Physicochemical Properties of Starch Isolated from Bracken (<i>Pteridium aquilinim</i>) Rhizome

Yu, Xurun; Wang, Jin; Zhang, Jing; Wang, Leilei; Wang, Zhong

doi:10.1111/1750-3841.13129

Cited by 9 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 39 publications

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“…The abundance of soluble sugars might be interpreted as evidence for a storage function for P. nudum rhizomes but, to the best of our knowledge, the corresponding storage sugar polymers have not been analyzed in this species. The chemical properties of rhizome starches have been reported for other ferns (Zhang S. et al, 2011; Yu et al, 2015) and this work indicates indirectly (based on the high abundance of sugar precursors) that storage function is a possibility. It is also conceivable that relatively high levels of soluble sugars and organic acids are a reflection of active metabolism to support horizontal rhizome growth in P. nudum .…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 65%

Assessing Chemical Diversity in Psilotum nudum (L.) Beauv., a Pantropical Whisk Fern That Has Lost Many of Its Fern-Like Characters

et al. 2019

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Members of the Psilotales (whisk ferns) have a unique anatomy, with conducting tissues but lacking true leaves and roots. Based on recent phyogenies, these features appear to represent a reduction from a more typical modern fern plant rather than the persistence of ancestral features. In this study, extracts of several Psilotum organs and tissues were analyzed by Gas Chromatography – Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS) and High Performance Liquid Chromatography – Quadrupole Time of Flight – Mass Spectrometry (HPLC-QTOF-MS). Some arylpyrones and biflavonoids had previously been reported to occur in Psilotum and these metabolite classes were found to be prominent constituents in the present study. Some of these were enriched and further characterized by Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) spectroscopy. HPLC-QTOF-MS and NMR data were searched against an updated Spektraris database (expanded by incorporating over 300 new arylpyrone and biflavonoid spectral records) to aid significantly with peak annotation. Principal Component Analysis (PCA) with combined GC-MS and HPLC-QTOF-MS data sets obtained with several Psilotum organs and tissues indicated a clear separation of the sample types. The principal component scores for below-ground rhizome samples corresponded to the vectors for carbohydrate monomers and dimers and small organic acids. Above-ground rhizome samples had principal component scores closer to the direction of vectors for arylpyrone glycosides and sucrose (which had high concentrations in above-and below-ground rhizomes). The unique position of brown synangia in a PCA plot correlated with the vector for biflavonoid glycosides. Principal component scores for green and yellow synangia correlated with the direction of vectors for arylpyrone glycosides and biflavonoid aglycones. Localization studies with cross sections of above-ground rhizomes, using Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption/Ionization – Mass Spectrometry (MALDI-MS), provided evidence for a preferential accumulation of arylpyrone glycosides and biflavonoid aglycones in cells of the chlorenchyma. Our results indicate a differential localization of metabolites with potentially tissue-specific functions in defenses against biotic and abiotic stresses. The data are also a foundation for follow-up work to better understand chemical diversity in the Psilotales and other members of the fern lineage.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 65%

Assessing Chemical Diversity in Psilotum nudum (L.) Beauv., a Pantropical Whisk Fern That Has Lost Many of Its Fern-Like Characters

et al. 2019

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“…The pore characteristics have profound influence on the starch physicochemical properties and the susceptibility of starch for digestion and modification ( 11 , 12 ). The above observations were consistent with previous findings in bracken starch ( 6 ). Comparing to main-stream starches, bracken starch granules are similar in shape to potato and chickpea starch granules which are mostly oval-shaped, but very different from corn starch granules which are polygonal-shaped ( 13 ).…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 94%

“…Generally, the bracken starch granules had a mean area diameter no more than 20 μm, and volume diameter less than 25 μm. The J 1 and J 2 sample had a mean area diameter of 19.4 μm and 16.1 μm, respectively, this is similar with the previous report which recorded 17.8 μm as the mean diameter for bracken starch granules ( 6 ). Basically, the size of bracken starch granules was larger than that of pearl millet, quinoa and amaranth starch granules ( 14 ).…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 90%

“…The viscosity of bracken starches appeared to be lower than that of most of rice ( 21 ) and potato starch ( 20 ). The viscosity values were all much lower than previously reported ( 6 ). This could be attributed to many factors.…”

Section: Resultscontrasting

confidence: 77%

“…Previously, it is reported that bracken fern contains various nutrients, such like protein, carbohydrates, fat, vitamins, trace minerals and carotenoids ( 4 ). It was found that abundant starch granules accumulate in parenchymal cells of bracken fern rhizome ( 5 ), an up to 45.29% total starch content was reported for bracken fern ( 6 ). However, the characteristics of starch from this botanical source remain largely unknown.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Structural and physicochemical properties of bracken fern (Pteridium aquilinum) starch

Zhang

Ren

et al. 2023

Front. Nutr.

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IntroductionBracken fern (Pteridium aquilinum) starch is a non-mainstream, litter-researched starch, thus the starch characteristics remain largely unknown.MethodsThe structural and physicochemical properties of two bracken starches were systematically investigated, by use of various techniques that routinely applied in starch analysis.Results and DiscussionThe starches had amylose contents of 22.6 and 24.7%, respectively. The starch granules possessed C-type polymorph with D (4,3) ranging from 18.6 to 24.5 μm. During gelatinization event, the bracken starches showed lower viscosity than typical for rice starch, and lower gelatinization temperature than typical for cereal starches. After gelatinization event, bracken starches formed much softer and sticky gel than rice and potato starch. The molecular weight and branching degree (indexed by Mw, Mn and Rz values) of bracken starches were much higher than starches of many other sources. The branch chain length distributions showed that the bracken starches were structurally similar to some rice varieties (e. g. BP033, Beihan 1#), as reflected by proportions of A, B1, B2, and B3 chains. Notable differences in some starch traits between the two bracken starches were recorded, e. g. amylose content, gel hardness, gelatinization temperature and traits of structural properties. This study provides useful information on the utilization of bracken starch in both food and non-food industries.

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Anti-Alzheimer's disease potential of traditional chinese medicinal herbs as inhibitors of BACE1 and AChE enzymes

Dai

Sun²,

Su³

et al. 2022

Biomedicine & Pharmacotherapy

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Physicochemical Properties of Starch Isolated from Bracken (Pteridium aquilinim) Rhizome

Cited by 9 publications

References 39 publications

Assessing Chemical Diversity in Psilotum nudum (L.) Beauv., a Pantropical Whisk Fern That Has Lost Many of Its Fern-Like Characters

Assessing Chemical Diversity in Psilotum nudum (L.) Beauv., a Pantropical Whisk Fern That Has Lost Many of Its Fern-Like Characters

Structural and physicochemical properties of bracken fern (Pteridium aquilinum) starch

Anti-Alzheimer's disease potential of traditional chinese medicinal herbs as inhibitors of BACE1 and AChE enzymes

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