Physics of direct-contact ultrasonic cloth drying process

Peng, Chang; Ravi, Saitej; Patel, Viral K.; Momen, Ayyoub Mehdizadeh; Moghaddam, Saeed

doi:10.1016/j.energy.2017.02.138

Cited by 45 publications

(35 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…For the water droplet atomization study, a water droplet of a specified volume was deployed at the center of the transducer by using a micro-pipette. The atomization process was monitored using the high-speed camera at a frame rate of 3600 Schematic representation of the experimental setup for droplet atomization and fabric drying studies [11].…”

Section: Experimental Setup and Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…frames per second. The camera line of view was normal to the vibrating surface, thus providing top-view images of the atomizing droplets (Figure 1) [11]. During the water droplet atomization process, the IR camera was also used to monitor the droplet and transducer temperature changes.…”

Section: Figurementioning

confidence: 99%

“…In this manner, the weight of an initially saturated transducer-fabric system was measured after actuating the transducer in increments of 5-10 s, with the fabric dried after each measurement. For each time Scanning electron microscope images of the two DOE fabrics [11].…”

Section: Figurementioning

confidence: 99%

“…In addition to the production of fine mist from the droplet surface, the droplet was observed to spread and deform during the process. [11].…”

Section: Figurementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Here, we focus on EF (lb/kWh) which is commonly used in the United States. Table 1 summarizes the EF values for the typical types of existing clothes dryers.Recently, for the first time, we have introduced a totally new cloth drying technology and are collaborating with Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL) researchers to develop the world's first direct-contact ultrasonic cloth dryer that could potentially change the concept of residential heat-drying technology [11][12][13][14][15]. This novel approach uses high-frequency mechanical vibrations generated by piezoelectric ceramics instead of heat to extract moisture as a cold mist, dramatically reducing drying time and energy use.…”

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confidence: 99%

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The Study of Fabric Drying Using Direct-Contact Ultrasonic Vibration

Peng¹,

Moghaddam²

2020

Current Drying Processes

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Our existing cloth drying technology is an energy-intensive process, which generally involves blowing hot air across tumbling wet fabrics to facilitate evaporation and moisture removal. To address the relatively low energy efficiency of existing cloth drying techniques, in this chapter, a totally new cloth drying technology is introduced, which uses high frequency ultrasonic vibrations generated by piezoelectric transducer instead of thermal heating to extract moisture in cloth as a cold mist, dramatically reducing drying time and energy consumption. The physical mechanism of ultrasonic fabric drying process in direct-contact mode is first studied. A novel ultrasonic transducer driving method, in which the power supply to the transducer is regulated by a binary modulating signal, is then developed for use in direct-contact ultrasonic drying of fabrics. A demonstration unit is finally fabricated to show the efficacy of the process and its energy saving compared to thermal drying process. 2 dryer technologies [3, 5-10] (including heat, heat pump, vacuum, or microwave drying) requires a heat source to provide a latent heat of evaporation of about 2.5 MJ/kg water. The heat source for a dryer can be electric resistance, natural gas and/or an electric heat pump.The metrics to measure the drying efficiency of a clothes dryer is called energy factor (EF), which commonly has three different types of definitions, depending on how the drying effect is qualified: (1) the mass of moisture removed per energy consumption; (2) the mass of cloth dried per energy consumption; or (3) the latent heat of moisture removed per energy consumption. In the United States, the Department of Energy standard of EF measures the mass of cloth (saturated to certain water content) that can be dried per unit of electricity consumed (lb/kWh) [3]. For gas dryers, it measures the pounds of clothes being dried per equivalent kilowatt-hour of natural gas consumed. Here, we focus on EF (lb/kWh) which is commonly used in the United States. Table 1 summarizes the EF values for the typical types of existing clothes dryers.Recently, for the first time, we have introduced a totally new cloth drying technology and are collaborating with Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL) researchers to develop the world's first direct-contact ultrasonic cloth dryer that could potentially change the concept of residential heat-drying technology [11][12][13][14][15]. This novel approach uses high-frequency mechanical vibrations generated by piezoelectric ceramics instead of heat to extract moisture as a cold mist, dramatically reducing drying time and energy use. On the basis of inverse piezoelectric effect, when an electric field is applied in the polarization direction of piezoelectric ceramics, the ceramics will produce mechanical deformation in a certain direction. When a high frequency electric field is applied, the piezoelectric transducer generates acoustic vibration. If the oscillation frequency is larger than 20 kHz, it generates ultrasonic waves that propagate throu...

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Section: Experimental Setup and Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Figurementioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Figurementioning

confidence: 99%

“…In addition to the production of fine mist from the droplet surface, the droplet was observed to spread and deform during the process. [11].…”

Section: Figurementioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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The Study of Fabric Drying Using Direct-Contact Ultrasonic Vibration

Peng¹,

Moghaddam²

2020

Current Drying Processes

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Ultrasonics induced variations in molecular structure and tensile properties of silk fibers in a chemical free environment

et al. 2021

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Ultrasonics can be used as an alternative energy supply for a green silk wet processing and for enhancement of some chemical/physical properties of biopolymers. In this work, ultrasonically treated silk fabric were compared with that of untreated and were investigated for the changes in fiber conformation structure and subsequent tensile property. Experiments were conducted under different time duration in a chemical free environment. Fiber surface energy distribution and transformation of silk secondary structure were analyzed using Xray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS), and Fourier transform infrared spectrum (FITR). Results showed that subject to treatment time, a surface oxidation effect and a light transformation of random coil to β-sheet can be induced from ultrasonic irradiation. Tensile testing showed that under certain treatment time, ultrasonics can lead to silk fibers with a slightly increased strength and reduced extensibility, as a result of the transition of fiber secondary structure.

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