Physicochemical property of oil palm leaves and utilization of cellulose microfiber as probiotic encapsulant

Pato, Usman; Ayu, Dewi Fortuna; Riftyan, Emma; Restuhadi, Fajar; Pawenang, Wasisso Tunggul; Firdaus, Royyan; Rahma, Annisa; Surono, Ingrid S.; Jaswir, Irwandi

doi:10.13057/biodiv/d220746

Cited by 8 publications

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“…This value is significantly greater than the previously reported crystallinity of 64.66% in OPT [40]. OPT has a higher crystallinity index when compared to OPL, which is only 10.1% [28]. The stiffness of the fiber increases as the degree of crystallinity increases [44].…”

Section: -1-physicochemical Characteristics Of Opt and Cellulosecontrasting

confidence: 55%

“…On the other hand, the levels of carbohydrates and ash were higher in OPT than in OPL. The crude fiber content in both samples was relatively the same in OPT and OPL [28]. It is essential to determine the fiber content of OPT to prepare CMF, which is provided in Table 2.…”

Section: -1-physicochemical Characteristics Of Opt and Cellulosementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Because of the high cellulose content, the plant cell walls and fibers are more robust and more stable. In contrast, OPL fiber is mainly lignin, followed by cellulose and holocellulose [28]. Lignin is a substance found in the cell walls and between cells of vascular plants.…”

Section: -1-physicochemical Characteristics Of Opt and Cellulosementioning

confidence: 99%

“…The peak at 1163.40-1058.34 cm -1 is assumed to represent a C-C aromatic loop of linked lignin or a C-H and C-O ester bond stretching vibration generated by partial acetylation of the hydroxyl group in lignin or carbohydrate residues [46]. The FTIR spectra of OPT revealed similarities to that of OPL [28].…”

Section: Figure 3 Ftir Spectra Of Cellulose From Optmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…As a result, they must manage the release through the human stomach and intestines [27]. A previous study found that CMF hydrogel from oil palm leave (OPL) was only able to maintain the viability of L. fermentum InaCC B1295 for 28 days and resistance to acid and bile after storage for 35 days at room and cold temperatures [28]. Considering the potential for OPT waste which is very abundant at the time of replanting, it is necessary to test the ability of CMF from OPT to maintain viability and resistance to acid and bile during storage at room temperature and cold temperatures.…”

Section: -Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Cellulose Microfiber Encapsulated Probiotic: Viability, Acid and Bile Tolerance during Storage at Different Temperature

et al. 2022

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This work aimed to analyze the physicochemical properties of cellulose from OPT used in the fabrication of CMF and evaluate the efficacy of the hydrogel CMF as an encapsulant for L. fermentum InaCC B1295 stored at room temperature and in the refrigerator. The Kjeldahl method was used to evaluate the protein content; the gravimetric method was used to determine OPT's ash, moisture, and fiber contents; the Soxhlet method was used to determine the fat content carbohydrates were computed using the difference method. The levels of holocellulose, lignin, and cellulose were also determined. Viability, acid and bile resistance of strain B1295 were evaluated at various temperatures for 35 days. The most abundant component of OPT fiber was cellulose, followed by hemicellulose and lignin. XRD examination revealed that OPT cellulose has a crystal index of 83.40%. FTIR analysis was used to detect the stretching vibrations of the –OH group on cellulose at 3419.03 cm-1. CMF hydrogel from OPT sustained L. fermentum InaCC B1295 survival for up to 28 days at room and refrigerated temperatures. At acidic conditions and in the presence of bile, the viability of L. fermentum InaCC B1295 was excellent, with a drop in cell population of less than 0.2 log CFU/g over 35 days at room and refrigerated temperatures. CMF obtained from OPT can be used as an encapsulant to maintain viability, acid resistance and bile of probiotics. There is still a need for research into the usage of CMF from OPT in combination with other encapsulants to extend the storage life of L. fermentum InaCC B1295. Doi: 10.28991/ESJ-2022-06-01-08 Full Text: PDF

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Section: -1-physicochemical Characteristics Of Opt and Cellulosecontrasting

confidence: 55%

Section: -1-physicochemical Characteristics Of Opt and Cellulosementioning

confidence: 99%

Section: -1-physicochemical Characteristics Of Opt and Cellulosementioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Figure 3 Ftir Spectra Of Cellulose From Optmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: -Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Cellulose Microfiber Encapsulated Probiotic: Viability, Acid and Bile Tolerance during Storage at Different Temperature

et al. 2022

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Elaeis guineensisleaves for potential renewable sub‐bituminous coal: Optimization of biochar yield by response surface methodology and product characterization

Nik Pauzi,

Ramli,

Chan

et al. 2023

Biofuels Bioprod Bioref

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Pyrolysis of oil palm biomass residue can convert the rich organic matter in biomass into sustainable green energy, thereby addressing the challenge of surplus oil palm biomass residue generated during cultivation. Nonetheless, the pyrolysis of oil palm leaves (OPLs) has received limited attention. In this study, design of experiment‐response surface methodology (DoE‐RSM) was employed to identify the optimal combination of reaction temperature, residence duration, and nitrogen (N₂) flow rate for maximum biochar yield. The elemental analysis, high heating value (HHV), functional group, morphology, pore structure, and thermal behavior were assessed. By varying the operational parameters using response surface methodology, the biochar yield increased by 32.6–85.3%. The DoE‐RSM predicted a theoretical yield of 52.1% at 344 °C, 146 min, and 3.2 scfh N₂ flow rate. The experiment confirmed a comparable yield of 53.7% at the stated parameters. The HHV of 24.14 MJ kg−1 was recorded under optimal conditions, and was comparable to sub‐bituminous and bituminous coal. Fourier transform infrared analysis validated the OPL biochar by weakening O‐H, C=O, C‐OH, and C‐H peaks. Scanning electron microscopy images revealed enlarged pores and altered morphology in the OPL biochar. X‐ray diffraction showed lower crystallinity of the OPL biochar than the feedstock. Raman spectroscopy showed higher ID/IG, indicating a more disordered carbon structure in the OPL biochar. Thermogravimetric analysis confirmed higher temperature for main devolatilization of OPL biochar, and the differential thermogravimetric analysis curve pattern resembled that of Mukah Balingan coal. The findings are helpful for an initiative to convert a large amount of leftover OPLs produced during cultivation and to turn them into high value‐added material for a sustainable contribution to a circular carbon economy.

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Utilization of Oil-Palm Leaves for Making Innovative Products: A Comprehensive Review

Nuryawan

Risnasari

2022

Springer Proceedings in Materials

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Physicochemical property of oil palm leaves and utilization of cellulose microfiber as probiotic encapsulant

Cited by 8 publications

References 0 publications

Cellulose Microfiber Encapsulated Probiotic: Viability, Acid and Bile Tolerance during Storage at Different Temperature

Cellulose Microfiber Encapsulated Probiotic: Viability, Acid and Bile Tolerance during Storage at Different Temperature

Elaeis guineensisleaves for potential renewable sub‐bituminous coal: Optimization of biochar yield by response surface methodology and product characterization

Utilization of Oil-Palm Leaves for Making Innovative Products: A Comprehensive Review

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