Physics of pure and non-pure positron emitters for PET: a review and a discussion

Conti, Maurizio; Eriksson, Lars

doi:10.1186/s40658-016-0144-5

Cited by 293 publications

(353 citation statements)

References 47 publications

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“…The polycarbonate was then dissolved, leaving the Zn, Cu, and Cd nanowires as shown in Figure 32. The nanowires were all irradiated by a 60 Co source, which emits at 1.17 and 1.33 MeV. All of the nanowire samples showed a strong decrease in conductivity as a function of radiation dosage, which agreed with the effects seen in the SnO2 nanowires.…”

supporting

confidence: 62%

Zinc oxide nanowire gamma ray detector with high spatiotemporal resolution

et al. 2016

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To my mom, Linda.iii ACKNOWLEDGEMENTSThere are no words to express how grateful I am for all the people that have been part of my life during this journey. I could not have completed my PhD without their help, and I would first like to thank the two advisors that guided me through my graduate career.Professor Richard Mu accepted me as an REU student during my final summer as an undergraduate. After interacting with his group and getting a chance to do actual research in a lab, I changed my graduate path from computational physics to experimental physics and never looked back. Professor Mu's group has always felt like an extended family, where the members worked hard and helped each other without question. I also learned humility in his groupcelebrate the victories in the lab, but be mindful of the people and path that led to that point. I honestly can't begin to express how much I appreciate everything he has done to help me and my family over the years. He has been there through all of the ups and downs in my personal and professional life, and I am honored for the chance to continue to work with him in the future.Professor Richard Haglund accepted me into his group at Vanderbilt after I finished my Master's at Fisk University. I struggled at the beginning while trying to balance course work with research and family, and he gave me some of the best advice I've ever received. He told me that my future was in my hands and that I would fail or succeed based on my own actions. That motivated me to work harder than I had ever worked and is something I still carry with me today.I also want to thank Professor Haglund for instilling within me a deeper appreciation for the elegance of physics, from cascade lasers to perturbation theory. His depth of knowledge and work-life balance are inspiring, and I look forward to working with him in future projects. My mom and dad worked extremely hard to provide a solid foundation for me and my brother. I couldn't ask for better parents. My dad worked to provide for our family, and my mom put her career on hold to stay home with me and my brother. They encouraged us to reach for the stars and to always choose the right path, even if it was the more difficult one. I am who I am today due in large part to the sacrifices, encouragement, and love that my parents provided.

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confidence: 62%

Zinc oxide nanowire gamma ray detector with high spatiotemporal resolution

et al. 2016

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“…By contrast, radionuclides used in the studies of In-have found widespread use in nuclear medicine for SPECT imaging. Over the past decade, PET has experienced a significant increase applying a variety of positron emitting radiometals [45]. Recently, 68 Ga use in particular is showing a dramatic growth because of the applicability in labelling of diverse range of compounds and because it is obtained from a long shelf-life and relatively inexpensive 68 Ge/ 68 Ga generator system [46].…”

Section: Siderophores For Molecular Imaging Of Infectionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Siderophores for molecular imaging applications

Petřík

Zhai

Haas

et al. 2016

Clin Transl Imaging

110

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This review covers publications on siderophores applied for molecular imaging applications, mainly for radionuclide-based imaging. Siderophores are low molecular weight chelators produced by bacteria and fungi to scavenge essential iron. Research on these molecules has a continuing history over the past 50 years. Many biomedical applications have been developed, most prominently the use of the siderophore desferrioxamine (DFO) to tackle iron overload related diseases. Recent research described the upregulation of siderophore production and transport systems during infection. Replacing iron in siderophores by radionuclides, the most prominent Ga-68 for PET, opens approaches for targeted imaging of infection; the proof of principle has been reported for fungal infections using 68 Ga-triacetylfusarinine C (TAFC). Additionally, fluorescent siderophores and therapeutic conjugates have been described and may be translated to optical imaging and theranostic applications. Siderophores have also been applied as bifunctional chelators, initially DFO as chelator for Ga-67 and more recently for Zr-89 where it has become the standard chelator in Immuno-PET. Improved DFO constructs and bifunctional chelators based on cyclic siderophores have recently been developed for Ga-68 and Zr-89 and show promising properties for radiopharmaceutical development in PET. A huge potential from basic biomedical research on siderophores still awaits to be utilized for clinical and translational imaging.

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“…However, its 140‐keV radiation is dosimetrically less problematic than the 511‐keV annihilation photons, which are much more penetrating and cause higher dose rates. In this respect, it must be noted that the intense (>80%), high‐energy (>900 keV) gamma lines of some PET radiometals, namely 44 Sc, 89 Zr, and 86 Y, further limit their routine applicability for reasons of radiation protection (above all, due to high doses to production and nursing personnel) and may compromise image quality . Therefore, the isotope 43 Sc which lacks such gamma emission is currently brought forward as a replacement for 44 Sc.…”

Section: Prospects Of Pet Radiometalsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…

The potential and future role of certain metal radionuclides, for example, 44 Sc, 89 Zr, 86 Y, 64 Cu, 68 Ga, 177 Lu, 225 Ac, and 213 Bi, and several terbium isotopes has been controversially discussed in the past decades. Furthermore, the possible benefits of "matched pairs" of isotopes for tandem applications of diagnostics and therapeutics (theranostics) have been emphasized, while such approaches still have not made their way into routine clinical practice.

…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Re‐thinking the role of radiometal isotopes: Towards a future concept for theranostic radiopharmaceuticals

Notni

Wester

2017

Labelled Comp Radiopharmac

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The potential and future role of certain metal radionuclides, for example, Sc, Zr, Y, Cu, Ga, Lu, Ac, and Bi, and several terbium isotopes has been controversially discussed in the past decades. Furthermore, the possible benefits of "matched pairs" of isotopes for tandem applications of diagnostics and therapeutics (theranostics) have been emphasized, while such approaches still have not made their way into routine clinical practice. Analysis of bibliographical data illustrates how popularity of certain nuclides has been promoted by cycles of availability and applications. We furthermore discuss the different practical requirements for diagnostic and therapeutic radiopharmaceuticals and the resulting consequences for efficient development of clinically useful pairs of radionuclide theranostics, with particular emphasis on the underlying economical factors. Based on an exemplary assessment of overall production costs for Ga and F radiopharmaceuticals, we venture a look into the future of theranostics and predict that high-throughput PET applications, that is, diagnosis of frequent conditions, will ultimately rely on F tracers. PET radiometals will occupy a niche in the clinical low-throughput sector (diagnosis of rare diseases), but above all, dominate preclinical research and clinical translation. Matched isotope pairs will be of lesser relevance for theranostics but may become important for future PET-based therapeutic dosimetry.

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Physics of pure and non-pure positron emitters for PET: a review and a discussion

Cited by 293 publications

References 47 publications

Zinc oxide nanowire gamma ray detector with high spatiotemporal resolution

Zinc oxide nanowire gamma ray detector with high spatiotemporal resolution

Siderophores for molecular imaging applications

Re‐thinking the role of radiometal isotopes: Towards a future concept for theranostic radiopharmaceuticals

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