Physicochemical properties and lead ion adsorption of biochar prepared from Turkish gall residue at different pyrolysis temperatures

Abstract

How to correctly and scientifically dispose of medicine residue on the basis of protecting the environment is an urgent problem to be solved due to the continuous generation of a large amount of waste medicine residue. In this paper, the application of waste medicine residue (large volume produced each year) as a precursor in producing a biochar that could adsorb Pb ion was reported. Biochar is a stable, aromatic, porous substance that is rich in carbon and prepared through pyrolysis of waste biomass under anaerobic conditions. In this study, medicine residue was used as raw material, and high‐temperature sintering furnace was used to prepare medicine slag biochar at different temperatures of 200°C, 300°C, 400°C, 500°C, and 600°C. The resulting biochar was characterized by elemental analysis, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), specific surface area analysis, field emission‐scanning electron microscopy (FE‐SEM), X‐ray diffraction (XRD), and Raman spectroscopy (RS). Experimental results showed that with the increase in pyrolysis temperature, the biochar structure was destroyed. The yield decreased as the temperature gradually decreased from 81.69% to 33.90%. With the increase in temperature, the pH, the ash, and the fixed carbon gradually increased, whereas the number of surface functional groups decreased. The quasi second order kinetic equation can better fit the kinetic characteristics of adsorbing Pb ion by biochar. In general, this study provides a valuable method for recycling medicine residue.

Adsorption Performance of Methylene Blue by KOH/FeCl3 Modified Biochar/Alginate Composite Beads Derived from Agricultural Waste

“…The XRD spectra of the samples are illustrated in Figure 3 b. For the four samples in the figure, the broad diffraction peaks near 2θ = 22° are characteristic peaks for cellulose and hemicellulose [ 33 ]. After modification, FeCl 3 significantly changed the XRD spectrum of CB.…”

Multi‐factorial investigation of the effect of biochar of the secondary medicinal residue of snow lotus on the adsorption of two azo dyes, methyl red and methyl orange

“…Combining the spectral features of FT‐IR and NIR, the aromatization of both charcoals increased with the increase of the cleavage temperature, and the conjugated double bonds increased, while the polar structures such as hydroxyl and carboxyl groups decreased, which would lead to a weakening of the electrostatic effect of ionic bonds. It can be speculated that the adsorption of biochar to MO mainly relies on the π–π conjugation effect between molecules, while the binding of MR to both types of charcoal mainly relies on the ion exchange effect (Table 6) (Ren et al, 2020; Shao et al, 2020; Zhou et al, 2021). Under the condition (the surroundings pH = 8, the dyes adsorption concentration of 8 mg/L, adsorption temperature of 20–40°C and time of about 1 h), the removal of MO by SBA could reach approximately 60–80% (480–640 mg/g), while the removal of MR could reach more than 90% (>720 mg/g).…”

Analysis of an Aqueous Extract from Turkish Galls Based on Multicomponent Qualitative and Quantitative Analysis Combined with Network Pharmacology and Chemometric Analysis

“…TG, also known as Moshizi or Wushizi, is a commonly used medicinal herb in Uygur medicine due to its high medicinal value [1][2][3]. It is recorded in many ancient Chinese medicine books such as "Haiyao defciency, diarrhea, Yin sweating, spermatorrhea, cough, toothache, slow-healing sores, hair loss, anal fssure, diabetes, and damp heat or hematogenous diseases [4,5]. Te analysis reveals that TG has a higher concentration of polyphenols, polysaccharides, favonoids, cellulose, tannins, and other substances.…”

“…It also helps soothe the lungs, cool the blood, and stop bleeding. It is primarily used to treat a range of conditions including gingival swelling, sore and bleeding gums, wound bleeding, hematochezia, hemoptysis, large intestine deficiency, diarrhea, Yin sweating, spermatorrhea, cough, toothache, slow-healing sores, hair loss, anal fissure, diabetes, and damp heat or hematogenous diseases [ 4 , 5 ]. The analysis reveals that TG has a higher concentration of polyphenols, polysaccharides, flavonoids, cellulose, tannins, and other substances.…”