Physicochemical characterization of smoke aerosol during large-scale wildfires: Extreme event of August 2010 in Moscow

Popovicheva, Olga; Kistler, Magdalena; Kireeva, Elena D.; Persiantseva, N. M.; Тимофеев, М. А.; Kopeikin, V. M.; Kasper‐Giebl, Anne

doi:10.1016/j.atmosenv.2014.03.026

Cited by 83 publications

(101 citation statements)

References 60 publications

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“…In the complete phase, PM 10 mass of 16.0 ± 1.5 mg m -3 was observed. TC contributed 41 ± 11% to PM 10 , in line with carbon content reported for various BB sources (Reid et al, 2005;Oanh et al, 2011;Popovicheva et al, 2014a). Smoke mass was dominated by OC and ionic species such as HCOO -, K + , NH 4 + , and Cl -, with contributions from certain elements, as shown by the average mass balance in Fig.…”

Section: On-field Burning Traffic and Cooking Sourcessupporting

confidence: 60%

“…Distinct regional characteristics in BB smoke have been observed, suggesting that local emissions dominate aerosol chemistry (Engling et al, 2011;Lim et al, 2012), while transport from wildfire sources impacts the composition of aged aerosols (Diapouli et al, 2014;Engling et al, 2014;Popovicheva et al, 2016). Specifically, BB may profoundly affect air quality and public health in urban areas, indicating smoke as an indicator of harmful pollution (Amiridis et al, 2012;Popovicheva et al, 2014a). Based on composition and morphology, distinct types of aerosols such as soot, tar balls, and organic particles with inorganic inclusions dominated by potassium and sulfates were identified in fire emissions (Posfai et al, 2003;Hand et al, 2005).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Aerosol Pollutants during Agricultural Biomass Burning: A Case Study in Ba Vi Region in Hanoi, Vietnam

Popovicheva

Shonija

Persiantseva

et al. 2017

Aerosol Air Qual. Res.

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Impact of traditional biomass burning activities on regional air quality is a major environmental concern. Measurement campaigns were performed during post-harvesting activities in the Ba Vi region in Hanoi in May-June of 2015 and 2016. To quantify the source for regional haze the sampling of rice straw burning emissions was performed on fields. Carbonaceous (OC, EC, BrC) fractions, heavy metals, organic and ionic composition, and microstructure were characterized. A set of functionalities (hydroxyl, aliphatic, carbonyl, carboxylate, and nitro groups) revealed a functional marker of pile combustion. Optical, microstructural, and chemical analyses of environmentally-dangerous pollutants from traffic and cooking sources provided characteristics and functional markers of different pollution sources. Chemical features of rice straw burning were identified on the Ba Vi site during the haze episode of 2015, when PM 10 mass approached the high smoke intensity, up to 167 µg m -3 . Small-scale meteorology affected PM 10 , OC and EC, and ion mass in days of highest relative humidity and fogs. In days of highest smoke OC dominated PM 10 mass by up to 42%, the OC/EC ratio approached 20, in line with observations of mainly smoldering emissions across the fields. Spectral features of regional haze smoke demonstrated the absorption of rice straw burning whereas the impact of biogenic, traffic, and cooking sources were significantly lower. Individual particle analyses showed carbonaceous particles internally/externally mixed with inorganic fly ash and dust. Smoke micromarkers revealed the microstructure of regional aerosols representative for Southeast Asia in BB periods. Significantly lower PM 10 mass concentrations and strong difference in aerosol composition before post-harvesting activities suggested that agricultural burning represents a large contribution to air quality degradation in the rural area of Vietnam.

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Section: On-field Burning Traffic and Cooking Sourcessupporting

confidence: 60%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Aerosol Pollutants during Agricultural Biomass Burning: A Case Study in Ba Vi Region in Hanoi, Vietnam

Popovicheva

Shonija

Persiantseva

et al. 2017

Aerosol Air Qual. Res.

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“…This finding confirms the assumption of Liu et al (2000) that potassium organically bound in fluids of vegetation can be evaporated during burning, and further oxidation leads to nucleation and condensation of potassium salts in smoke particles. Elevated concentrations of K + ions found in aged smoke in comparison with fresh fire-emitted particles (Popovicheva et al, 2015b) confirm potassium salt formation, well in line with their observations during BB episodes (Engling et al, 2011) and wildfire events (Popovicheva et al, 2014a).…”

Section: Aged Smokesupporting

confidence: 68%

“…However, some of these particles appeared with compact morphology of fused particles instead of fractal shape (Fig. 1.4), as was observed in smoke emissions from flaming burns of other biomass species (Popovicheva et al, 2014a). These particles probably contain OC with relative abundances in total carbon as high as 32% and 37% in pine and debris smoke, respectively (Popovicheva et al, 2015b).…”

Section: Fractionation With Respect To Morphology and Compositionmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…Biomass burning (BB) aerosols have gradually received wide attention owing to their importance in regards to BC impacts on the environment and the cloud radiation properties due to the aerosol indirect effect in form of increasing the concentration of cloud droplets by serving as cloud condensation (CCN) and ice nuclei (IN) (Ito and Penner, 2005;Popovicheva et al, 2010).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Small-Scale Study of Siberian Biomass Burning: II. Smoke Hygroscopicity

Popovicheva

Persiantseva

Тимофеев

et al. 2016

Aerosol Air Qual. Res.

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A lack of understanding about the impact of Siberian wildfire emissions on the environment necessitates the characterization of biomass burning aerosol hygroscopicity. Flaming fires of typical Siberian biomass (pine and debris) were simulated during small-scale combustion experiments in a Large Aerosol Chamber (LAC). Analyses of individual particles with respect to morphology and elemental composition allows the separation of freshly-produced smoke into five fractions with the elemental carbon, chain soot agglomerates, irregular internally mixed soot, and distinct irregular minerals of fly ash containing S, Ca, Al, and Si. Aging in a dark chamber leads to an appearance of the fraction with inorganic inclusions such as KCl and CaCl 2 . Categorization of fresh-emitted and aged particles on hydrophobic, hydrophilic, and hygroscopic ones is performed. The criteria for categorization are extended from fossil fuel hightemperature combustion, based on a concept of water uptake by soot particles and utilization of a number of reference soots with known oxygen content and mixtures with sulfates and other inorganic salts. We show how the hydration properties of emitted smoke particles and inorganic inclusions can increase the initial level of smoke hygroscopicity.

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Analysis of aerosol composition data for western United States wildfires between 2005 and 2015: Dust emissions, chloride depletion, and most enhanced aerosol constituents

et al. 2017

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This study examines major wildfires in the western United States between 2005 and 2015 to determine which species exhibit the highest percent change in mass concentration on day of peak fire influence relative to preceding nonfire days. Forty‐one fires were examined using the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) Interagency Monitoring of Protected Visual Environments (IMPROVE) data set. Organic carbon (OC) and elemental carbon (EC) constituents exhibited the highest percent change increase. The sharpest enhancements were for the volatile (OC1) and semivolatile (OC2) OC fractions, suggestive of secondary organic aerosol formation during plume transport. Of the noncarbonaceous constituents, Cl, P, K, NO3−, and Zn levels exhibited the highest percent change. Dust was significantly enhanced in wildfire plumes, based on significant enhancements in fine soil components (i.e., Si, Ca, Al, Fe, and Ti) and PMcoarse (i.e., PM10–PM2.5). A case study emphasized how transport of wildfire plumes significantly impacted downwind states, with higher levels of fine soil and PMcoarse at the downwind state (Arizona) as compared to the source of the fires (California). A global model (Navy Aerosol Analysis and Prediction System, NAAPS) did not capture the dust influence over California or Arizona during this case event because it is not designed to resolve dust dynamics in fires, which motivates improved treatment of such processes. Significant chloride depletion was observed on the peak EC day for almost a half of the fires examined. Size‐resolved measurements during two specific fires at a coastal California site revealed significant chloride reductions for particle aerodynamic diameters between 1 and 10 μm.

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Physicochemical characterization of smoke aerosol during large-scale wildfires: Extreme event of August 2010 in Moscow

Cited by 83 publications

References 60 publications

Aerosol Pollutants during Agricultural Biomass Burning: A Case Study in Ba Vi Region in Hanoi, Vietnam

Aerosol Pollutants during Agricultural Biomass Burning: A Case Study in Ba Vi Region in Hanoi, Vietnam

Small-Scale Study of Siberian Biomass Burning: II. Smoke Hygroscopicity

Analysis of aerosol composition data for western United States wildfires between 2005 and 2015: Dust emissions, chloride depletion, and most enhanced aerosol constituents

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