Physicochemical properties of newly developed bioactive glass cement and its effects on various cells

Abstract

Biomaterials used in dental treatments are expected to have favorable properties such as biocompatibility and an ability to induce tissue formation in dental pulp and periapical tissue, as well as sealing to block external stimuli. Bioactive glasses have been applied in bone engineering, but rarely applied in the field of dentistry. In the present study, bioactive glass cement for dental treatment was developed, and then its physicochemical properties and effects on cell responses were analyzed. To clarify the physicochemical attributes of the cement, field emission scanning electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction, and pH measurement were carried out. Cell attachment, morphology, and viability to the cement were also examined to clarify the effects of the cement on odontoblast-like cells (KN-3 cells), osteoblastic cells (MC3T3-E1 cells), human periodontal ligament stem/progenitor cells and neuro-differentiative cells (PC-12 cells). Hydroxyapatite-like precipitation was formed on the surface of the hardened cement and the pH level changed from pH10 to pH9, then stabilized in simulate body fluid. The cement had no cytotxic effects on these cells, and particulary induced process elongation of PC-12 cells. Our results suggest that the newly developed bioactive glass cement have capability of the application in dental procedures as bioactive cement.

In vitro and in vivo effects of a novel bioactive glass‐based cement used as a direct pulp capping agent

“…A newly developed bioactive glass‐based cement (Nishika Canal Sealer BG [NCS‐BG]; Nippon Shika Yakuhin, Yamaguchi, Japan) is now being commercially marketed as a root canal sealer. A prototype of NCS‐BG exhibited hydroxyapatite‐like precipitation on the surface of the hardened cement, a stable pH level, and biocompatibility, without exhibiting cytotoxic effects . An improved version of the bioactive glass‐based cement has been developed as a pulp capping agent, and it is in vitro and in vivo properties were examined in this study.…”

Current and future options for dental pulp therapy

“…Because bioactive glasses show a clinical ability to bond with bone through the formation of a hydroxyapatite layer on the surface [49], [50], they have been used in the field of orthopedic surgery for bone engineering [51], [52]. We hypothesized that bioactive glasses could be used in dental treatment, and we have recently developed bioactive glass-based cement [53]. The prototype of the bioactive glass-based cement exhibited hydroxyapatite-like precipitation on the surface of the hardened cement, a stable pH level, and biocompatibility, without exhibiting cytotoxic effects [53].…”

“…We hypothesized that bioactive glasses could be used in dental treatment, and we have recently developed bioactive glass-based cement [53]. The prototype of the bioactive glass-based cement exhibited hydroxyapatite-like precipitation on the surface of the hardened cement, a stable pH level, and biocompatibility, without exhibiting cytotoxic effects [53]. From this prototype, a newly bioactive glass-based root canal sealer (Nishika Canal Sealer BG; Nippon Shika Yakuhin Co., Ltd., Yamaguchi, Japan) has been developed and is now being commercially marketed.…”

Bioactive Glass-Based Endodontic Sealer as a Promising Root Canal Filling Material without Semisolid Core Materials

“…The pH of a CS-BG sample that was hardened in simulated body fluid (SBF) was measured in the purified water. The pH gradually decreased during periodic immersion and stabilized at around pH = 10 (Figure 5); this pH is optimal for the formation of HAp on the BG surface [49,50,51]. This alkaline pH is maintained by ions evolving from non-BG components.…”