Physicochemical Characterization and Controlled Release Formulation on Intercalated 2-Methyl-4-chlorophenoxy Acetic Acid-Graphite Oxide (MCPA-GO) Nanocomposite

Abstract

In this present work, herbicide named 2-methyl-4-chlorophenoxy acetic acid (MCPA) was intercalated into the graphite oxide through ion-exchange method to produce an MCPA-GO nanocomposite as an herbicide delivery system. The formation of MCPA-GO nanocomposite was confirmed by using PXRD, Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR), Thermal Gravimetric Analysis (TGA), UV-Visible Spectroscopy and Accelerated Surface Area Surface (ASAP). As for PXRD pattern, there was increasing in the basal spacing of the nanocomposite from the graphite oxide which by 9.3 to 9.7 Å indicated that MCPA has successfully inserted into the interlayers of the graphite oxide. Meanwhile, the FTIR spectrum showed the appearance of a new peak in MCPA-GO nanocomposite at 1308 cm -1 represents the functional group of carboxylate (COO -). This peak is very necessary for the confirmation of the anionic form of MCPA inserted into the interlayers of graphite oxide. The controlled release property was also done for further investigation by using various aqueous media to determine the percentage release of MCPA from the nanocomposite. The percentage of herbicide release in Na3PO3 solution was higher than in Na2CO3 and NaCl solution proved that the release properties exhibit the potential application of graphite oxide as effective nanocarrier of herbicides. MCPA-GO nanocomposite suggested being most promising herbicide since it can lower the toxicity of precursor MCPA, high biocompatibility, and more efficient in herbicide delivery system.

Preparation of alginate–chitosan floating granules loaded with 2‐methyl‐4‐chlorophenoxy acetic acid (MCPA) and their bioactivity on water hyacinth

“…The peaks at 2926, 1730, 1446 and 1224 cm −1 are due to the stretching of —CH, COO—, —CH and C—O—C, respectively. FTIR spectra of sulfoxaflor and MCPA‐loaded granules revealed that peaks characteristic for MCPA appeared at 1730 and 804 cm −1 , corresponding to the characteristic peaks of COO— stretching vibration and C—Cl bending vibration, respectively 33,34 . Interactions between polymers that lead to the formation of a herbicide matrix did not occur during preparation of the pesticide‐loaded granules.…”