Physicochemical Characterization of a Dental Eggshell Powder Abrasive Material

Onwubu, Stanley Chibuzor; Vahed, Anisa; Singh, Shalini; Kanny, Krishnan

doi:10.5301/jabfm.5000361

Cited by 24 publications

(32 citation statements)

References 33 publications

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“…For Figure 1A, the characteristic peak marked around 34.5 o (2θ) indicates the presence of thermodynamically stable calcite crystalline structure, which is similar to calcium carbonate. 17 The EB@TiO 2 diffraction peak with values lying at 2θ = 29.5 o corresponds to anatase phase and is confirmed with International Centre for Diffraction Data (ICDD Ref: 98-009-6946). Consistent with Tao et al 15 , the shape, intensity, and location of the EB@TiO 2 peaks corresponding to the anatase suggests the deposition of TiO 2 on the surface of the CaCO 3 .…”

Section: Characterizationsupporting

confidence: 60%

“…From an environmental sustainability and management perspective, and as argued by Onwubu et al, 17 using eggshell waste material to treat DH will strengthen the economic benefits associated with using natural waste material, which is high on the global agenda for a greener environment. This argument is supported by Yazıcıoğlu and Ulukap 28 who pointed out that a low cost, affordable, feasible, and sustainable products need to be developed to repair and improved quality of life for patients who do not have to suffer toothache because of sensitivity.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A novel application of nano eggshell/titanium dioxide composite on occluding dentine tubules: an in vitro study

et al. 2019

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To synthesize Nano eggshell-titanium-dioxide (EB@TiO2) biocomposite and to evaluate its effectiveness in occluding opened dentine tubules. EB@TiO2 was synthesized and characterized using X-ray diffraction (XRD), and Transmission Electron Microscope (TEM). Sixteen simulated bovine dentine discs were prepared and randomly assigned into four groups according to the following treatment (n = 4): Group 1: No treatment; Group 2: eggshell powder; Group 3: EB@TiO2; Group 4: Sensodyne. These were then agitated in a solution of 1g powder and 40mL water for 3hours. Thereafter, each dentine discs from the respective groups were post-treated for 5 min with 2wt% citric acid to test their acid resistant characteristics. Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) was used to observe the effectiveness of occluded dentine preand post-treatment. The cytotoxicity of the synthesized EB@TiO2 was tested using NIH 3T3 assay. ANOVA was used to evaluate the mean values of the occluded area ratio and the data of MTS assay. This was followed by a multi-comparison test with Bonferroni correction (α = .05). The XRD confirmed that EB@TiO2 was successfully modified through ball-milling. The TEM revealed the presence of both spherical and irregular particle shape powders. The SEM result showed that EB@TiO2 could effectively occlude open dentine tubules. Equally, the result demonstrated that EB@TiO2 exhibited the highest acid resistant stability post-treatment. NIH 3T3 assay identified that EB@TiO2 had little effect on the NIH 3T3 cell line even at the highest concentration of 100µg/ml. This study suggests that the application of EB@TiO2 effectively occluded dentine tubules and the occlusion showed a high acid resistant stability.

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Section: Characterizationsupporting

confidence: 60%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A novel application of nano eggshell/titanium dioxide composite on occluding dentine tubules: an in vitro study

et al. 2019

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“…Eggshells are natural structures composed of both inorganic and organic components such as ~ 97% of calcium carbonates in the form of calcite; 1% magnesium carbonate; 1% apatite (Ca 3 (PO 4 ) 2 ; and ~ 5% of organic matter. 22,23 Owing to this unique chemical composition, eggshells have been used either directly or indirectly as a bone substitute in maxillo-facial surgery, 24 and as source of hydroxyapatite in bone regeneration. 25 To our knowledge, there is limited research on the use of eggshells in examining the effectiveness of commercial toothpaste in the prevention of dental caries.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

An in vitro examination on the effectiveness of commercial toothpastes in the prevention of tooth decay, using eggshell as a substitute for human tooth material

et al. 2018

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Background: Despite improvements in oral health status, dental caries remains a public concern. This study examines the effectiveness of commercial toothpastes in the prevention of tooth decay, using eggshell powder as a substitute for human tooth material. Methods: Colgate, Aquafresh, Colgate Sensitive, Sensodyne, and Oralwise were tested. An enamel model was simulated by adding eggshell powder to beakers containing dissolved toothpastes. The contents were agitated for eight hours at 800rpm, filtered and oven dried. Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) and Energy Dispersive Spectroscopy (EDX) were used to characterise the surface morphology and the calcium and phosphate composition of the toothpastes pre-and post-agitation with eggshell powder. Gas-displacement and pressure sensor tests evaluated the rate of reaction between the substitute "tooth enamel" and acids. results: EDX analysis confirmed the presence of calcium phosphate ions, while SEM revealed the formation of an enamel-like layer after agitation. Pressure sensor tests confirmed Colgate Sensitive as most effective in protection against acid attacks, with Oralwise least effective. conclusions: Eggshell can be used as a substitute for the human tooth in an in vitro experiment. All the tested brands of toothpaste effectively reduced the acid reaction, which would contribute to the prevention of tooth decay.

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“…The preparation and synthesizes of EnHAp from eggshells waste followed three steps. In the first step, eggshell waste collected from fast food outlets within Durban, South Africa was prepared according to the procedure reported by Onwubu et al 32 The eggshells were washed with deionized water to remove surface impurities. Thereafter, they were disinfected by storing them in a dilute solution of household sodium hypochlorite for 6 h, and subsequently vacuum dried for 6-9 min at 250°C.…”

Section: Preparation and Synthesis Of Enhap From Eggshell Wastementioning

confidence: 99%

In vitro evaluation of nanohydroxyapatite synthesized from eggshell waste in occluding dentin tubules

Onwubu

Mhlungu

Mdluli

2019

Journal of Applied Biomaterials & Functional Materials

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Objectives: Dentin hypersensitivity (DH) is a notable painful condition with a negative impact on quality of life. This paper evaluates the occluding abilities of nanohydroxyapatite synthesized from the eggshell waste (EnHAp) in the treatment of DH. Methods: EnHAp was synthesized following the wet chemical precipitation method. The purity and phase change were characterized using Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) and X-ray diffraction (XRD). Field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM) and high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM) were used to observe the morphology of EnHAp. The occluding capabilities were evaluated in vitro using the bovine model. Twenty-five simulated dentin specimens were randomly assigned to five groups: Group 1, untreated; Group 2, eggshell powder alone; Group 3, calcined eggshell powder; Group 4, Colgate Sensitive treated, EnHAp; and Group 5, calcium dihydrogen phosphate (n = 5). The specimens were then subjected to remineralization protocol. The tubule occluding capabilities were observed using FESEM. Analysis of variance was used to analyze the occluding ratio values for all treated specimens. Post hoc test with Bonferroni correction was used to identify the mean differences among the five test groups (α = .05). Results: The FTIR and XRD results confirm that synthesis of EnHAp occurred. HRTEM and FESEM revealed an irregular rod structure with a particle size of 65 nm. The occluding area ratios observed for the EnHAp specimens were significantly higher than other test groups (p < 0.001). Conclusions: The application of EnHAp resulted in an efficient occlusion of dentin tubule. This study suggests that EnHAp is an effective therapy to treat DH.

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Physicochemical Characterization of a Dental Eggshell Powder Abrasive Material

Cited by 24 publications

References 33 publications

A novel application of nano eggshell/titanium dioxide composite on occluding dentine tubules: an in vitro study

A novel application of nano eggshell/titanium dioxide composite on occluding dentine tubules: an in vitro study

An in vitro examination on the effectiveness of commercial toothpastes in the prevention of tooth decay, using eggshell as a substitute for human tooth material

In vitro evaluation of nanohydroxyapatite synthesized from eggshell waste in occluding dentin tubules

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