Physico‐Chemical Processes

Bai, Hua; Yang, John Jeongseok; Lester, J.N.; Deng, Baolin

doi:10.2175/106143013x13698672321823

Cited by 4 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 90 publications

(109 reference statements)

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“…Для этой цели на свободные поверхности элементов мембран прививают сополимеры, образующие «щетки», которые пропускают или задерживают селективно примеси [23]. Инновационные разработки направлены на создание композитных мембран для очистки воды в трех основных направлениях: (1) неорганические -органические нанокомпозитные мембраны, в том числе мембраны c ориентированными углеродными нанотрубками; (2) гибридные белок-полимерные биомиметические мембраны и (3) «умные» (smart) композитные мембраны, которые предсказуемо реагируют на контакт с примесью из воды [28,[36][37][38][39][40][41][42][43][44].…”

Section: новые мембраныunclassified

“…Для снижения эффекта заиливания мембран применительно к определенным составам очищаемой воды целенаправленно разрабатываются композитные материалы. Например, внедрение наночастиц SiO2 и TiO2 в мембраны из полисульфона или полиэстера приводит к значительному повышению проницаемости мембран при очистке воды от нитратов и от нефти, соответственно [36]. В некоторых случаях предлагается использовать слабое электрическое поле для регулирования электрических взаимодействий, влияющих на заиливание мембран.…”

Section: новые мембраныunclassified

“…В некоторых случаях предлагается использовать слабое электрическое поле для регулирования электрических взаимодействий, влияющих на заиливание мембран. Этот прием достаточно успешно применялся для очистки сточных вод от красителей, а также для захвата вирусов [36].…”

Section: новые мембраныunclassified

“…В качестве антимикробной добавки, прививаемой к поверхности мембраны, используются также углеродные нанотрубки, обеспечивая 60% инактивации бактерий за 1 ч водообработки. В мембранах, содержащих наночастицы фотокатализатора (TiO2), при облучении УФ генерируются фотоны, способствующие образованию в воде гидроксильных радикалов ОН•, содействующих деградации многих токсичных органических примесей [36][37][38][39][40][41].…”

Section: новые мембраныunclassified

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New Composite Materials and Processes for Chemical, Physico-Chemical and Biochemical Technologies of Water Purification

2023

Izv. Vyssh. Uchebn. Zaved. Khim. Khim. Tekhnol.

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In traditional methods of water purification, the use of chemical reagents leads to the appearance of toxic by-products and wastes that require complex energy-consumption processing technologies. In accordance with the principles of sustainable development and “green” technologies, a significant revision of existing water treatment methods is required. The review highlights the main trends of innovative development of water purification and disinfection technologies. Modifications of water treatment agents (flocculants, sorbents, membranes) by integration of nanoparticles, environmentally compatible materials and “smart” composites into traditional structures are described. The use of composite nanoparticles is promising, particularly the use of particles with the “magnetic core – shell” structure, in which functional elements are attached to the surface, that provide the selective capture of contaminants, including pathogenic microorganisms. The existence of the magnetic core makes it possible to manipulate particles by the applied magnetic field, which is important for their complete extraction from the water upon completion of their functions. The use of new composite flocculants containing inorganic and organic components capable of ensuring highly effective capture of contaminants from the water, significantly reduces the volumes of flocculants and generated sludges and therefore allows to reduce the cost of the sludges processing and the harm of their disposal in the environment. New carbon nanostructures and natural polymers have an important role to play. In the new generation membranes, the disperse nanoparticles may provide antibacterial and photocatalytic properties, resulting in the high efficiency of disinfection and purification. A novel trend is the development of hybrid structures of coagulants and membranes with the properties which are regulated by the external stimulus, which are temperature, pH, light, electric, magnetic and electromagnetic fields. The use of such «smart» structures will increase the purification efficiency, reduce energy consumption and water purification waste volumes, due to the decrease in membranes fouling. The use of biopolymers and composites based on plant raw materials for the water purification is attractive due to their natural decontamination under the influence of the components of the environment, such as air, soil micro-organisms and sunlight, but also due to the absence of the secondary pollution. Among innovative chemical water treatment technologies Advanced Oxidation Processes play an important role, in particular, by involving electromagnetic fields and ultrasonic activation. By these methods, harmful organic impurities and pathogens are destroyed without the intensive use of chemicals or the production of toxic by-products. The integration of biochemical wastewater treatment with a microalgae growing system can become a promising waste-free, cost-effective "green" technology.

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Section: новые мембраныunclassified

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New Composite Materials and Processes for Chemical, Physico-Chemical and Biochemical Technologies of Water Purification

2023

Izv. Vyssh. Uchebn. Zaved. Khim. Khim. Tekhnol.

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“…Conventional treatment techniques employ physicochemical processes, biological oxidation, and coagulation to treat tannery effluent. Hua et al (2013) reviewed the physiochemical process like coagulation, sorption, sedimentation, flotation, oxidation, and others, that have been used for treating wastewaters. Vegetable tanning produces effluents that contain high concentrations of organics and certain chemicals that inhibit the activity of microorganisms during their subsequent biological treatment processes.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Treatment of Tannery Effluent Using a Rotating Disc Electrochemical Reactor

Palani¹,

AbdulGani²,

Balasubramanian³

2017

Water Environment Research

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A novel rotating disc electrochemical (RDE) reactor has been developed to treat tannery effluent. Experiments were carried out in batch, batch recirculation, and once-through modes in the reactor covering wide range of operating conditions. The effect of current density (i), cathode rotation speed (R), electrolysis time (t), influent pH, and electrolyte flow rate (Q) on the pollutant removal efficiency and specific energy consumption was critically evaluated. The response of the process parameters were measured in terms of percentage total organic carbon (TOC) removal. The reaction mechanism of electro-oxidation was modeled using first-order kinetics. GC-MS and FT-IR analysis of the raw and treated effluent show that the tannery effluent can be effectively treated using the RDE reactor.

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