Physico-chemical modifications of conjugated linoleic acid for ruminal protection and oxidative stability

Abstract

Conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) is a mixture of positional and geometric isomers of octadecadienoic acid [linoleic acid (LA), 18:2n-6]. Although ruminant milk and meat products represent the largest natural source of CLA and therefore, their concentration in ruminant lipids are of interest to human health, chemical or physical modifications of CLA should be needed as a means to enhance oxidative stability, to improve post-ruminal bioavailability, and to increase the clinical application. In fact, CLA are rapidly decomposed to form furan fatty acids when its are oxidized in air, and the effectiveness of dietary supplements of CLA may be related to the extent that their metabolisms by rumen bacteria are avoided. For these reasons, many scientists have examined the effect of manufacturing and protection on the stability of CLA in ruminants and food products. In this review, physico-chemical modifications of CLA for ruminal protection such as calcium salt (Ca), formaldehyde protection (FP), lipid encapsulation (LE), and amide linkage (AL), and for oxidative stability such as green tea catechin (GTC), cyclodextrin (CD), arginine (Arg), amylase, and PEGylation are proposed.

Conjugated Linoleic Acid Conversion by Six Lactobacillus plantarum Strains Cultured in MRS Broth Supplemented with Sunflower Oil and Soymilk

“…Compared with the 7 d storage, the total CLA content during the 14 d storage decreased more quickly. During the 14 d storage, the CLA contents continued to decrease for all the soymilk fermented with the 6 L. plantarum strains (Table 3), which mainly caused by CLA autoxidation (Moon and others 2008). CLA was more easily autoxidized than linoleic acid, linolenic acid, and arachidonic acid (Chen and others 1997), and rapidly decomposed to form furan fatty acids when it was oxidized in air, and the effectiveness of dietary supplements of CLA might be related to the extent that their oxidative metabolisms are avoided.…”

CLA induced milk fat depression reduced dry matter intake and improved energy balance in dairy goats

“…calcium salts, amide linkages, formaldehyde treatment and lipid encapsulation). As reviewed by Moon et al (2008), the extent of protection from rumen bacteria as well as post-ruminal bioavailability varies among these supplements, becoming an important issue due to the variation in manufacturing processes and costs associated with their production.…”

Advances in Research oncis-9, trans-11 Conjugated Linoleic Acid: A Major Functional Conjugated Linoleic Acid Isomer

“…CLA mixture supplementation or postruminal infusion can also effectively alter cis-9, trans-11 CLA content in ruminant products (Bell and Kennelly, 2003;Sigl et al, 2010). However, physical or chemical modification of CLA should be done to enhance their oxidative stability and improve their post-ruminal bioavailability (de Veth et al, 2005;Gervais et al, 2005;Moon et al, 2008).…”