Physics Opportunities for the Fermilab Booster Replacement

Abstract

This white paper presents opportunities afforded by the Fermilab Booster Replacement and its various options. Its goal is to inform the design process of the Booster Replacement about the accelerator needs of the various options, allowing the design to be versatile and enable, or leave the door open to, as many options as possible. The physics themes covered by the paper include searches for dark sectors and new opportunities with muons.

Muon Collider Forum report

“…PIP-II is a versatile machine that generates sufficient beam power to serve several HEP programs as well as beam irradiation tests [168]. A possible alternative is an upgraded Booster, which has sufficient beam power to serve both the beam irradiation facility as well as an ionization-cooling demonstrator [169].…”

Snowmass Neutrino Frontier Report

“…Additionally, each of the Phase II upgrade components also provides an opportunity to broaden DUNE's physics portfolio to address additional science drivers and to therefore involve a wider community, including potential opportunities for dark matter detection, neutrinoless double-beta decay measurements [12], and additional BSM searches. There is also significant community interest in other experimental efforts that may make use of Fermilab's upgraded proton accelerator complex [13]. The HK experiment plans to utilize the upgraded J-PARC 1.3 MW proton beam, an upgraded near detector, a proposed new intermediate detector to be installed ∼1 km away from the neutrino production target, and a new 260 kt far detector located 295 km away from the neutrino source near Super-K.…”

“…Significant R&D on target materials will be essential to ensure target reliability in Phase II and allow for accurate prediction of the component lifetimes [99]. Additional information as well as details on physics opportunities with Fermilab beam upgrade paths are discussed in [4,5,13,[100][101][102].…”