamimogha surface water had highest level of manganese (2.40 ± 0.03 and 2.20 ± 0.03mg/l). With the exception of Ekpan shallow well, BOD and hardness were in highest concentration in surface water. Some of the parameter were above WHO standards and USEPA maximum contaminant level MCL.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 57%

Effect of Effluents From Warri Refinery Petrochemical Company WRPC on Water and Soil Qualities of “Contiguous Host” and “Impacted on Communities” of Delta State, Nigeria

Nduka¹,

Orisakwe²

2009

TOEPTJ

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“…Presence of decaying organic matter could be attributed as the cause of the turbidity level (Rim-Rukeh et al 2007), while the conductivity of water corresponds to the highest concentrations of dominant ions, which is the result of ion exchange and solubilization in the aquifer (Virkutyte and Sillanpää 2006). The DO level in the water samples ranged from 3.53 to 4.87 mg L −1 .…”

Section: Environmental Variablesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Stagnant surface water bodies (SSWBs) as an alternative water resource for the Chittagong metropolitan area of Bangladesh: physicochemical characterization in terms of water quality indices

Rahman

Islam

Hossain

et al. 2010

Environ Monit Assess

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1The concern over ensuing fresh water scarcity has forced the developing countries to delve 2 for alternative water resources. In this study we examined the potential of stagnant surface 3 water bodies (SSWBs) as alternative fresh water resources in the densely populated 4Chittagong metropolitan area (CMPA) of Bangladesh -where there is an acute shortage of 5 urban fresh water supply. Water samples, collected at one month intervals for a period of one 6 year from 12 stations distributed over the whole metropolis. Samples were analyzed for pH, 7water temperature (WTemp), turbidity, electrical conductivity (EC), total dissolved solids, 8 total solids, total hardness, dissolved oxygen (DO), chloride, orthophosphates, ammonia, total 9 coliforms (TC) and trace metal (Cd, Cr, Cu, Pb, As and Fe) concentrations. Based on these 10 parameters different types of water quality indices (WQIs) were deduced. WQIs showed most 11 of CMPA-SSWBs as good or medium quality water bodies while none were categorized as 12 bad. Moreover, it was observed that the minimal water quality index (WQI m ), computed 13 using five parameters: WTemp, pH, DO, EC and turbidity gave reliable estimate of water 14 quality. The WQI m gave similar results in 72% of the cases compared with other WQIs which 15 were based on larger set of parameters. Based on our finding, we suggest the wider use 16 WQI m in developing countries for assessing health of SSWBs as it will minimize the 17 analytical cost to overcome the budget constraints involved in this kind of evaluations. It was 18 observed that except turbidity and TC content, all other quality parameters fluctuated within 19 the limit of World Health Organization suggested standards for drinking water. From our 20 findings we concluded that if the turbidity and TC content of water from SSWBs in CMPA 21 are taken care of, they will become good candidates as alternative water resources all round 22 the year. 23Keywords: surface water; water chemistry; water quality index; Chittagong; Urban water 24 supply 25 -3 -

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“…Dredging significantly degrades water quality and can harm fisheries. Rim-Rukeh et al (2007) and Ohimain et al (2008) showed that dredging is responsible for physicochemical changes in water of the delta, particularly pH, total dissolved and suspended solids (TDS and TSS), conductivity, turbidity, sulphate, dissolved oxygen, oxygen demand (as biological oxygen demand (BOD) and chemical oxygen demand (COD)). These activities can cause removal of sub-tidal benthic species and communities (such as reduction in the population density and taxa of zooplankton); release of organic matter, nutrients and/or contaminants on aquatic organisms; and disrupt the ambient chemical/physical conditions (such as reduction in light penetration and primary production) (Nayar et al 2007).…”

Section: Dredgingmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Niger Delta wetlands: threats to ecosystem services, their importance to dependent communities and possible management measures

Adekola

Mitchell

2011

International Journal of Biodiversity Science, Ecosystem Servic

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The Niger Delta wetlands are changing rapidly, raising concern for the wetlands' health and for communities relying upon its ecosystem services. Knowledge on ecosystem service provision is important for effective ecosystem and livelihoods management, but is currently lacking for the Niger Delta. We synthesised literature and used the 'Drivers-pressure-state-impact-response' (DPSIR) framework to structure information on changes in the wetlands' ecosystem services and implications for dependent communities. The wetlands' ecosystem services are being eroded through oil and gas exploration, dredging, invasive plant infestation and wetland reclamation. This is exacerbated by rising demand for oil, population growth and weak governance. Mass fish migration, water pollution and reduction of wetland area are also evident, impacting ecosystem services and traditional livelihood systems. This has caused poverty; people have to buy goods that previously could be obtained from the wetlands. Effective wetland management will be aided by: recognition of ecosystem services' contributions to community well-being; understanding how benefits are distributed over time, space, stakeholder; and how these changes in response to pressures. Since key pressures in the wetland are anthropogenic, understanding the role of institutions in relation to the Niger Delta's ecosystem services is imperative.

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Physico-Chemical Characteristics of Some Waters Used for Drinking and Domestic Purposes in the Niger Delta, Nigeria

Cited by 21 publications

References 3 publications

Effect of Effluents From Warri Refinery Petrochemical Company WRPC on Water and Soil Qualities of “Contiguous Host” and “Impacted on Communities” of Delta State, Nigeria

Effect of Effluents From Warri Refinery Petrochemical Company WRPC on Water and Soil Qualities of “Contiguous Host” and “Impacted on Communities” of Delta State, Nigeria

Stagnant surface water bodies (SSWBs) as an alternative water resource for the Chittagong metropolitan area of Bangladesh: physicochemical characterization in terms of water quality indices

The Niger Delta wetlands: threats to ecosystem services, their importance to dependent communities and possible management measures

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