Physics of meteor entry

Romig, Mary F.

doi:10.2514/3.2877

Cited by 20 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…Differential and integral efficiencies 2.6.1.1. Large bolides: total power budget analyses: We can perform a power budget analysis at any instant of time or equivalently evaluate the time rate of change of the kinetic energy of the bolide ( 1=2 Á V 2 Á dm=dt þ mV Á dV=dt), as originally presented in equation 1of Romig (1965), but that definitely includes the differential acoustic efficiency, e, (that is discussed further directly below) as long as Kn*<O(1) as justified earlier in Section 2.4. Multiple Flow Regimes:…”

Section: Total Power Balance: Differential and Integral Efficienciesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…These are differential efficiencies at any point along the entry path. This evaluation process was initially described by Opik (1958) and Romig (1965) with respect to the reference frame of the moving bolide for free molecular flow in the form: ''the relative kinetic energy of the intercepted air particles is transferred to the body in the form of heat and the materials ejected from the surface produced light and ion pairs upon collision with ambient air particles''. Obviously the complexity of continuum flow and additional aerodynamic regimes are far more complicated to evaluate reliably, but we seem to be doing a reasonable job of evaluating all of the known processes, with the exception of a few ''small'' omissions discussed directly below.…”

Section: Total Power Balance: Differential and Integral Efficienciesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…luminous efficiency: (ReVelle and Ceplecha, 2001f, 2002c. In order to accomplish the total power budget, we have scaled all of the differential efficiencies, except for the differential acoustical efficiency, with respect to the semi-empirical, panchromatic luminous efficiency utilizing data from earlier theoretical and experimental measurements reported in Romig (1965) and utilized in the bolide energetics formulation presented in ReVelle (1980ReVelle ( , 1997. Most of these energy scaling estimates were adopted from the synthesis provided by Greenhow and Hawkins (1952), most of which was based on radar and optical luminosity measurements as well as theoretical work at that time by a number of workers, including Opik.…”

Section: Total Power Balance: Differential and Integral Efficienciesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Recent Advances in Bolide Entry Modeling: A Bolide Potpourri

Revelle

2004

Earth Moon Planet

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In this paper, we will review recent research on numerous aspects of bolide entry into a planetary atmosphere, including such topics as the entry dynamics, energetics, ablation, deceleration, fragmentation, luminosity, mechanical wave generation processes, a total (panchromatic) power budget including differential and integral efficiencies versus time, etc. Fragmentation, triggered by stagnation pressures exceeding the bolide breaking strength, has been subsequently included in either a collective or non-collective wake behavior limit. We have also utilized the differential panchromatic luminous efficiency of ReVelle and Ceplecha (2002) to compute bolide luminosity. In addition we also introduce the concept of the differential and integral acoustic/infrasonic efficiency and generalized it to the case of mechanical wave efficiency including internal atmospheric gravity waves generated during entry. Unlike the other efficiencies which are assumed to be a constant multiple of the luminous efficiency, the acoustic efficiency is calculated independently using a ''first principles'' approach. All of these topics have been pursued using either a homogeneous or a porous meteoroid model with great success. As a direct result, porosity seems to be a rather good possibility for explaining anomalous meteoroid behavior in the atmosphere.

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Section: Total Power Balance: Differential and Integral Efficienciesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Total Power Balance: Differential and Integral Efficienciesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Total Power Balance: Differential and Integral Efficienciesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Recent Advances in Bolide Entry Modeling: A Bolide Potpourri

Revelle

2004

Earth Moon Planet

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“…In principle, the ablation plays an essential role for the meteoroids in the range of roughly 10 -6 -100 m in diameter (Popova, 2005). For an ablating meteoroid, the energy required to completely vaporize the particle is several orders of magnitude smaller than the initial kinetic energy imparted by collisions with the atmospheric molecules (Romig, 1965;Zinn et al, 2004). A review of ablation and ablation models is given by Popova (2005).…”

Section: Meteoroids In the Atmospherementioning

confidence: 99%

Physics of meteor generated shock waves in the Earth’s atmosphere – A review

Silber

Boslough

Hocking

et al. 2018

Advances in Space Research

106

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Shock waves and the associated phenomena generated by strongly ablating meteoroids with sizes greater than a few millimeters in the lower transitional flow regime of the Earth's atmosphere are the least explored aspect of meteor science. In this paper, we present a comprehensive review of literature covering meteor generated shock wave phenomena, from the aspect of both meteor science and hypersonic gas dynamics. The primary emphasis of this review is placed on the mechanisms and dynamics of the meteor shock waves. We discuss key aspects of both shock generation and propagation, including the great importance of the hydrodynamic shielding that develops around the meteoroid. In addition to this in-depth review, the discussion is extended to an overview of meteoroid fragmentation, followed by airburst type events associated with large, deep penetrating meteoroids. This class of objects has a significant potential to cause extensive material damage and even human casualties on the ground, and as such is of great interest to the planetary defense community. To date, no comprehensive model exists that accurately describes the flow field and shock wave formation of a strongly ablating meteoroid in the non-continuum flow regime. Thus, we briefly present the current state of numerical models that describe the comparatively slower flow of air over non-ablating bodies in the rarefied regime. In respect to the elusive nature of meteor generated shock wave detection, we also discuss relevant aspects and applications of meteor radar and infrasound studies as tools that can be utilized to study meteor shock waves and related phenomena. In particular, infrasound data can provide energy release estimates of meteoroids entering the Earth's atmosphere. We conclude with a summary of unresolved questions in the domain of meteor generated shock waves; topics which should be a focus of future investigations in the field.

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“…The meteoroid stream will move on a similar orbit to the comet. When the Earth passes through such a stream, some of these meteoroids penetrate the Earth's atmosphere with a velocity that ranges from 11 to 72 km/s [17,8,12].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Mathematical Model for Simulating Meteor Showers

Cardinot

Namen

2019

Tend. Mat. Apl. Comput.

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This paper presents a mathematical model to simulate the trajectory of a meteor as seen by a single observer located anywhere on Earth. Our strategy is to define a new coordinate system, called Radiant Coordinate System, which is centered on the observer and has its z-axis aligned with the radiant. This new coordinate system allows us to describe the meteors' path by applying a reduced number of equations in a simple solution. We also present a computational implementation of this model, which is developed as a new plug-in of Stellarium, a free and open-source planetarium software. Moreover, we show that our model can be used to simulate both meteor showers and sporadic meteors. In particular, meteor showers are simulated using data provided by real catalogs.

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Physics of meteor entry

Cited by 20 publications

References 18 publications

Recent Advances in Bolide Entry Modeling: A Bolide Potpourri

Recent Advances in Bolide Entry Modeling: A Bolide Potpourri

Physics of meteor generated shock waves in the Earth’s atmosphere – A review

A Mathematical Model for Simulating Meteor Showers

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