Physicochemical properties of the exocellular polysaccharide from Cyanospira capsulata

Cesàro, Attilio; Liut, Gianfranco; Bertocchi, Claudia; Navarini, Luciano; Urbani, Ranieri

doi:10.1016/0141-8130(90)90057-h

Cited by 38 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…This suggested that the overall polymeric conformation observed was a 'random coil', agreeing with previous studies of exopolysaccharides produced by some cyanobacteria and by the green macroalga Ulva sp.. Furthermore, this also highlighted a disordered sequence of saccharide units in the polymer chain (Cesàro et al 1990, Paradossi et al 1999, 2002, Bellezza et al 2003. In contrast to temperature, pH did have an effect on the spectral qualities of biofilm exopolysaccharides.…”

supporting

confidence: 75%

Seasonal succession of phototrophic biofilms in an Italian wastewater treatment plant: biovolume, spatial structure and exopolysaccharides

Congestri

Pippo²,

Philippis³

et al. 2006

Aquat. Microb. Ecol.

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A multiphasic approach was applied to investigate the structural features of phototrophic biofilms that grow in a wastewater treatment plant (WWTP) at Fiumicino Airport (Rome, Italy). Seasonal variations in species composition, biomass and exopolysaccharides produced were analyzed by light (LM) and electron microscopy (SEM), high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) and circular dichroism (CD). Phototroph contribution to the 3-dimensional structure of the biofilm and its development was assessed by confocal laser scanning microscopy. Analysis of biofilms grown on polypropylene slides showed a stable species composition; seasonal changes in biomass were mostly due to changes of major cyanobacterial and algal taxonomic groups. Extensive growth was evident on the range of artificial substrata that were implanted in the treatment plant. CD spectra and HPLC analyses of 2 operationally defined exopolysaccharide fractions extracted from samples scraped off the tank walls revealed that negatively charged heteropolysaccharides comprised most of the matrix and capsular components of the biofilms. Cytochemical staining distinguished between acidic and sulphated residues in the samples observed by LM. The data provide a new insight into the structural integrity and development of phototrophic biofilms in this hyper-eutrophic environment, indicating a potential use of autochthonous consortia in an environmentally sound tertiary water treatment alternative to conventional chemico-physical technologies.KEY WORDS: Phototrophic biofilms · Exopolysaccharides · Cyanobacteria · Algae · Biovolume · Confocal laser scanning microscope · Wastewater treatment plant Resale or republication not permitted without written consent of the publisherAquat Microb Ecol 45: [301][302][303][304][305][306][307][308][309][310][311][312] 2006 and with substrate adhesion (stalks, tubes) and locomotion in benthic forms (Hoagland et al. 1993). Many representatives of green algae possess cellulose or glycoprotein cell walls and capsules (van den Hoek et al. 1995, Shubert 2003, several colonial forms are embedded in mucilage matrix, while mucilage is extruded by desmids for gliding (Nultsch & Hader 1988). In addition, many planktic forms release dissolved organic material, which comprises a significant fraction of polysaccharides (Kaplan 1987, Lombardi & Vieria 1999, Lombardi et al. 2005.Overall, EPS are involved in adhesion to the substrata and cohesion between the cells of a biofilm; they play a role in surface-associated motility and provide protection against desiccation and grazing by predators, producing a matrix network that embeds cells and detritus (Wingender et al. 1999, Decho 2000. These exopolymers provide a microenvironment where UVabsorbing pigments and proteins, including enzymes, are immobilized (Sutherland 2001). The major components of the matrix are polysaccharides, but proteins and nucleic acids can comprise a significant part (Decho 2000). Extracellular polysaccharides may also serve in the immobilization and accumula...

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supporting

confidence: 75%

Seasonal succession of phototrophic biofilms in an Italian wastewater treatment plant: biovolume, spatial structure and exopolysaccharides

Congestri

Pippo²,

Philippis³

et al. 2006

Aquat. Microb. Ecol.

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“…CD results here showed that polysaccharide conformation of all but one strain were stable; the small differences observed in the intensity were most likely due to the sum of the contributions from the protonated and unprotonated carboxyl chromophores (Cesaro et al 1990). This stability derives from a random arrangement of polysaccharides in solution, whose chains have a disordered sequence of saccharide units (Cesaro et al 1990). P. autumnale VRUC 164 was a good EPS producer, but the polysaccharide fraction was shown to be unstable, and therefore of little use in most applications.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 87%

Characterization of exopolysaccharides produced by seven biofilm-forming cyanobacterial strains for biotechnological applications

et al. 2013

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The molecular identification of seven biofilmforming cyanobacteria and the characterization of their exopolysaccharides were made and considered in terms of potential biotechnological applications. The studied strains were isolated from phototrophic biofilms taken from various Italian sites including a wastewater treatment plant, an eroded soil, and a brackish lagoon. The polysaccharides were characterized by use of ion exchange chromatography, circular dichroism, and cytochemical stains. All strains produced exopolysaccharides with differing ratios of hydrophobic and hydrophilic moieties depending on the species, the polysaccharide fraction (i.e., whether capsular or released), and the ambient conditions. It was shown that the anionic nature of the exopolysaccharides was due to the presence of carboxylic and sulfated groups and is likely the main characteristic with industrial applicability. Potential biotechnological applications are discussed.

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“…The stability of the conformation against changes in temperature and pH could be explained by a random arrangement of these polymers in solution, and the presence of a disordered sequence of saccharide units in the biopolymer chain (Cesaro et al 1990). The 'random-coil' polymeric conformation was also demonstrated in previous studies on chemically similar polysaccharides produced by some cyanobacteria (Cesaro et al 1990;Bellezza et al 2003Bellezza et al , 2005Bellezza et al , 2006 and by the green macroalga Ulva sp. (Paradossi et al 2002).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Capsular polysaccharides of cultured phototrophic biofilms

et al. 2009

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Physicochemical properties of the exocellular polysaccharide from Cyanospira capsulata

Cited by 38 publications

References 15 publications

Seasonal succession of phototrophic biofilms in an Italian wastewater treatment plant: biovolume, spatial structure and exopolysaccharides

Seasonal succession of phototrophic biofilms in an Italian wastewater treatment plant: biovolume, spatial structure and exopolysaccharides

Characterization of exopolysaccharides produced by seven biofilm-forming cyanobacterial strains for biotechnological applications

Capsular polysaccharides of cultured phototrophic biofilms

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