Physicochemical Factors Affecting the Growth of Burkholderia pseudomallei in Soil Microcosm

Wang-ngarm, Supunnipa; Chareonsudjai, Sorujsiri; Chareonsudjai, Pisit

doi:10.4269/ajtmh.13-0446

Cited by 35 publications

(42 citation statements)

References 37 publications

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“…This result confirmed our earlier findings that these conditions could be used to control bacterial numbers. 16 Our results are consistent with the results of previous studies showing that B. pseudomallei undergoes a transition from a rod form to a coccoid form in response to environmental FIGURE 5. Culturability and viability of Burkholderia pseudomallei grown in soil microcosms supplemented with 1.5% NaCl.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 83%

“…The adaptation of B. pseudomallei through morphological alterations may increase its longevity in soil, particularly in endemic areas in which the soil has physicochemical properties suitable for soil-borne pathogens. 16,17,32 Conversely, the loss of culturability and viability observed in soils with high-osmotic stress (i.e., 1.5-3% NaCl), Figure 5A and B) suggests a method of controlling the B. pseudomallei population because our results showed that B. pseudomallei lost its viability after 120 days of exposure to osmotic stress. This result confirmed our earlier findings that these conditions could be used to control bacterial numbers.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 76%

“…16,22 was used throughout this study. The soil sample was sieved through a 2-mm pore size sieve and was air-dried for 1 day.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…15 Moreover, this soil-borne pathogen can survive for 7 days in soils with pH values ranging from 4 to 7 or those containing 0.25-1.0% sodium chloride (NaCl). 16 A study of soil microcosms demonstrated that dry soil in tropical endemic regions may act as a reservoir of B. pseudomallei during the dry season, with an increase in their number and the potential for their mobilization from the soil to water occurring during the wet season. 17 The association of the presence of B. pseudomallei with that of iron and salt in water and soil has been demonstrated in endemic areas.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…17 The association of the presence of B. pseudomallei with that of iron and salt in water and soil has been demonstrated in endemic areas. 16,[18][19][20][21][22] These results may facilitate understanding of the ability of B. pseudomallei to adapt to soil in northeastern Thailand that has different environmental features, including high salinity and the presence of iron. The resilience exhibited by B. pseudomallei in endemic areas has resulted in a high risk of pathogen exposure.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Morphological Alteration and Survival of Burkholderia pseudomallei in Soil Microcosms

Kamjumphol¹,

Chareonsudjai²,

Taweechaisupapong³

et al. 2015

The American Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene

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The resilience of Burkholderia pseudomallei, the causative agent of melioidosis, was evaluated in control soil microcosms and in soil microcosms containing NaCl or FeSO4 at 30°C. Iron (Fe(II)) promoted the growth of B. pseudomallei during the 30-day observation, contrary to the presence of 1.5% and 3% NaCl. Scanning electron micrographs of B. pseudomallei in soil revealed their morphological alteration from rod to coccoid and the formation of microcolonies. The smallest B. pseudomallei cells were found in soil with 100 μM FeSO4 compared with in the control soil or soil with 0.6% NaCl (P < 0.05). The colony count on Ashdown's agar and bacterial viability assay using the LIVE/DEAD® BacLight™ stain combined with flow cytometry showed that B. pseudomallei remained culturable and viable in the control soil microcosms for at least 120 days. In contrast, soil with 1.5% NaCl affected their culturability at day 90 and their viability at day 120. Our results suggested that a low salinity and iron may influence the survival of B. pseudomallei and its ability to change from a rod-like to coccoid form. The morphological changes of B. pseudomallei cells may be advantageous for their persistence in the environment and may increase the risk of their transmission to humans.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 83%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 76%

“…16,22 was used throughout this study. The soil sample was sieved through a 2-mm pore size sieve and was air-dried for 1 day.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Morphological Alteration and Survival of Burkholderia pseudomallei in Soil Microcosms

Kamjumphol¹,

Chareonsudjai²,

Taweechaisupapong³

et al. 2015

The American Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene

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Effects of sodium chloride on heat resistance, oxidative susceptibility, motility, biofilm and plaque formation of Burkholderia pseudomallei

et al. 2017

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Burkholderia pseudomallei is an environmental saprophyte and the causative agent of melioidosis, a severe infectious disease prevalent in tropical areas, including southeast Asia and northern Australia. In Thailand, the highest incidence of melioidosis is in the northeast region, where saline soil and water are abundant. We hypothesized that B. pseudomallei develops an ability to thrive in saline conditions and gains a selective ecological advantage over other soil‐dwelling microorganisms. However, little is known about how an elevated NaCl concentration affects survival and adaptive changes in this pathogen. In this study, we examined the adaptive changes in six isolates of B. pseudomallei after growth in Luria‐Bertani medium containing different concentrations of NaCl at 37°C for 6 hr. The bacteria were then investigated for resistance to heat at 50°C and killing by hydrogen peroxide (H2O2). In addition, flagellar production, biofilm formation, and the plaque formation efficiency of B. pseudomallei after culture in saline conditions were observed. In response to exposure to 150 and 300 mmol L−1 NaCl, all B. pseudomallei isolates showed significantly increased thermal tolerance, oxidative resistance, and plaque‐forming efficiency. However, NaCl exposure notably decreased the number of B. pseudomallei flagella. Taken together, these results provide insight into the adaptations of B. pseudomallei that might be crucial for survival and persistence in the host and/or endemic environments with high salinity.

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Antibacterial activity of chitosan against Burkholderia pseudomallei

Kamjumphol

Chareonsudjai

2017

MicrobiologyOpen

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The ability of Burkholderia pseudomallei to persist and survive in the environment is a health problem worldwide. Therefore, the antibacterial activities of chitosan against four environmental isolates of B. pseudomallei from soil in Khon Kaen, Thailand, were investigated. Antibacterial activities were assessed by a plate count technique after treatment with 0.2, 0.5, 1, 2 or 5 mg ml−1 chitosan for 0, 24 and 48 hr. Chitosan at 5 mg ml−1 completely killed all four B. pseudomallei isolates within 24 hr, whilst 2 mg ml−1 chitosan lowered the viability of B. pseudomallei by 20% within the same time span. Chitosan may act by disruption of the cell membrane, releasing intracellular components that can be detected spectrophotometrically at 260 and 280 nm. Transmission electron microscopy inspection of chitosan‐treated B. pseudomallei revealed damage to the bacterial membranes. This study demonstrated the effective antibacterial activity by chitosan against B. pseudomallei. Chitosan causes disruption of the bacterial cell membrane, release of intracellular constituents and cell death. This study revealed the inhibitory potential of chitosan for mitigating B. pseudomallei occurrences.

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Physicochemical Factors Affecting the Growth of Burkholderia pseudomallei in Soil Microcosm

Cited by 35 publications

References 37 publications

Morphological Alteration and Survival of Burkholderia pseudomallei in Soil Microcosms

Morphological Alteration and Survival of Burkholderia pseudomallei in Soil Microcosms

Effects of sodium chloride on heat resistance, oxidative susceptibility, motility, biofilm and plaque formation of Burkholderia pseudomallei

Antibacterial activity of chitosan against Burkholderia pseudomallei

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